Phase-change nonlocal metasurfaces for dynamic wave-front manipulation

Physical Review Applied, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Recent advances in nonlocal metasurfaces have enabled unprecedented success shaping the wave front of light with spectral selectivity, offering alternative solutions for many emerging nanophotonics applications. The ability to tune both and spatial properties such a class is highly desirable, but dynamic nonvolatile control remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate active narrowband wave-front manipulation by harnessing quasi-bound states continuum (quasi-BICs) phase-change metasurfaces. proof-of-principle made ${\mathrm{Sb}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ allow nonvolatile, reversible, tunable over switchable response at given wavelength near-infrared regime. design principle mainly builds upon combination geometry phase quasi-BICs tunability meta-atoms tailor resonant wavelengths. By tuning crystallization level through controlling external stimuli, wave-front-shaping functionalities beam steering, one-dimensional, two-dimensional focusing, holographic imaging are achieved exclusively wavelengths, functionally transparent off resonance. This work represents critical advance towards developing an integrated metasurface future augmented virtual reality wearables.

Language: Английский

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Non-Volatile Reconfigurable Silicon Photonics Based on Phase-Change Materials

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 28(3), P. 1 - 17

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

The traditional ways of tuning a silicon photonic network are mainly based on the thermo-optic effect or free carrier dispersion. drawbacks these methods volatile nature and extremely small change in complex refractive index (Δn<0.001). In order to achieve low energy consumption smaller footprint for applications such as memories, optical computing, programmable gate array, neural network, it is essential that two states system exhibit high contrast remain non-volatile. Phase materials (PCMs) Ge ₂ Sb Te xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5 provide an excellent solution, thanks drastic between which can be switched reversibly non-volatile fashion. Here, we review recent progress field reconfigurable photonics PCMs. We start with general introduction material properties PCMs have been exploited integrated discuss their operating wavelengths. various switches built upon reviewed. Lastly, PCM-based circuits potential future directions this field.

Language: Английский

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Photonic (computational) memories: tunable nanophotonics for data storage and computing

Nanophotonics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(17), P. 3823 - 3854

Published: May 13, 2022

The exponential growth of information stored in data centers and computational power required for various data-intensive applications, such as deep learning AI, call new strategies to improve or move beyond the traditional von Neumann architecture. Recent achievements storage computation optical domain, enabling energy-efficient, fast, high-bandwidth processing, show great potential photonics overcome bottleneck reduce energy wasted Joule heating. Optically readable memories are fundamental this process, while light-based has traditionally (and commercially) employed free-space optics, recent developments photonic integrated circuits (PICs) nano-materials have opened doors opportunities on-chip. Photonic yet rival their electronic digital counterparts density; however, inherent analog nature ultrahigh bandwidth make them ideal unconventional computing strategies. Here, we review emerging nanophotonic devices that possess memory capabilities by elaborating on tunable mechanisms evaluating terms scalability device performance. Moreover, discuss progress large-scale architectures arrays primarily based

Language: Английский

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Broadband Nonvolatile Electrically Controlled Programmable Units in Silicon Photonics

ACS Photonics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 2142 - 2150

Published: May 6, 2022

Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have recently gained significant interest because of their potential in creating next-generation technologies ranging from artificial neural networks and microwave photonics to quantum information processing. The fundamental building block such programmable PICs is a 2 × unit, traditionally controlled by the thermo-optic or free-carrier dispersion. However, these implementations are power-hungry volatile large footprint (typically >100 μm). Therefore, truly "set-and-forget"-type unit with zero static power consumption highly desirable for large-scale PICs. Here, we report broadband nonvolatile electrically silicon based on phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5. directional coupler-type exhibits compact coupling length (64 μm), small insertion loss (∼2 dB), minimal crosstalk (<−8 dB) across entire telecommunication C-band while maintaining record-high endurance over 2800 switching cycles without performance degradation. This constitutes critical component realizing future generic systems.

Language: Английский

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Opportunities and Challenges for Large-Scale Phase-Change Material Integrated Electro-Photonics

ACS Photonics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 3181 - 3195

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

Programmable photonics have the potential to completely transform a range of emerging applications, including optical computing, signal processing, light detecting and ranging, quantum applications. However, implementing energy-efficient large-scale systems remains elusive because commonly used programmable photonic approaches are volatile energy-hungry. Recent results on nonvolatile phase-change material (PCM) integrated present promising opportunity create truly photonics. The ability drastically change refractive index PCMs in fashion allows creating units with zero-static energy. By taking advantage electrical control, reconfiguration, zero crosstalk between each unit, can enable extra (ELSI) In this Perspective, we briefly review recent progress PCM discuss challenges limitations technology. We argue that energy efficiency is more critical parameter than operating speed for photonics, making an ideal candidate. This has disruptive paradigm shift reconfigurable research philosophy, as slow but large modulation provide better solution ELSI fast power-hungry, small tuning methods. also highlight exciting opportunities leverage wide bandgap visible-wavelength such optogenetics, rewritable circuits (PICs) using nanosecond pulsed lasers. latter dramatically reduce fabrication cost PICs democratize PIC manufacturing process rapid prototyping.

Language: Английский

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Programmable Wavefront Control in the Visible Spectrum Using Low‐Loss Chalcogenide Phase‐Change Metasurfaces

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(34)

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

All-dielectric metasurfaces provide unique solutions for advanced wavefront manipulation of light with complete control amplitude and phase at sub-wavelength scales. One limitation, however, most these devices is the lack any post-fabrication tunability their response. To break this limit, a promising approach employing phase-change materials (PCMs), which fast, low energy, non-volatile means to endow switching mechanism. In regard, great advancements have been done in mid-infrared near-infrared spectrum using different chalcogenides. visible spectral range, very few demonstrated full manipulation, high efficiencies, reversible optical modulation. work, programmable all-dielectric Huygens' metasurface made antimony sulfide (Sb2 S3 ) PCM experimentally demonstrated, loss high-index material range large contrast (≈0.5) between its amorphous crystalline states. ≈2π modulation shown associated transmittance it used create beam-steering devices. These novel chalcogenide potential emerge as platform next-generation spatial modulators impact application areas such adaptive flat optics, detection ranging (LiDAR), many more.

Language: Английский

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Integrated Hybrid VO₂–Silicon Optical Memory

ACS Photonics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 217 - 223

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is an interesting material for hybrid photonic integrated devices due to its insulator–metal phase transition. Utilizing the hysteresis of transition in voltage-biased VO2, we demonstrate a compact VO2–silicon optical memory element into silicon waveguide. An pulse writes VO2 memory, leading attenuation that can be read out by transmission Our on-chip cell optically written with energy as low 23.5 pJ per and 10–90% rise time ∼100 ns. This approach promising data storage circuits.

Language: Английский

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Space and Time Modulations of Light with Metasurfaces: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

ACS Photonics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 1458 - 1482

Published: April 19, 2022

In this Perspective, we discuss the different opportunities offered by time-modulated metasurfaces for dynamic wavefront engineering and space-time photonics. Efforts in codesigning a photonic response while taking into careful consideration switching/tuning mechanisms, including thermal, electronic, optical, chemical, mechanical actuation, are essential achieving sufficient amplitude, phase, polarization modulation. Here, examine detail how key enabling technologies currently available relying on similar tuning mechanisms can be applied conception of tunable metasurfaces. We review latest developments advantages limitations each approach, providing reader with clear vision current state art active also address readiness technological approach to drawing short- long-term application perspectives. Finally, perspectives spatiotemporal metasurface modulation opening new horizons toward unlimited capabilities.

Language: Английский

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Programmable chalcogenide-based all-optical deep neural networks

Nanophotonics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(17), P. 4073 - 4088

Published: May 25, 2022

Abstract We demonstrate a passive all-chalcogenide all-optical perceptron scheme. The network’s nonlinear activation function (NLAF) relies on the response of Ge 2 Sb Te 5 to femtosecond laser pulses. measured sub-picosecond time-resolved optical constants at wavelength 1500 nm and used them design high-speed -tuned microring resonator NLAF. NLAF had sigmoidal when subjected different fluence excitation dynamic range −9.7 dB. perceptron’s waveguide material was AlN because it allowed efficient heat dissipation during switching. A two-temperature analysis revealed that operating speed is ≤ 1 $\le 1$ ns. percepton’s nonvolatile weights were set using low-loss S 3 Mach Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). three-layer deep neural network model test feasibility scheme maximum training accuracy 94.5% obtained. conclude combining -programmed MZI with pulses sufficient perform energy-efficient classifications rates greater than 1 GHz.

Language: Английский

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A Review of Capabilities and Scope for Hybrid Integration Offered by Silicon-Nitride-Based Photonic Integrated Circuits

Sensors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 4227 - 4227

Published: June 1, 2022

In this review we present some of the recent advances in field silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits. The focuses on material deposition techniques currently available, illustrating capabilities each technique. then expands functionalisation platform to achieve nonlinear processing, optical modulation, nonvolatile memories and integration with III-V materials obtain lasing or gain capabilities.

Language: Английский

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