Effects of Side-Chain Length and Functionality on Polar Poly(dioxythiophene)s for Saline-Based Organic Electrochemical Transistors DOI
Brandon T. DiTullio,

Lisa R. Savagian,

Olivier Bardagot

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 145(1), P. 122 - 134

Published: Dec. 23, 2022

Understanding the impact of side chains on aqueous redox properties conjugated polymers is crucial to unlocking their potential in bioelectrochemical devices, such as organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). Here, we report a series polar propylenedioxythiophene-based copolymers functionalized with glyme varying lengths well an analogue short hydroxyl chains. We show that long are not required for achieving high volumetric capacitance (C*), hydroxy substituents can afford facile doping and C* saline-based electrolytes. Furthermore, demonstrate length leads subtle changes material properties. Increasing chain generally associated enhancement OECT performance, kinetics, stability, polymer bearing longest exhibiting highest performance ([μC*]OECT = 200 ± 8 F cm-1 V-1 s-1). The origin this investigated different device configurations using situ techniques (e.g., time-resolved spectroelectrochemistry chronoamperometry). These studies suggest improvement due significant but rather variations inferred mobility. Through thorough comparison two architectures, geometry obfuscate benchmarking active channel materials, likely contact resistance effects. By complementing all spectroscopic experiments measurements performed within planar configuration, work seeks unambiguously assign design principles fine-tune poly(dioxythiophene)s relevant application OECTs.

Language: Английский

Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors DOI Creative Commons
Yifei Luo, Mohammad Reza Abidian, Jong‐Hyun Ahn

et al.

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 5211 - 5295

Published: March 9, 2023

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and improve quality of life in the era digitalization big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible are developed overcome limitations conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement bench-side research over last decade, market adoption remains limited. To ease expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering maturation propose promising solutions. We first analyze achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications then summarize issues compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions powering connecting sensor networks. Issues en route commercialization sustainable growth sector also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns emphasizing nontechnical such as business, regulatory, ethical considerations. Additionally, look at future intelligent sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, hope steer efforts towards common goals guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner capitalized betterment humanity.

Language: Английский

Citations

697
Bioadhesive polymer semiconductors and transistors for intimate biointerfaces DOI
Nan Li, Yang Li, Zhe Cheng

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 381(6658), P. 686 - 693

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

The use of bioelectronic devices relies on direct contact with soft biotissues. For transistor-type devices, the semiconductors that need to have interfacing biotissues for effective signal transduction do not adhere well wet tissues, thereby limiting stability and conformability at interface. We report a bioadhesive polymer semiconductor through double-network structure formed by brush redox-active semiconducting polymer. resulting film can form rapid strong adhesion tissue surfaces together high charge-carrier mobility ~1 square centimeter per volt second, stretchability, good biocompatibility. Further fabrication fully transistor sensor enabled us produce high-quality stable electrophysiological recordings an isolated rat heart in vivo muscles.

Language: Английский

Citations

115
Flexible and Stretchable Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Physiological Sensing Devices DOI Creative Commons
Yao Yao, Wei Huang, Jianhua Chen

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(35)

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

Abstract Flexible and stretchable bioelectronics provides a biocompatible interface between electronics biological systems has received tremendous attention for in situ monitoring of various systems. Considerable progress organic made semiconductors, as well other electronic materials, ideal candidates developing wearable, implantable, circuits due to their potential mechanical compliance biocompatibility. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), an emerging class building blocks, exhibit significant advantages sensing the ionic nature at basis switching behavior, low driving voltage (<1 V), high transconductance (in millisiemens range). During past few years, constructing flexible/stretchable OECTs (FSOECTs) both biochemical bioelectrical sensors been reported. In this regard, summarize major research accomplishments field, review first discusses structure critical features FSOECTs, including working principles, architectural engineering. Next, wide spectrum relevant physiological applications, where FSOECTs are key components, summarized. Last, challenges opportunities further advancing FSOECT discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

93
Flexible Organic Transistors for Biosensing: Devices and Applications DOI Creative Commons
Jiajun Song, Hong Liu, Zeyu Zhao

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

Abstract Flexible and stretchable biosensors can offer seamless conformable biological–electronic interfaces for continuously acquiring high‐fidelity signals, permitting numerous emerging applications. Organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) are ideal transducers flexible biosensing due to their soft nature, inherent amplification function, biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, low cost, device diversity. In consideration the rapid advances in flexible‐OTFT‐based broad applications, herein, a timely comprehensive review is provided. It starts with detailed introduction features various OTFTs including organic field‐effect electrochemical transistors, functionalization strategies biosensing, highlight on seminal work up‐to‐date achievements. Then, applications wearable, implantable, portable electronics, as well neuromorphic biointerfaces detailed. Subsequently, special attention paid planar fibrous devices. The routes impart stretchability, structural engineering material engineering, discussed, implementations e‐skin smart textiles included. Finally, remaining challenges future opportunities this field summarized.

Language: Английский

Citations

92
Achieving tissue-level softness on stretchable electronics through a generalizable soft interlayer design DOI Creative Commons
Yang Li, Nan Li, Wei Liu

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 26, 2023

Abstract Soft and stretchable electronics have emerged as highly promising tools for biomedical diagnosis biological studies, they interface intimately with the human body other systems. Most electronic materials devices, however, still Young’s moduli orders of magnitude higher than soft bio-tissues, which limit their conformability long-term biocompatibility. Here, we present a design strategy interlayer allowing use existing relatively high to versatilely realize devices ultralow tissue-level moduli. We demonstrated transistor arrays active-matrix circuits below 10 kPa—over two lower current state art. Benefiting from increased irregular dynamic surfaces, ultrasoft device created realizes electrophysiological recording on an isolated heart adaptability, spatial stability, minimal influence ventricle pressure. In vivo biocompatibility tests also demonstrate benefit suppressing foreign-body responses implantation. With its general applicability diverse this soft-interlayer overcomes material-level limitation imparting softness variety bioelectronic devices.

Language: Английский

Citations

77
Intrinsically stretchable neuromorphic devices for on-body processing of health data with artificial intelligence DOI Creative Commons
Shilei Dai, Yahao Dai, Zixuan Zhao

et al.

Matter, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. 3375 - 3390

Published: Aug. 4, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

72
Emerging Iontronic Neural Devices for Neuromorphic Sensory Computing DOI
Shilei Dai, Xu Liu,

Youdi Liu

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(39)

Published: March 9, 2023

Living organisms have a very mysterious and powerful sensory computing system based on ion activity. Interestingly, studies iontronic devices in the past few years proposed promising platform for simulating sensing functions of living organisms, because: 1) can generate, store, transmit variety signals by adjusting concentration spatiotemporal distribution ions, which analogs to how brain performs intelligent alternating flux polarization; 2) through ionic-electronic coupling, bridge biosystem with electronics offer profound implications soft electronics; 3) diversity be designed recognize specific ions or molecules customizing charge selectivity, ionic conductivity capacitance adjusted respond external stimuli schemes, more difficult electron-based devices. This review provides comprehensive overview emerging neuromorphic devices, highlighting representative concepts both low-level high-level introducing important material device breakthroughs. Moreover, as means are discussed regarding pending challenges future directions.

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Organic mixed conductors for electrochemical transistors DOI Creative Commons
Joshua Tropp, Dilara Meli, Jonathan Rivnay

et al.

Matter, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(10), P. 3132 - 3164

Published: May 24, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Self-Driving Laboratory for Polymer Electronics DOI
Aikaterini Vriza, Henry Chan, Jie Xu

et al.

Chemistry of Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(8), P. 3046 - 3056

Published: March 9, 2023

Owing to the chemical pluripotency and viscoelastic nature of electronic polymers, polymer electronics have shown unique advances in many emerging applications such as skin-like electronics, large-area printed energy devices, neuromorphic computing but their development period is years-long. Recent advancements automation, robotics, learning algorithms led a growing number self-driving (autonomous) laboratories that begun revolutionize accelerated discovery materials. In this perspective, we first introduce current state autonomous laboratories. Then analyze why it challenging conduct research by an laboratory highlight needs. We further discuss our efforts building laboratory, namely Polybot, for automated synthesis characterization polymers processing fabrication into devices. Finally, share vision using different types research.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Designing organic mixed conductors for electrochemical transistor applications DOI
Yazhou Wang, Shofarul Wustoni, Jokūbas Surgailis

et al.

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 249 - 265

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

42