Sustainability Assessment of Mechanochemistry by Using the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry

ChemSusChem, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2145 - 2162

Published: April 9, 2021

In recent years, mechanochemistry has been growing into a widely accepted alternative for chemical synthesis. addition to their efficiency and practicality, mechanochemical reactions are also recognized sustainability. The association between Green Chemistry often originates from the solvent-free nature of most protocols, which can reduce waste production. However, satisfies more than one Principles Chemistry. this Review we will present series examples that clearly illustrate how significantly contribute fulfillment in holistic manner.

Language: Английский

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Crystal Engineering of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals in the Discovery and Development of Improved Drugs

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122(13), P. 11514 - 11603

Published: June 1, 2022

The subject of crystal engineering started in the 1970s with study topochemical reactions solid state. A broad chemical definition was published 1989, and supramolecular synthon concept proposed 1995 followed by heterosynthons their potential applications for design pharmaceutical cocrystals 2004. This review traces development synthons as robust recurring hydrogen bond patterns construction architectures, notably, beginning early 2000s to present time. ability a cocrystal between an active ingredient (API) pharmaceutically acceptable coformer systematically tune physicochemical properties drug (i.e., solubility, permeability, hydration, color, compaction, tableting, bioavailability) without changing its molecular structure is hallmark platform, bridge discovery development. With via prototype case studies improve solubility place (2000–2015), period 2015 time has witnessed launch several salt–cocrystal drugs improved efficacy high bioavailability. on design, synthesis, afford products substances will interest researchers engineering, chemistry, medicinal process development, materials sciences. scale-up salts using continuous manufacturing technologies provides high-value pharmaceuticals economic environmental benefits.

Language: Английский

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Cutting-edge advances in tailoring size, shape, and functionality of nanoparticles and nanostructures: A review

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 149, P. 105010 - 105010

Published: June 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mechanochemistry: New Tools to Navigate the Uncharted Territory of “Impossible” Reactions

ChemSusChem, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(17)

Published: July 21, 2022

Mechanochemical transformations have made chemists enter unknown territories, forcing a different chemistry perspective. While questioning or revisiting familiar concepts belonging to solution chemistry, mechanochemistry has broken new ground, especially in the panorama of organic synthesis. Not only does it foster "thinking outside box", but also opened reaction paths, allowing overcome weaknesses traditional exactly where use well-established solution-based methodologies rules out progress. In this Review, reader is introduced an intriguing research subject not yet fully explored and waiting for improved understanding. Indeed, study mainly focused on that, although impossible solution, become possible under mechanochemical processing conditions, simultaneously entailing innovation expanding chemical space.

Language: Английский

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Mechanoredox Chemistry as an Emerging Strategy in Synthesis

Chemistry - A European Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(38), P. 9721 - 9726

Published: April 1, 2021

Abstract Recent research endeavors have established that the mechanochemical activation of piezoelectric materials can open new avenues in redox chemistry. Impact forces, such as those imparted by a ball mill, been shown to transform barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) into highly polarized state, which then donate an electron suitable oxidant and receive from reductant, mimicking photoredox catalytic cycles. Proof‐of‐concept studies elucidated mechanoredox chemistry holds great potential sustainable efficient radical‐based synthesis.

Language: Английский

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Outstanding Advantages, Current Drawbacks, and Significant Recent Developments in Mechanochemistry: A Perspective View

Crystals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 124 - 124

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Although known since antiquity, mechanochemistry has remained dormant for centuries. Nowadays, is a flourishing research field at the simultaneous stages of gathering data and (often astonishing) observations, scientific argumentation toward their analysis, which combination interdisciplinary expertise necessary. Mechanochemistry’s implementation as synthetic method constantly increasing, although it remains far from being fully exploited, or understood on basis fundamental principles. This review starts by describing many remarkable advantages mechanochemical reactions, simplifying “greening” chemistry in solutions. description followed an overview current main weaknesses to be addressed near future systematic study its energetics chemical mechanisms. finishes recent breakthrough experimental advances, such situ kinetics monitoring using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction Raman spectroscopy, plus equally significant computational approaches, quantum mechanochemistry, used understanding covalent hydrogen bond ruptures biomolecules mechanophores polymers single-molecule level. Combined with new technologies control temperature pressure ball mills, these appealing methods are promising tools establishing knowledge necessary reactivity

Language: Английский

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Salient Achievements in Synthetic Organic Chemistry Enabled by Mechanochemical Activation

Synthesis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 55(16), P. 2439 - 2459

Published: May 3, 2023

Abstract Although known for millennia, it is only recently that mechanochemistry has received serious attention by chemists. Indeed, during the past 15 years an extraordinary number of reports concerning solid-state chemical transformations through grinding and milling techniques have been recorded. This short review discusses circumstances led this renaissance, highlighting present intense interest in so-called green chemistry, enabling capacity to handle insoluble substrates, identification profound influence additives can on mechanochemically activated reactions. The core account focuses salient developments synthetic organic especially amino acid peptide­ mechanosynthesis, successful employment mechanochemical activation combination with asymmetric organocatalysis, promising enzymatic whole cell biocatalysis, remarkable achievement multicomponent selective reactions via complex, multistep reaction pathways, mechanosynthesis representative heterocycles. final section comments some pending tasks area, such as scaling-up processes be practical use industry, requirement easier more efficient control parameters monitoring devices, consequently careful analysis additional procedures a proper understanding phenomena. 1 Introduction 2 Brief History Mechanochemistry 3 Milling Equipment Reaction Parameters 4 Attributes That Propelled Its Present Renaissance 4.1 Enormous Attention Being Presently Paid Sustainable Chemistry 4.2 Reduced Energy Consumption 4.3 Additive-Based 4.4 Handling Insoluble Reactants 4.5 ‘Impossible’ Reactions Are Successful 4.6 Air- Water-Sensitive Reagents Ball 5 Salient Developments Mechanochemical Activation Synthetic Organic 5.1 Amino Acid Peptide Mechanosynthesis 5.2 Asymmetric Synthesis Organocatalysis under Ball-Milling Conditions 5.3 Mechanoenzymology 5.4 Multicomponent Activated 5.5 Heterocycles Modification 6 Future Directions 6.1 Scaling-Up Protocols 6.2 Temperature-Controlled 6.3 Understanding Transformations 6.4 Emerging Techniques 7 Conclusions

Language: Английский

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Tinkering with Mechanochemical Tools for Scale Up

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(44)

Published: April 28, 2023

Mechanochemistry provides an environmentally benign platform to develop more sustainable chemical processes by limiting raw materials, energy use, and waste generation while using physically smaller equipment. A continuously growing research community has steadily showcased examples of beneficial mechanochemistry applications at both the laboratory preparative scale. In contrast solution-based chemistry, mechanochemical have not yet been standardized, thus scaling up is still a nascent discipline. The purpose this Minireview highlight similarities, differences challenges various approaches that successfully applied for range scales. We hope provide discussion starting point those interested in further developing commercial use and/or industrialisation.

Language: Английский

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Process Mass Intensity (PMI): A Holistic Analysis of Current Peptide Manufacturing Processes Informs Sustainability in Peptide Synthesis

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89(7), P. 4261 - 4282

Published: March 20, 2024

Small molecule therapeutics represent the majority of FDA-approved drugs. Yet, many attractive targets are poorly tractable by small molecules, generating a need for new therapeutic modalities. Due to their biocompatibility profile and structural versatility, peptide-based possible solution. Additionally, in past two decades, advances peptide design, delivery, formulation, devices have occurred, making peptides an modality. However, manufacturing is often limited solid-phase synthesis (SPPS), liquid phase (LPPS), lesser extent hybrid SPPS/LPPS, with SPPS emerging as predominant platform technology synthesis. involves use excess solvents reagents which negatively impact environment, thus highlighting newer technologies reduce environmental footprint. Herein, fourteen American Chemical Society Green Chemistry Institute Pharmaceutical Roundtable (ACS GCIPR) member companies portfolio compiled Process Mass Intensity (PMI) metrics help inform sustainability efforts This includes PMI assessment on 40 synthetic processes at various development stages pharma, classified according phase. most comprehensive date. The process was divided into (synthesis, purification, isolation) determine respective PMI. On average, (SPPS) (PMI ≈ 13,000) does not compare favorably other modalities such molecules median 168–308) biopharmaceuticals 8300). Thus, high warrants more environmentally friendly manufacturing.

Language: Английский

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Mechanochemical Rearrangements

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 86(20), P. 13885 - 13894

Published: July 14, 2021

Molecular rearrangements are a powerful tool for constructing complex structures in an atom- and step-economic manner, translating multistep transformations into intrinsically more sustainable process. Mechanochemical molecular become even appealing eco-friendly synthetic approach, especially preparing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) natural products. Still their infancy, promoted by mechanochemistry represent promising approach chemists to merge diversity green chemistry perspectives toward selective efficient syntheses with reduced environmental footprint.

Language: Английский

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