Journal of Materials Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Abstract
As
the
demand
for
sustainable
energy
solutions
grows,
developing
efficient
conversion
and
storage
technologies,
such
as
fuel
cells
metal-air
batteries,
is
vital.
Oxygen
Reduction
Reaction
(ORR)
a
significant
limitation
in
electrochemical
systems
due
to
its
slower
kinetics.
Although
Pt-based
catalysts
are
commonly
used
address
this
challenge,
their
high
cost
suboptimal
performance
remain
obstacles
further
development.
This
review
offers
comprehensive
overview
of
advanced
support
materials
aimed
at
improving
efficiency,
durability,
cost-effectiveness
catalysts.
By
examining
range
materials,
including
mesoporous
carbon,
graphene,
carbon
nanotubes,
metal
oxides,
clarifies
relationship
between
structural
properties
these
supports
influence
on
ORR
performance.
Additionally,
it
discusses
fundamental
characteristics
practical
applications
cells,
explores
potential
future
directions
optimizing
advance
technologies.
Future
research
could
focus
nano-engineering
composite
material
development
unlock
full
catalysts,
significantly
enhancing
economic
viability
applications.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 16, 2025
Abstract
Tailoring
the
electronic
structure
of
later
transition
metal‐based
electrocatalysts
by
incorporating
early
metal
based
on
complementary
effect
is
anticipated
to
enhance
electrocatalytic
activity.
Herein,
modulation
Fe
3
C
through
utilization
Mo
2
promote
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR)
activity
reported.
In
situ
characterizations
combined
with
theoretical
calculations
reveal
that
electron‐donating
capability
molybdenum
in
active
center
iron
optimizes
adsorption
and
activation
oxygen.
Concurrently,
d‐band
much
closer
Fermi
level,
which
reduces
energy
barrier
for
rate‐determining
step
(
*
OOH
→
O),
thereby
enhancing
ORR
alkaline
media,
catalyst
delivers
a
half‐wave
potential
E
1/2
)
0.89
V
maintains
its
efficiency
mere
8
mV
decay
after
10
000
cycles,
surpassing
Pt/C.
Moreover,
it
can
serve
as
an
air
cathode
both
liquid‐state
all‐solid‐state
zinc‐air
batteries
(ZABs)
shows
promising
applications
portable
devices.
This
work
brings
innovative
design
concept
highly
efficient
suitable
advanced
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 10, 2025
High-entropy
materials
are
poised
to
revolutionize
science
and
industrial
applications
due
their
design
flexibility,
peculiar
performance,
broad
applicability.
In
this
study,
we
present
a
proof-of-concept
high-entropy
engineered
nanocarbon
(HENC)
co-doped
with
five
nonmetal
elements
(B,
F,
P,
S,
N),
synthesized
via
in
situ
polymerization
modification
of
ZIF-8
followed
by
pyrolysis.
The
HENC
exhibits
outstanding
performance
as
electrocatalyst
for
the
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR),
activity
on
par
benchmark
Pt/C
electrocatalysts
superior
cyclic
stability.
Simulations
all-site
calculations
reveal
that
synergistic
effects
abundant
heteroatoms
increased
system
entropy
facilitate
formation
*O2
species,
N,
S
acting
key
active
elements,
while
co-doping
B
F
further
enhances
Notably,
HENCs
have
been
validated
cathode
catalysts
zinc-air
batteries,
achieving
an
impressive
peak
power
density
604
mW
cm-2
demonstrating
long-term
stability
over
16-day
period,
outpacing
commercial
catalyst
(542
cm-2).
This
work
not
only
enriches
concept
high
advances
understanding
but
also
opens
new
avenue
development
high-performance
low-cost
catalysts.
Small,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 10, 2025
Abstract
Modulating
the
coordination
environment
of
active
centers
has
been
proven
to
be
an
effective
strategy
for
tuning
activity
and
selectivity
single‐atom
catalysts
(SACs).
However,
most
current
research
primarily
focuses
on
altering
non‐metallic
elements
coordinating
with
single
metal
atom.
In
this
study,
a
novel
approach
is
presented
by
introducing
various
vacancies
into
first
shell
doped
boron–carbon–nitride
(BCN)
catalysts,
systematically
evaluating
their
hydrogen
evolution
(HER)
oxygen
(OER)
reactions
performances.
Results
indicate
that
introduction
vacancy
defects
enhances
stability
M‐B
X
C
Y
N
Z
structures.
Furthermore,
adjusting
atoms
around
sites
modulates
charge
distribution,
influencing
binding
propensity
intermediates
adsorption
promoting
synergistic
effects
between
nonmetal,
thereby
catalytic
activity.
Specifically,
among
147
‐vacancy
structures,
17
excellent
HER
performance
have
identified.
Notably,
C‐vacancy
modulated
Ni‐BC
2
exhibits
OER
overpotential
only
0.36V,
suggesting
N‐C1
may
serve
as
efficient
multifunctional
electrocatalyst
water‐splitting
reactions.
This
work
employs
engineering
precisely
modulate
not
screening
out
HER/OER
electrocatalysts
but
also
providing
guidance
development
potential
BCN‐based
electrocatalysts.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 3, 2025
Abstract
Fe
single‐atom
on
N‐doped
carbon
(FeN‐C)
catalysts
emerge
as
promising
alternatives
to
commercial
Pt/C
for
the
oxygen
reduction
reaction.
Heterogeneous
atom
doping
is
proposed
be
effective
modulating
catalyst
performance.
Despite
this,
relationship
between
fine
coordination
structure
of
doped
atoms
and
catalytic
activity
central
metal
site
remains
poorly
understood.
Herein,
with
S
in
either
first
shell
(FeSN–C)
or
second
(FeN–SC)
active
are
synthesized
compare
effects
different
structure.
FeN–SC
exhibits
prominent
performance
a
half‐wave
potential
0.92
V
rotating
disk
electrode
peak
power
density
251
mW
cm
−2
zinc–air
battery.
Theoretical
studies
reveal
that
effectively
modulates
electronic
charge
transfer
at
center.
Compared
directly
coordinated
within
shell,
located
more
optimizing
adsorption
desorption
energy
barriers
oxygen‐containing
intermediates
sites.
This
study
provides
new
strategy
adjust
by
engineering
multilayer
center
catalyst.
Angewandte Chemie,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 10, 2025
Abstract
High‐entropy
materials
are
poised
to
revolutionize
science
and
industrial
applications
due
their
design
flexibility,
peculiar
performance,
broad
applicability.
In
this
study,
we
present
a
proof‐of‐concept
high‐entropy
engineered
nanocarbon
(HENC)
co‐doped
with
five
nonmetal
elements
(B,
F,
P,
S,
N),
synthesized
via
in
situ
polymerization
modification
of
ZIF‐8
followed
by
pyrolysis.
The
HENC
exhibits
outstanding
performance
as
electrocatalyst
for
the
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR),
activity
on
par
benchmark
Pt/C
electrocatalysts
superior
cyclic
stability.
Simulations
all‐site
calculations
reveal
that
synergistic
effects
abundant
heteroatoms
increased
system
entropy
facilitate
formation
*O
2
species,
N,
S
acting
key
active
elements,
while
co‐doping
B
F
further
enhances
Notably,
HENCs
have
been
validated
cathode
catalysts
zinc–air
batteries,
achieving
an
impressive
peak
power
density
604
mW
cm
−2
demonstrating
long‐term
stability
over
16‐day
period,
outpacing
commercial
catalyst
(542
).
This
work
not
only
enriches
concept
high
advances
understanding
but
also
opens
new
avenue
development
high‐performance
low‐cost
catalysts.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 23, 2025
Abstract
Oxygen
reduction
reaction
plays
a
crucial
role
in
energy‐related
devices.
However,
four‐electron
transfer
process
involved
this
is
usually
constrained
by
sluggish
kinetics.
Single
atomic
(SA)
Fe
catalysts
have
attracted
extensive
attention
due
to
the
high
atom
utilization,
yet
impact
of
support
architecture
on
accelerating
has
been
largely
overlooked.
Inspired
edge‐rich
and
ordered
tile
that
facilitates
rainwater
runoff,
an
orderly
stacked
“tile”
carbon
with
highly
dispersed
SA
doped
S
prepared
through
morphology‐persistent
conversion
new
metal–organic
framework
assembly.
The
catalyst
exhibits
higher
half‐wave
potential
0.91
V
0.1
M
KOH,
when
compared
Pt/C
atoms
lamellar
carbon.
This
because
kinetics
accelerated
while
weakens
Fe–O
interaction,
decreases
*OH
binding
strength.
Importantly,
catalyst,
working
at
air
cathodes,
powers
liquid
solid‐state
Zn–air
batteries
show
high‐power
density
remarkable
stability,
can
effectively
charge
mobile
phone.
work
not
only
provides
effective
but
also
highlights
importance
for
developing
advanced
catalysts.
