Intermetallic Nanocrystals for Fuel-Cells-Based Electrocatalysis

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(22), P. 12507 - 12593

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Electrocatalysis underpins the renewable electrochemical conversions for sustainability, which further replies on metallic nanocrystals as vital electrocatalysts. Intermetallic have been known to show distinct properties compared their disordered counterparts, and long explored functional improvements. Tremendous progresses made in past few years, with notable trend of more precise engineering down an atomic level investigation transferring into practical membrane electrode assembly (MEA), motivates this timely review. After addressing basic thermodynamic kinetic fundamentals, we discuss classic latest synthetic strategies that enable not only formation intermetallic phase but also rational control other catalysis-determinant structural parameters, such size morphology. We demonstrate emerging nanomaterials potentially advancement energy electrocatalysis. Then, state-of-the-art characterizations representative electrocatalysts emphasis oxygen reduction reaction evaluated a MEA setup. summarize review by laying out existing challenges offering perspective future research directions toward practicing conversions.

Language: Английский

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Optimizing Pt-Based Alloy Electrocatalysts for Improved Hydrogen Evolution Performance in Alkaline Electrolytes: A Comprehensive Review

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(21), P. 20804 - 20824

Published: Nov. 3, 2023

The splitting of water through electrocatalysis offers a sustainable method for the production hydrogen. In alkaline electrolytes, lack protons forces dissociation to occur before hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). While pure Pt is gold standard electrocatalyst in acidic since 5d orbital nearly fully occupied, when it overlaps with molecular water, generates Pauli repulsion. As result, formation Pt–H* bond an environment difficult, which slows HER and negates benefits using catalyst. To overcome this limitation, can be alloyed transition metals, such as Fe, Co, Ni. This approach has potential not only enhance performance but also increase dispersion decrease its usage, thus overall improving catalyst's cost-effectiveness. excellent adsorption ability metals contributes generation proton-rich local near Pt-based alloy that promotes HER. Significant progress been achieved comprehending mechanism manipulation structure composition electrocatalysts based on alloy. objective review analyze condense latest developments It focuses modified alloys clarifies design principles catalytic catalysts from both experimental theoretical perspective. highlights some difficulties encountered during opportunities increasing performance. Finally, guidance development more efficient provided.

Language: Английский

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Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Comparative Review of Acidic and Alkaline Systems

Electrochemical Energy Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Abstract In the last 20 years, direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) have been subject of tremendous research efforts for potential application as on-demand power sources. Two leading technologies respectively based on proton exchange membranes (PEMs) and anion (AEMs) emerged: first one operating in an acidic environment conducting protons; second alkaline electrolytes hydroxyl ions. this review, we present analysis state-of-the-art DAFCs fed with methanol ethanol purpose to support a comparative systems, which is missing current literature. A special focus placed effect reaction stoichiometry systems. Particularly, point out that, OH − participates stoichiometrically reactions, that oxidation products are anions. This aspect must be considered when designing making energy evaluation from whole system perspective. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Responsive soft actuators with MXene nanomaterials

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Abstract Compared with traditional rigid actuators, soft actuators exhibit a large number of advantages, including enhanced flexibility, reconfigurability, and adaptability, which motivate us to develop artificial widespread applications. Soft MXene nanomaterials are regarded as highly promising candidates for advancing the development bioinspired robotics consequence their unprecedented physicochemical characteristics, such high electronic conductivity, thermal photothermal conversion capability, abundant surface functional groups. Herein, comprehensive overview recent advancement extensive applications from perspective bioinspiration is provided. First, synthetic methods properties briefly summarized. Subsequently, (including photoresponsive electroresponsive chemoresponsive actuators) sequentially investigated focus on fabrication approaches, actuation properties, underlying mechanisms, At end, future challenges opportunities rapid discussed.

Language: Английский

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Electro-Reforming of PET Plastic to C₂ Chemicals with Concurrent Generation of Hydrogen and Electric Energy

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 5366 - 5376

Published: March 26, 2024

Upcycling poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste into valuable C2 products presents an alternative avenue for attaining carbon neutrality. In this study, we introduce a C–C preserved pathway selectively transforming PET-derived ethylene glycol (EG) glycolic acid (GA), 25-fold value of product. Utilizing Pt–Ni(OH)2/NF electrode, EG oxidation reaction (EGOR) proceeds at remarkably low potential (100 mA cm–2 @0.69 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) with impressive Faraday efficiency (93%) GA production. situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements are employed to pinpoint crucial intermediates, elucidating pathways the conversion GA. Quasi in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments identify rich •OH species Pt–Ni(OH)2, making active Pt sites less susceptible be poisoned through oxidative removal adsorbed carbonyl intermediates during EGOR. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations underscore synergistic interplay between and Ni(OH)2, optimizing adsorption/desorption on metal ensuring heightened activity, selectivity, stability Furthermore, propose innovative electro-forming architecture by integrating EGOR evolution (HER) oxygen reduction (ORR). This hybrid is activated multifunctional catalytic deployed throughout day switch mode. It can achieve high-value chemical production from PET hydrolysate concurrent generation electric energy output, offering appealing multifaceted solution plastic upcycling.

Language: Английский

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Grafting Ultra‐fine Nanoalloys with Amorphous Skin Enables Highly Active and Long‐lived Acidic Hydrogen Production

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(15)

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Abstract Large‐scale deployment of proton exchange membranes water electrolysis (PEM‐WE) requires a substantial reduction in usage platinum group metals (PGMs) as indispensable electrocatalyst for cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Ultra‐fine PGMs nanocatalysts possess abundant catalytic sites at lower loading, but usually exhibit reduced stability long‐term operations under corrosive acidic environments. Here we report grafting the ultra‐fine PtRu crystalline nanoalloys with Pt x Ru y Se z “amorphous skin” (c‐PtRu@a‐Pt ) by situ atomic layer selenation to simultaneously improve activity and stability. We found that c‐PtRu@a‐Pt ‐1 ~0.6 nm thickness amorphous skin achieved an ultra‐high mass 26.7 A mg −1 Pt+Ru −0.07 V well state‐of‐the‐art durability maintained least 1000 h −10 mA cm −2 550 −100 mA⋅cm acid HER. Experimental theoretical investigations suggested not only improved electrochemical accessibility catalyst surface increasing intrinsic sites, also mitigated dissolution/diffusion active species, thus resulting electrolyte. This work demonstrates direction designing electrocatalysts both high utilization robust durability, offers engineering strategy.

Language: Английский

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Constructing Zn-based MOF-MXene nanoarchitectures to stabilize ultrafine Pt nanocrystals with enhanced methanol oxidation performance

Carbon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 226, P. 119171 - 119171

Published: April 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Interfacial Electronic Modulation of Dual-Monodispersed Pt–Ni3S2 as Efficacious Bi-Functional Electrocatalysts for Concurrent H2 Evolution and Methanol Selective Oxidation

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Constructing the efficacious and applicable bi-functional electrocatalysts establishing out mechanisms of organic electro-oxidation by replacing anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are critical to development electrochemically-driven technologies for efficient hydrogen production avoid CO

Language: Английский

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Recent progress of Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Rare Metals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(6), P. 2444 - 2468

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Pt-Te alloy nanowires towards formic acid electrooxidation reaction

Journal of Energy Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 481 - 489

Published: July 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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