Anode‐Free Alkali Metal Batteries: From Laboratory to Practicability

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(44)

Published: May 19, 2024

Abstract Anode‐free alkali metal batteries (AFAMBs) are regarded as the most promising candidates for next‐generation high‐energy systems owing to their high safety, energy density, and low cost. However, restricted supply at cathode, severe dendrite growth, unstable electrode‐electrolyte interface result in Coulombic efficiency severely short cycle life. The optimization strategies mainly based on laboratory‐level coin cells, but effectiveness practical‐level is rarely discussed. This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent developments challenges AFAMBs from laboratory toward practicability. First, advances, major challenges, systematically summarized. More significantly, given vast differences battery structures operating conditions, gap between particularly emphasized this review. In addition, failure mechanisms have been outlined key parameters affecting performance identified. Finally, insightful perspectives practical presented, aiming provide helpful guidance subsequent basic research promote large‐scale commercial applications AFAMBs.

Language: Английский

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In‐Depth Understanding of Interfacial Na⁺ Behaviors in Sodium Metal Anode: Migration, Desolvation, and Deposition

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(41)

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Abstract Interfacial Na + behaviors of sodium (Na) anode severely threaten the stability sodium‐metal batteries (SMBs). This review systematically and in‐depth discusses current fundamental understanding interfacial in SMBs including migration, desolvation, diffusion, nucleation, deposition. The key influencing factors optimization strategies these are further summarized discussed. More importantly, high‐energy‐density anode‐free metal (AFSMBs) highlighted by addressing issues areas limited sources irreversible loss. Simultaneously, recent advanced characterization techniques for deeper insights into deposition behavior composition information SEI film spotlighted to provide guidance advancement AFSMBs. Finally, prominent perspectives presented guide promote development

Language: Английский

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Topological Design of Highly Conductive Weakly Solvating Electrolytes for Ultrastable Sodium Metal Batteries Operating at −60 °C and Below

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Weakly solvating electrolytes (WSE) can favor reversible Na batteries at -40 °C for some extreme applications because of the low desolvation energy. However, it is challenging to enable lower temperatures. Herein, we uncover that ionic conductivity WSE reduces reaction kinetics -60 °C. Accordingly, a highly conductive weakly electrolyte (HCWSE) designed by introducing additives strongly solvents and dilution NaPF6. The additive dominate solvation sheath, increase dissociation NaPF6 fluidity electrolyte, thus greatly improve conductivity. Furthermore, binding energy between Na+ proposed as descriptor determine power solvents, based on which series ultralow-temperature HCWSEs have been topologically facilely strong-solvation ether into weak-solvation solvents. As demonstration, HCWSE showcases long cycling Na||Na cell with an overpotential 42 mV under 1 mA cm-2 1200 h. Na||NNFM (Na0.75Ni0.25Fe0.25Mn0.5O2) exhibits capacity 79.2 mAh g-1 after 160 cycles. cells also achieve impressive performances -70

Language: Английский

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Temperature-Robust Solvation Enabled by Solvent Interactions for Low-Temperature Sodium Metal Batteries

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

The broad temperature adaptability associated with the desolvation process remains a formidable challenge for organic electrolytes in rechargeable metal batteries, especially under low-temperature (LT) conditions. Although traditional approach involves utilizing high degree of anion participation solvation structure, known as weakly (WSEs), structure these is highly susceptible to fluctuations, potentially undermining their LT performance. To address this limitation, we have devised an innovative electrolyte that harnesses interplay between solvent molecules, effectively blending strong and weak solvents while incorporating mostly unchanged by variations. Remarkably, competitive coordination two molecules introduces local disorder, which not only boosts ionic conductivity but also prevents salt precipitation solidification. Therefore, has 3.12 mS cm-1 at -40 °C. Na3V2(PO4)3||Na cells demonstrated reversible capacity 95.9 mAh g-1 °C, 87.6% room temperature, well stable cycling 3400 cycles retention 98.2% -20 °C 5 C 600 96.1% 1 C. This study provides new perspective on designing regulating temperature-robust structures.

Language: Английский

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Bioinspired gel polymer electrolyte for wide temperature lithium metal battery

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 12, 2025

Stable operation of Li metal batteries with gel polymer electrolytes in a wide temperature range is highly expected. However, insufficient dynamics ion transport and unstable electrolyte-electrode interfaces at extreme temperatures greatly hinder their practical applications. We report bioinspired electrolyte that enables high-energy-density to work stably from –30 80 °C. The wide-temperature fabricated by using branched which side chains are double coupled asymmetric analogues. dipole coupling regulates the Li+ coordination environment form weak solvation structure offers fast uniform deposition temperatures. Consequently, non-flammable displays an ionic conductivity 1.03 × 10–4 S cm−1 –40 °C transference number 0.83. LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 positive electrode deliver initial specific discharge capacities 121.4 mAh g–1 172.2 °C, corresponding currents 18.8 mA 188 g–1, respectively. Additionally, pouch cell delivers energy up 490.8 Wh kg−1. Lithium-metal struggle environments, restricting Here, authors employs structure, enabling stable lithium-metal −30

Language: Английский

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Sole‐Solvent High‐Entropy Electrolyte Realizes Wide‐Temperature and High‐Voltage Practical Anode‐Free Sodium Pouch Cells

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Abstract Anode‐free sodium batteries (AFSBs) hold great promise for high‐density energy storage. However, high‐voltage AFSBs, especially those can stably cycle at a wide temperature range are challenging due to the poor electrolyte compatibility toward both cathode and anode. Herein, AFSBs with cycling ability in (−20–60 °C) realized first time via sole‐solvent high‐entropy based on diethylene glycol dibutyl ether solvent (D2) NaPF 6 salt. The unique solvent‐ions effect of strong anion interaction weak cation solvation enables entropy‐driven salt disassociation high‐concentration contact ion pairs, thus simultaneously forming stable anion‐derived electrode–electrolyte interphases Moreover, liquid D2 further extends extremes battery. Consequently, ampere‐hour (Ah)‐level anode‐free pouch cells cyclability −20–60 °C realized. Impressively, cell achieves leadingly high cell‐level density 209 Wh kg −1 capacity retention 83.1% after 100 cycles 25 °C. This work provides inspirations designing advanced electrolytes practical AFSBs.

Language: Английский

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A Temperature‐Adapted Ultraweakly Solvating Electrolyte for Cold‐Resistant Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

Abstract Sodium‐ion batteries are applied to cold‐resistant energy storage hindered by phase transitions and sluggish Na + migration of traditional carbonate‐based electrolytes at low temperatures. The desolvation is a crucial step in impeding the transport , which primarily attributes robust solvent coordination . Herein, low‐temperature adaptive electrolyte with an ultraweakly coordinated 1,3‐dioxolane (DOL) designed for constructing anion‐rich solvation structure diglyme (G2)‐based electrolyte. electronegativity oxygen atoms G2 attenuated dipole‐dipole interaction between DOL G2. As temperature drops, weakened ‒O (G2) leads increased anionic less coordination, facilitating This anionic‐enhanced contributes formation stable solid interface hard carbon (HC) anode, accelerates diminishing voltage polarization Consequently, HC anode can retain high capacity 203.9 mAh g ‒1 (1 C) ‒50 °C, pouch cell composed HC||Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) ‒30 °C achieves retention 92.43% after 100 cycles 0.1 C. strategy guides design ultra‐low broadens range applications sodium‐ion batteries.

Language: Английский

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Electrospun Ti₃C₂ MXene Fiber‐Decorated Interlayer for Synchronous Sulfur Activation and Lithium Stabilization

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Abstract Concurrent regulation of sulfur redox kinetics and lithium deposition homogeneity is a key prerequisite for achieving high‐performance lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. To this end, rational design dual‐functional interlayers recognized as feasible yet promising approach. Herein, few‐layered Ti 3 C 2 MXene flakes are uniformly decorated into the porous carbon nanofiber film via straightforward electrostatic spinning technique, wherein content fine‐tuned to maximum utilization stabilize anode. For one thing, it revealed by synchrotron radiation X‐ray three‐dimensional nano‐computed tomography that MXene‐decorated fiber can expedite polysulfide conversion induce favorable Li S nucleation. another, small‐angle neutron scattering evidence substantiates abundant lithiophilic sites conducive homogenizing Li‐ion flux promoting during cycling procedure. As consequence, Li–S batteries maintain stable operation at 2.0 over 1000 cycles with low‐capacity degeneration rate 0.057% per cycle, accompanied superior areal capacity 7.5 mAh cm −2 when loading increased 9.5 mg . More encouragingly, as‐assembled multi‐layer pouch cell deliver an impressive energy density 342.3 Wh kg −1 smooth cyclic operation.

Language: Английский

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Weakly anion-driven solvation towards stable operation of carbonate ester-based sodium metal batteries at − 40°C

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 162150 - 162150

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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An Anode-Free Sodium Dual-ion Battery

Energy storage materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 103480 - 103480

Published: May 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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