The oncobiome; what, so what, now what?

Microbiome Research Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Microbial communities inhabiting various body sites play critical roles in the initiation, progression, and treatment of cancer. The gut microbiota, a highly diverse microbial ecosystem, interacts with immune cells to modulate inflammation surveillance, influencing cancer risk therapeutic outcomes. Local tissue microbiota may impact transition from premalignant states malignancy. Characterization intratumoral increasingly reveals distinct microbiomes that influence tumor growth, responses, efficacy. Various bacteria species have been reported therapies through mechanisms such as altering drug metabolism shaping microenvironment (TME). For instance, or bacterial enzymatic activity can convert prodrugs into active forms, enhancing effects or, conversely, inactivating small-molecule chemotherapeutics. Specific also linked improved responses immunotherapy, underscoring microbiome’s role Furthermore, unique signatures patients, compared healthy individuals, demonstrate diagnostic potential microbiota. Beyond gut, tumor-associated local affect therapy by inflammation, resistance. This review explores multifaceted relationships between cancer, focusing on their modulating TME, activation, members represents promising avenue for advancing precision oncology improving patient By leveraging biomarkers interventions, new strategies be developed optimize diagnosis treatment.

Language: Английский

Bioinspired micro‐ and nanostructured systems for cancer therapy

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(12)

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

Abstract Numerous organisms in nature have demonstrated enhanced biocompatibility, precise tumor targeting capabilities, and efficient tissue traversal within the human body. Drawing inspiration from these organisms, researchers employed bioengineering, bioconjugation, micro‐ or nanotechnology to fabricate bioinspired nanostructured systems. These systems play a crucial role addressing limitations of conventional anticancer drugs nanomaterials concerning effective penetration physiological barriers, as well selective targeting, thereby leading improved therapeutic efficacy while minimizing nonspecific adverse effects on healthy cells. Consequently, extensive exploration has been undertaken across various cancer treatment modalities with some progressing into preclinical clinical stages. However, our understanding this field remains limited which may impede research progress, translation efforts, practical applications. Therefore, study presents systematic classification for therapy that comprehensively elucidates their sources design principles. Furthermore, it extensively discusses current status efforts identifying prevailing challenges exploring future prospects. This work will establish robust theoretical framework serve valuable reference facilitate advancements application field.

Language: Английский