A recyclable type‐I photosensitizer to enable red‐light‐driven gram‐scale aerobic photocatalysis DOI Creative Commons

Shirong Yan,

Lu Qiao, Lei Chen

et al.

Smart Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 4, 2025

Abstract Developing metal‐free, purely organic photocatalysts with high recyclability and the ability to utilize red light yield specific reactive oxygen species for aerobic photocatalysis is both crucial challenging in current research. Herein, we first found that a type‐I photosensitizer, EtNBS‐H , can achieve red‐light‐driven remarkable catalytic performance facile recoverability. Upon irradiation light, exclusively generates O 2 −• enabling efficient hydroxylation of arylboronic acids, oxidization thioethers other substrates conversion exceeding 99%. Significantly, stands out its simple recovery reuse through pH‐tunable acid‐base reaction. This allows attainment high‐purity products extraction, enables retrieval photocatalyst from reaction medium subsequent an average rate 94%. Moreover, utilizing as scale‐up reaction, gram‐scale >95% purity >99% were obtained, highlighting potential guidance developing recyclable harness light. work offers promising approach sustainable large‐scale photocatalytic synthesis.

Language: Английский

Recent Progress of Molecular Design in Organic Type I Photosensitizers DOI
Tao Xiong, Yingchao Chen, Mingle Li

et al.

Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 26, 2025

Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a high‐efficient and non‐invasive therapeutic modality for current future tumor treatments, drawing extensive attention in the fields of antitumor drug clinical phototherapy. In recent years, photosensitizer (PS) market PDT applications have expanded to address various cancers skin diseases. However, hypoxic environment within tumors poses substantial challenge capability reactive oxygen species‐dependent PDT. Consequently, researches increasingly focus from type II I mechanism, which relies on radical production with less or no dependence. Despite significant progress development PSs, holistic understanding regarding design principles these molecules remains elusive. Specifically, electron transfer‐mediated are extensively studied years but is insufficiently addressed existing reviews. This review systematically summarizes advancements molecular rationales organic categorizing them into three key fundamental strategies: modulating PS charge distribution, singlet forbidden via low triplet excited state, accelerating formation inducing transfer. aims offer valuable insights advancement anti‐hypoxia

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Spin Manipulation Engineering of Photodynamic Intermediates: Magnetic Amplification of Oxyradicals Generation for Enhanced Antitumor Phototherapeutic Efficacy DOI

Jie Lu,

Jun‐Ying Ding,

Zhuoran Xia

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 13, 2025

Improving the photosensitization efficiency represents a critical challenge in photodynamic therapy (PDT) research. While cyanines exhibit potential as photosensitizers (PSs) due to their large extinction coefficients and excellent biocompatibility, inherent limitations intersystem crossing severely affect therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we proposed bottom-up magnetically enhanced (magneto-PDT) paradigm employing fluorobenzene-substituted pentamethine cyanine type-I reactive oxygen species generators. Based on radical pair mechanism magnetic field effect, notable difference g-factors (Δg) between PSs oxyradicals enabled responsive amplification of Cy5-3,4,5-3F-mediated hydroxyl (•OH) superoxide anion (O2•-) production, achieving maximum yield enhancements 66.9 28.0% respectively at 500 mT. This augmented generation exhibited universal cytotoxicity superiority over conventional PDT protocols various cancer cell models. Notably, semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells demonstrated remarkable reduction under both normoxic hypoxic conditions, with most pronounced decrease observed normoxia from 0.91 μM (PDT alone) 0.38 (magneto-PDT). The significantly magneto-enhanced performance effectively inhibited orthotopic tumor growth. magneto-PDT established novel strategy for manipulating spin-dependent processes biological applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Pyrazolone-Modified Photosensitizers for Precise Cell Membrane Rupture to Enhance Cancer Immunotherapy DOI
Yingchao Chen, Tao Xiong,

Mingrui Gu

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 15, 2025

The advancement of immunotherapy aims to achieve complete tumor eradication. However, several critical challenges hinder the efficacy conventional phototherapy-mediated immune responses, including insufficient immunogenicity and presence an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Nonprogrammed cell death, as a highly immunogenic pathway, offers promising strategy enhance responses. Herein, membrane-anchored photodynamic agent, PNBSe, was developed by conjugating selenium-substituted benzophenothiazine photosensitizer with pyrazolone group, enabling membrane targeting via pyrazolone-protein interactions. Upon light irradiation, PNBSe induced rapid intense necrosis characterized significant rupture, organelle swelling, content leakage. Further investigations demonstrated that activated inflammatory signaling pathways, reshaped microenvironment, ultimately promoting systemic antitumor responses in vivo. This small molecule provides novel perspective for cancer immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A recyclable type‐I photosensitizer to enable red‐light‐driven gram‐scale aerobic photocatalysis DOI Creative Commons

Shirong Yan,

Lu Qiao, Lei Chen

et al.

Smart Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 4, 2025

Abstract Developing metal‐free, purely organic photocatalysts with high recyclability and the ability to utilize red light yield specific reactive oxygen species for aerobic photocatalysis is both crucial challenging in current research. Herein, we first found that a type‐I photosensitizer, EtNBS‐H , can achieve red‐light‐driven remarkable catalytic performance facile recoverability. Upon irradiation light, exclusively generates O 2 −• enabling efficient hydroxylation of arylboronic acids, oxidization thioethers other substrates conversion exceeding 99%. Significantly, stands out its simple recovery reuse through pH‐tunable acid‐base reaction. This allows attainment high‐purity products extraction, enables retrieval photocatalyst from reaction medium subsequent an average rate 94%. Moreover, utilizing as scale‐up reaction, gram‐scale >95% purity >99% were obtained, highlighting potential guidance developing recyclable harness light. work offers promising approach sustainable large‐scale photocatalytic synthesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

0