Micro‐ and nanorobots from magnetic particles: Fabrication, control, and applications DOI Creative Commons

Xiaoyu Wang,

Tao Yang, Quan Li

et al.

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(4)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Abstract Magnetic microparticles (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) have long been used as ideal miniaturized delivery detection platforms. Their use micro‐ nanorobots (MNRs) is also emerging in the recent years with help of more dedicated external magnetic field manipulations. In this review, we summarize research progress on nanoparticle (MNP)‐based MNRs. First, fabrication from either template‐assisted NP doping methods or directly synthesized MPs summarized. The driving torque sources for both types MNRs are analyzed, their propulsion control under low Reynolds number flows discussed by evaluating symmetry breaking mechanisms interparticle interactions. Subsequently, these scientific models, bioimaging agents, active delivery, treatment platforms (drug cell sterilization), biomedical diagnostics has reviewed. Finally, perspective MNPs‐based was outlined, including challenges future directions.

Language: Английский

AlgaeSperm: Microalgae‐Based Soft Magnetic Microrobots for Targeted Tumor Treatment DOI Open Access
Nuoer Celi, De Gong, Jun Cai

et al.

Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Abstract Magnetic microrobots are significant platforms for targeted drug delivery, among which sperm‐inspired types have attracted much attention due to their flexible undulation. However, mass production of sperm‐like soft magnetic with high‐speed propulsion is still challenging the need more reasonable structure design and facile fabrication. Herein, a novel strategy proposed large‐scale preparation microalgae‐based fully head‐to‐tail structure, called AlgaeSperm robust chemo‐photothermal performance. This approach deposited Pd@Au nanoparticles (NPs) inside chlorella cells, further coated Fe 3 O 4 NPs polydopamine layers form heads. Then, flagella grafted via assembly @PVP construct final AlgaeSperm. Under precessing fields, AlgaeSperms can achieve forward velocity up 2.3 body length/s, highest best knowledge. Besides, maneuverability in swarm also verified. In vitro anti‐cancer experiments conducted after loading doxorubicin (DOX) confirm excellent work offers paradigm constructing great potential tumor treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Metareview: a survey of active matter reviews DOI Creative Commons
Michael te Vrugt, Raphael Wittkowski

The European Physical Journal E, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 48(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

In the past years, amount of research on active matter has grown extremely rapidly, a fact that is reflected in particular by existence more than 1000 reviews this topic. Moreover, field become very diverse, ranging from theoretical studies statistical mechanics particles to applied work medical applications microrobots and biological systems artificial swimmers. This makes it difficult get an overview over as whole. Here, we provide such form metareview article surveys existing review articles books matter. Thereby, provides useful starting point for finding literature about specific

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Anticoagulation colloidal microrobots based on heparin-mimicking polymers DOI
Huanhuan Wang, Huaguang Wang, Xiaoli Liu

et al.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 137345 - 137345

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Multiorifice acoustic microrobot for boundary-free multimodal 3D swimming DOI Creative Commons
Nima Mahkam, Musab Cagri Ugurlu, Sandeep Kumar Kalva

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(4)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

The emerging new generation of small-scaled acoustic microrobots is poised to expedite the adoption microrobotics in biomedical research. Recent designs these have enabled intricate bioinspired motions, paving way for their real-world applications. We present a multiorifice design air-filled spherical that convert wave energy efficient propulsion through resonant encapsulated microbubble. These can swim boundary-free three-dimensional (3D) space while switching between various frequency-dependent locomotion modes. explore dynamics with diameters ranging from 10 μm 100 μm, focusing on 3D swimming and multimodal response stimuli below 1 MHz. Further, we elucidate microrobots, featuring single cavity, which contributes complex streaming facilitates swift, unrestricted movements. Finally, demonstrate incorporating additional nickel gold layers significantly enhances steering visibility optoacoustic ultrasound imaging, enabling development next healthcare

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Light-Driven Microrobots for Targeted Drug Delivery DOI
Qilong Cheng,

Xingqi Lu,

Yunhao Tai

et al.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 5562 - 5594

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

As a new micromanipulation tool with the advantages of small size, flexible movement and easy manipulation, light-driven microrobots have wide range prospects in biomedical fields such as drug targeting cell manipulation. Recently, been controlled various ways, light field has become research hotspot by its noncontact precise localization, fast response, biocompatibility. It utilizes force or deformation generated to precisely control microrobot, combines release technology realize targeted application. Therefore, this paper provides an overview provide ideas for manipulation microrobots. Here, briefly categorizes driving mechanisms materials microrobots, which mainly include photothermal, photochemical, biological. Then, typical designs different strategies multiple physical are summarized. Finally, applications bioimaging presented well future demonstrated.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Microrotors with Tunable Trajectory Curvatures Driven by Chemical and Photochemical Dual Engines DOI

Ruitong Zhu,

Donghao Cui,

Dezhou Cao

et al.

ACS Materials Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 668 - 674

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

A major challenge in developing smart micromachines that can mimic natural microorganisms is their ability to adapt changing environments. This study presents a matchstick-shaped microrotor consisting of TiO2 head and SiO2 tail, with one side coated by PtO. The provides photochemical propulsion under UV light, while the PtO coating chemical H2O2. rotates because its asymmetric structure uneven forces. Notably, stronger rotor orbits tighter circles as engine counteracts engine, two engines located on opposite sides center mass. Additionally, microrotors shorter tails moved smaller were more sensitive changes light intensity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Anticoagulation Colloidal Microrobots Based on Heparin-Mimicking Polymers DOI
Huanhuan Wang, Huaguang Wang, Xiaoli Liu

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Anisotropic Surface Microrollers for Endovascular Navigation: A Computational Analysis with a Case Study in Hepatic Perfusion DOI Creative Commons
Burak Arslan, Ugur Bozuyuk, Kıvanç Görgülü

et al.

Advanced Theory and Simulations, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 6, 2025

Abstract Magnetic surface microrollers have demonstrated promise as active drug delivery agents for targeted and minimally invasive disease treatment. Specifically, it can be employed in the circulatory system to locally release therapeutic at sites, minimizing systemic exposure reducing side effects, particularly treatment of diseases like cancer. Previous research indicates that design shape play a crucial role safe navigation within blood vessels, with anisotropic exhibiting superiority due favorable hydrodynamic interactions nearby boundaries. In this study, potential is investigated veins, venules, capillaries through computational fluid dynamics analyses. These results indicate robust locomotion only achievable larger such veins. Subsequently, their performance explored clinically relevant scenario – hepatic circulation toward treating primary liver cancer or metastatic nodes distant tumors (e.g., pancreatic cancer). Computational analyses using data from five different patients demonstrate achieved high actuation frequencies. Overall, findings presented study lay preliminary foundation future application vivo.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Acoustic percolation switches enable targeted drug delivery controlled by diagnostic ultrasound DOI Creative Commons
Maria Paulene Abundo, Anna T. Tifrea, Marjorie T. Buss

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(20)

Published: May 14, 2025

Delivering biomedicines to specific sites of disease using remote-controlled devices is a long-standing vision in biomedical research. However, most existing externally triggered delivery systems are based on complex micromachines that controlled with electromagnetic waves and require custom external instrumentation. Here, we present drug platform simple protein-containing hydrogel can be both imaged release drugs at locations widely available diagnostic ultrasound devices. This technology the addition air-filled protein nanostructures called gas vesicles (GVs) vehicles. While intact, GVs sterically block payloads allow vehicle ultrasound. An increase pressure causes collapse within vehicles desired anatomical location, instantly creating percolation channels hydrogel, massively increasing diffusivity, leading rapid release. Unlike previous ultrasound-actuated approaches, imaging performed probe ubiquitously clinical settings. We implement this concept by quantifying ultrasound-controlled diffusion vitro demonstrating image-guided vivo gastrointestinal (GI) tract following oral administration. further validate it deliver anti-inflammatory antibodies effectively treat rat model colitis. Targeted acoustic switches (TAPS) open conduit for local, formulation commonplace equipment.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Micro/Nanorobots for Advanced Light‐Based Biosensing and Imaging DOI Creative Commons

Aparna Neettiyath,

Martin Pumera

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 6, 2024

Abstract Sensing and imaging of biomolecules are crucial to disease diagnosis, prognosis, therapy where optical techniques have essential utility. Untethered remotely controlled micro/nanorobots shown promising sensing capabilities, especially in complex biological environments. In this review, how used for biosensing while highlighting the significant developments field is discussed. Starting done by exploring colorimetric methods enabled micro/nanorobots. Significant advancements surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy‐integrated reviewed. Further, state‐of‐the‐art bio‐imaging applications at vitro intracellular level highlighted. Novel vivo assisted micro/nanorobot sensors examined. Furthermore, innovations assessed motion augmentation as a detection mechanism, with point‐of‐care molecular diagnostics. Finally, challenges associated micro/nanorobots‐assisted advanced discussing insights about potential research directions rapidly progressing summarized.

Language: Английский

Citations

3