Optical Bionanosensors for Sepsis Diagnostics

Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Sepsis is a global health challenge, characterized by dysregulated immune response, leading to organ dysfunction and death. Despite advances in medical care, sepsis continues claim significant toll on human lives, with mortality rates from 10-25% for 30-50% septic shock, making it cause of death worldwide. Current diagnostic methods rely clinical signs, laboratory parameters, or microbial cultures suffer delays inaccuracies. Therefore, there pressing need novel tools that can rapidly accurately identify sepsis. This review highlights biosensor development could ultimately lead faster more accurate diagnostics. The focus nanomaterial-based optical approaches promise rapid diagnostics without the large equipment trained personnel. An overview provided, highlighting potential molecular targets challenges they present assay development. requirements an ideal point-of-care test (POC) are discussed, including speed, simplicity, cost-effectiveness. Different nanomaterials suitable various detection reviewed innovative nanosensors discussed diagnostics, focusing chemical design increase selectivity multiplexing.

Language: Английский

---

Dynamic Tracking of Biological Processes Using Near-Infrared Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 8, 2024

Biological processes are characterized by dynamic and elaborate temporal patterns driven the interplay of genes, proteins, cellular components that crucial for adaptation to changing environments. This complexity spans from molecular organismal scales, necessitating their real-time monitoring tracking unravel active fuel living systems enable early disease detection, personalized medicine, drug development. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), with unique physicochemical optical properties, have emerged as promising tools such processes. perspective highlights key properties SWCNTs make them ideal monitoring. Subsequently, it surveys studies utilizing track biological phenomena across hierarchical levels─from molecules cells, tissues, organs, whole organisms─acknowledging pivotal role in advancing this field. Finally, review outlines challenges future directions, aiming expand frontier using SWCNTs, contributing deeper insights novel applications biomedicine.

Language: Английский

---

Metal-Ion Optical Fingerprinting Sensor Selection via an Analyte Classification and Feature Selection Algorithm

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

Accurate analyte classification remains a significant challenge in sensor technologies. We present the Analyte Classification and Feature Selection Algorithm (ACFSA), computational tool designed to identify optimal combinations from unique fingerprint patterns for classification. applied ACFSA library of peptide-corona-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), developed as near-infrared fluorescent, semiselective fingerprinting set detecting heavy metal ions. Inspired by natural metal-ion complexation sites, each SWCNT this features peptide sequence containing various amino acids binding, revealing diverse optical response ions tested. The was further diversified using different chiralities photochemical modifications coronae. screening data fluorescence 30 resulting SWCNT-peptide sensors five analytes. Through iterative dimensionality reduction rational selection, algorithm identified minimal two-sensor with 0.02% error. final output is thus an classifier that serves pattern selected sensors. peptide-SWCNT system effective proof-of-concept, illustrating potential our platform generally applicable analytes selection other sensor–analyte experiments.

Language: Английский

---

Ratiometric Normalization of Near-Infrared Fluorescence in Defect-Engineered Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Cholesterol Detection

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(42), P. 10425 - 10434

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

Ratiometric probing of analytes presents a substantial advancement in molecular recognition, offering self-calibrating signals that enhance the measurement accuracy and reliability. We present dual-emitting probe based on (6,5) chirality-enriched single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with oxygen defects for cholesterol (Chol) detection using ratiometric fluorescence readouts. The interaction Chol induced significant intensity variations E11 E11* emission peaks defect-induced SWCNTs, giving rise to changes. sensitivity these probes toward water serum was 0.28 ± 0.01 0.72 0.05 μM, respectively, which is comparable common gold standards used clinical samples. By utilizing readouts, our approach enhanced selectivity over numerous competing analytes, including amino acids, sugars, cations, anions, proteins, steroid hormones, surfactants, phospholipids. Mechanistic investigations revealed by defect-integrated SWCNTs facilitated incorporation within micelles formed sodium cholate, surfactant dispersant SWCNT suspension. Oxygen played crucial role directly interacting Chol. This strategy employing dual-peak NIR-emitting as sensors aqueous environments not only enables background-free biologically relevant but also advances biosensing through tailored surface functionalization advanced read-out concepts.

Language: Английский

---

Nanoporous carbon materials: modern production methods and applications

Russian Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 93(9), P. RCR5122 - RCR5122

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

The review presents data on the nomenclature and production methods of most intensively investigated classes nanoporous carbon materials, which are increasingly used in science, medicine, various fields economy. traditional activated carbons, produced by conventional biomass fossil hydrocarbon processing methods, compared with materials obtained using modern synthetic methods. Recommendations given use template synthesis to obtain a controlled nanoporosity. Self-template synthesis, environmentally benign readily available organic salts can be as precursors, is considered promising avenue research. This approach markedly reduces cost carbons allows for preparation specific particle morphology from organometallic precursors. Methods functional ordered architectures micro- mesopores considered, including functionalization doping approaches. A part devoted advanced applications such water treatment, energy hydrogen storage, separation gas mixtures, development catalysts sensors, solution other significant problems. conclusion summarizes experience application identifies problematic issues practical these authors' view further this area science.<br> Bibliography includes 353 references.

Language: Английский

---

3D Tumor-Mimicking Phantom Models for Assessing NIR I/II Nanoparticles in Fluorescence-Guided Surgical Interventions

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

ABSTRACT Fluorescence image-guided surgery (FIGS) offers high spatial resolution and real-time feedback but is limited by shallow tissue penetration autofluorescence from current clinically approved fluorophores. The near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, specifically the NIR-I (700-900 nm) NIR-II (950-1700 nm), addresses these limitations with deeper improved signal-to-noise ratios. However, biological barriers suboptimal optical performance under surgical conditions have hindered clinical translation of NIR-I/II nanoprobes. In vivo mouse models shown promise, do not replicate complex scenarios encountered during real-world surgeries. Existing tissue-mimicking phantoms used to evaluate imaging systems are useful fall short when assessing nanoprobes in environments. These often fail tumor microenvironment, limiting their predictive assessment. To overcome challenges, we propose developing tumor-mimicking phantom (TMPs) that integrate key features, such as tunable cell densities, -like nanoparticle concentrations, biologically relevant factors (pH, enzymes), light absorption components (hemoglobin), scattering (intralipid). TMPs enable more assessments nanoprobes, including profiling, margin delineation, ex thoracic on porcine lungs. can be further modulated closely match profiles tumors. Additionally, 3D bioprinting technology facilitates a high-throughput platform for screening realistic conditions. This approach will identify high-performing probes superior utility, bridging gap between preclinical findings applications, ensuring results extend beyond traditional studies. TOC

Language: Английский

---

Near‐Infrared Fluorescent Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Biosensing

Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

Abstract The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview the recent advancements in biosensing using near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). SWCNTs are cylindrical structures formed by rolling up graphene layer, with their chiral index (n,m) defining diameter and electronic, mechanical, optical properties, making them metallic, semimetallic, or semiconducting. semiconducting variants feature NIR fluorescence, which offers significant advantages for biological imaging sensing due deep tissue penetration minimal background interference. Moreover, highly photostable, demonstrating resistance photobleaching blinking. Owing these unique have been widely used as probes monitoring broad spectrum analytes, ranging from small molecules macromolecules. This review explores photophysics SWCNTs, suitability biosensing, strategies developing effective SWCNT‐based sensors. begins photophysical highlighting relevance followed key technical concepts. Additionally, principles, methods optimizing functionalized diverse approaches also covered. Overall, intends foundational understanding equipping readers knowledge needed explore apply powerful nanomaterials applications.

Language: Английский

---

The Importance of Defects in Controlling the Chemistry of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 5128 - 5139

Published: May 14, 2025

Defects in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) serve as active sites for chemical reactions, enabling selective functionalization and molecular interactions that are otherwise inaccessible pristine SWCNTs. By altering the electronic structure local reactivity, defects play a pivotal role controlling chemistry of SWCNTs, dictating how they interact with external molecules. In this mini-review, we explore defect engineering transforms SWCNTs into platforms transformations, starting photophysical principles governing defect-induced optical transitions. We then examine strategies introducing atomic defects, their influence on fluorescence behavior, facilitating reactions. Additionally, discuss challenges establishing direct correlations between composition both properties. Finally, highlight emerging opportunities defect-engineered sensing, bioimaging, catalysis, emphasizing need rational design to harness full potential.

Language: Английский

---

3D Tumor-Mimicking Phantom Models for Assessing NIR I/II Nanoparticles in Fluorescence-Guided Surgical Interventions

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 16, 2025

Fluorescence image-guided surgery (FIGS) offers high spatial resolution and real-time feedback but is limited by shallow tissue penetration autofluorescence from current clinically approved fluorophores. The near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, specifically the NIR-I (700-900 nm) NIR-II (950-1700 nm), addresses these limitations with deeper improved signal-to-noise ratios. However, biological barriers suboptimal optical performance under surgical conditions have hindered clinical translation of NIR-I/II nanoprobes. In vivo mouse models shown promise, do not replicate complex scenarios encountered during real-world surgeries. Existing tissue-mimicking phantoms used to evaluate imaging systems are useful fall short when assessing nanoprobes in environments. These often fail tumor microenvironment, limiting their predictive assessment. To overcome challenges, we propose developing tumor-mimicking phantom (TMPs) that integrate key features, such as tunable cell densities, vivo-like nanoparticle concentrations, biologically relevant factors (pH, enzymes), light absorption components (hemoglobin), scattering (intralipid). TMPs enable more assessments nanoprobes, including profiling, margin delineation, ex thoracic on porcine lungs. can be further modulated closely match profiles tumors. Additionally, 3D bioprinting technology facilitates a high-throughput platform for screening realistic conditions. This approach will identify high-performing probes superior utility, bridging gap between preclinical findings applications, ensuring results extend beyond traditional studies.

Language: Английский

---

Ultrasensitive and Selective Detection of Dopamine Through Substituent-Regulated Evolution of Quantum Defects

ACS Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 21, 2025

Accurate detection and analysis of biomolecules like dopamine (DA) are vital for monitoring human health, particularly given DA's critical roles in a lot medical disorders such as depression, Parkinson's Alzheimer's diseases, myopia. DA is often found at very low concentrations within certain body fluids, making it challenging yet essential target detection. This study presents an innovative ultrasensitive methodology based on quantum system, characterized by its exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, linearity. By leveraging the unique defect emission from semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) near-infrared II region, our approach effectively detects with high physiologically relevant range nanomolar, limit 1 nM. The sensing system maintains performance phosphate-buffered saline urine environments. interaction between aryldiazonium salts that generates sp3 defects SWCNTs surface, regulated specific substituents benzene ring, dictates sensor's performance, ensuring superior selectivity against biologically molecules. These advancements hold great potential early disease detection, prevention, treatment, marking important advance field biomedical diagnostics nanosensor research.

Language: Английский

---