Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 13, 2024
Abstract
Inorganic
metal
oxides
and
salts
are
widely
employed
as
hole‐transporting
layers
(HTLs)
in
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs)
due
to
their
advantages
of
low
cost
facile
preparation.
However,
issues
such
severe
agglomeration
can
negatively
impact
film
quality,
leading
reduced
reproducibility
device
stability.
To
address
these
challenges,
this
work
reports
the
synthesis
a
vanadium
trichloride‐benzene
tricarboxylic
acid
(BTC)
complex
(denoted
VB)
via
sol‐gel
process
under
mild
conditions
(60
°C
annealing).
The
VB
demonstrates
well‐aligned
energy
levels
enhanced
conductivity
when
integrated
with
PM6:L8‐BO
active
layer.
Consequently,
binary
OSCs
incorporating
HTL
achieve
high‐power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
up
19.60%.
Notably,
processing
technique
offers
versatile
approach
for
fabrication
metal‐organic
complex,
resulting
uniform
dense
film.
robust
coordination
network
structure
endows
VB‐based
exceptional
thermal
stability,
evidenced
by
T
80
(PCE
retention
80%
initial
value)
lifetime
5142
h,
which
is
among
best
performances
reported
state‐of‐the‐art
OSCs.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 6, 2024
Abstract
Recently,
the
inverted
CsPbI
3
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
have
attracted
extensive
attentions
due
to
their
potential
combine
with
silicon
for
tandem
devices
theoretical
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
of
44%.
However,
reported
self‐assembled
molecules
(SAMs)
as
hole
selected
layer
PSCs
poor
wettability
and
serious
agglomeration,
which
greatly
limits
stability
PSCs.
To
address
above
problem,
niobium
pentachloride
(NCL)
is
applied
prevent
SAMs
agglomeration
a
homogenous
film
hydrophilic
surface.
The
optimized
surface
facilitates
deposition
cesium
lead
triiodide
(CsPbI
)film
an
enhanced
referred
orientation,
suppressed
defects,
released
stress.
Consequently,
NCL‐treated
achieved
champion
PCE
21.24%,
highest
value
all‐inorganic
device
maintained
97.61%
initial
after
1000
h
storage
in
air,
92.27%
tracking
at
maximum
point
(MPP).
Advanced Energy Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 5, 2025
Abstract
The
interfaces
of
each
layer
in
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
have
a
significant
impact
on
the
charge
transfer
and
recombination.
Especially,
interface
between
hole
transport
(HTL)
p‐i‐n
type
PSCs
significantly
affects
contact
characteristics
HTL
perovskite,
hindering
further
improvements
performance
stability.
Herein,
small
molecule
9‐Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl
chloride
(9‐YT)
is
introduced
as
bridge
for
PSCs,
which
enhances
interaction
self‐assembly
molecules
(SAMs)
perovskite.
conjugated
backbone
9‐YT
can
interact
with
SAM
(MeO‐2PACz)
by
π–π
stacking
reaction.
Moreover,
also
improves
interfacial
through
strong
interactions
where
carbonyl
groups
Cl
atoms
uncoordinated
Pb
2+
layer.
incorporation
demonstrated
to
markedly
enhance
extraction
at
perovskite/hole
interface,
optimize
energy
level
alignment,
mitigate
recombination,
passivate
defects
Finally,
device
treated
achieves
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
24.82%.
At
same
time,
still
maintain
92.6%
original
PCE
after
long‐term
stability
test
1200
h.
Over
the
past
decade,
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs)
have
made
noticeable
progress
in
photovoltaic
performance
thanks
to
emergence
of
electron
acceptors
capable
intramolecular
charge
transfer,
namely,
nonfullerene
small
molecules.
OSCs
continue
gain
momentum
by
employing
self-assembled
monolayers
(SAMs)
as
transport
layers,
particularly
those
involving
conjugated
system
their
functional
groups
and/or
spacers.
This
review
provides
an
overview
SAMs,
covering
molecular
designs,
fabrication
methods,
and
various
functions
OSCs.
Additionally,
it
highlights
currents
issues
surrounding
along
with
efforts
address
them
future
perspectives.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
29(21), P. 5035 - 5035
Published: Oct. 25, 2024
Carbazole-based
molecules
play
a
significant
role
in
dye-sensitized
solar
cells
(DSSCs)
due
to
their
advantageous
properties.
Carbazole
derivatives
are
known
for
thermal
stability,
high
hole-transport
capability,
electron-rich
(p-type)
characteristics,
elevated
photoconductivity,
excellent
chemical
and
commercial
availability.
This
review
focuses
on
DSSCs,
including
structures,
working
principles,
device
characterization,
the
photovoltaic
performance
of
carbazole-based
derivatives.
Specifically,
it
covers
compounds
such
as
2,7-carbazole
indolo[3,2-b]carbazole,
which
combined
with
various
acceptors
like
benzothiadiazole,
thiazolothiazole,
diketopyrrolopyrrole,
quinoxaline,
reported
over
past
decade.
The
will
also
outline
relationship
between
molecular
structure
power-conversion
efficiencies.
Its
goal
is
summarize
recent
research
advancements
dyes
featuring
D-π-A
architecture
DSSCs.
Additionally,
this
addresses
evolution
materials
(HTMs),
present
promising
alternative
costly
spiro-OMeTAD.
We
explore
development
novel
HTMs
that
leverage
unique
properties
carbazole
enhance
charge
transport,
overall
performance.
By
examining
innovations
emerging
trends
HTMs,
we
provide
insights
into
potential
reduce
costs
improve
efficiency
Advanced Energy Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 29, 2024
Abstract
The
study
designs
and
synthesizes
non‐planar,
propeller‐shaped
hexaarylbenzene‐type
(HAB)
compound
K5‐36
hexa‐
peri
‐hexabenzocoronene
(HBC)‐based
K5‐13
(with
a
cyclized
core),
as
cost‐effective
high‐yielding
hole
selective
layers
(HSLs)
for
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSC).
Using
p–i–n
device
structure
with
ITO/4PADCB/HAB
or
HBC
without)/perovskite/PDADI/PC
61
BM/BCP/Ag,
the
interaction
is
investigated
between
synthesized
materials
self‐assembled
monolayer
(4PADCB)
elucidating
mechanisms
influencing
growth
of
wide
bandgap
Cs
0.18
FA
0.82
Pb(I
0.8
Br
0.2
)
3
perovskite.
facilitates
films
larger
grains
lower
defect
density,
while
promoting
energy
level
alignment
at
HSL/perovskite
interface.
These
modifications
effectively
suppressed
non‐radiative
recombination,
resulting
in
higher
open‐circuit
voltage
1.2V
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
exceeding
20%
under
AM
1.5G
conditions.
Under
3000K
LED
(1000
lux)
illumination,
PCE
4PADCB/
‐based
PSCs
significantly
increased
from
38.02
±
0.38%
(4PADCB
PSC)
to
41.80
0.57%.
Moreover,
incorporating
‐
demonstrate
exceptional
stability,
retaining
≈88.5%
98.2%
their
initial
after
70
days
storage
glove
box.
findings
highlight
potential
polyarene‐based
HSLs
promising
approach
improving
PSC
stability.
Frontiers in Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
Perovskite
solar
cells
(PVSCs)
show
remarkable
potential
due
to
their
high-power
conversion
efficiencies
and
scalability.
However,
challenges
related
stability
long-term
performance
remain
significant.
Self-assembled
monolayers
(SAMs)
have
emerged
as
a
crucial
solution,
enhancing
interfacial
properties,
facilitating
hole
extraction,
minimizing
non-radiative
recombination.
This
review
examines
recent
advancements
in
SAMs
for
PVSCs,
focusing
on
three
key
areas:
anchoring
groups
interface
engineering,
electronic
structure
modulation
well
band
alignment,
optimization.
We
emphasize
the
role
of
reducing
defects
improving
crystallinity,
alongside
ability
fine-tune
energy
levels
more
effective
extraction.
Additionally,
co-adsorbed
SAM
strategies
was
discussed
which
can
enhance
durability
PVSCs
against
thermal
moisture
degradation.
Overall,
present
promising
avenue
addressing
both
efficiency
paving
way
toward
commercial
viability.
Future
research
should
prioritize
environmental
scaling
up
applications
industrial
implementation.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 10, 2025
Abstract
Carbazole‐derived
self‐assembled
monolayers
(SAMs)
are
extensively
employed
as
effective
hole‐extracting
layer
(HEL)
in
organic
photovoltaics
(OPVs)
for
enhancing
interfacial
modification
and
carrier
extraction.
Despite
their
utility,
the
performance
of
these
SAMs
is
significantly
influenced
by
length
alkyl
linker
commonly
used,
electron‐rich
carbazole
moiety
susceptible
to
photo‐oxidation,
which
compromises
stability
devices.
In
this
study,
a
novel
SAM
introduced,
utilizing
rigid
phenyl
place
conventional
flexible
linker.
This
molecular
design
fosters
more
dense
orderly
packing
facilitates
electron
delocalization
unit,
thereby
both
charge
extraction
photo/electrochemical
SAM.
The
improvements
at
level
have
been
effectively
translated
device
level,
realizing
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
19.70%
notable
operational
(T
80
over
1100
h)
resultant
OPV
Crucially,
includes
enhanced
resistance
ultraviolet
irradiation.
These
results
underscore
significance
developing
SAM‐based
HELs
optimize
OPVs.
