Electrochemical Methods for Water Purification, Ion Separations, and Energy Conversion

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122(16), P. 13547 - 13635

Published: July 29, 2022

Agricultural development, extensive industrialization, and rapid growth of the global population have inadvertently been accompanied by environmental pollution. Water pollution is exacerbated decreasing ability traditional treatment methods to comply with tightening standards. This review provides a comprehensive description principles applications electrochemical for water purification, ion separations, energy conversion. Electrochemical attractive features such as compact size, chemical selectivity, broad applicability, reduced generation secondary waste. Perhaps greatest advantage methods, however, that they remove contaminants directly from water, while other technologies extract contaminants, which enables efficient removal trace pollutants. The begins an overview conventional drive or physical transformations via Faradaic reactions at electrodes, proceeds detailed examination two primary mechanisms are separated in nondestructive processes, namely electrokinetics electrosorption. In these sections, special attention given emerging shock electrodialysis Given importance generating clean, renewable energy, may sometimes be combined also discusses inverse conversion based on reverse electrosorption, electrowetting, electrokinetic phenomena. concludes discussion technology comparisons, remaining challenges, potential innovations field process intensification technoeconomic optimization.

Language: Английский

---

Faradaic Electrodes Open a New Era for Capacitive Deionization

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(22)

Published: Oct. 11, 2020

Abstract Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging desalination technology for effective removal of ionic species from aqueous solutions. Compared to conventional CDI, which based on carbon electrodes and struggles with high salinity streams due a limited salt capacity by ion electrosorption excessive co‐ion expulsion, the Faradaic provide unique opportunities upgrade CDI performance, i.e., achieving much higher capacities energy‐efficient streams, reaction capture. This article presents comprehensive overview current developments electrode materials CDI. Here, fundamentals electrode‐based are first introduced in detail, including novel cell architectures, key performance metrics, capture mechanisms, design principles materials. Three main categories summarized discussed regarding their crystal structure, physicochemical characteristics, performance. In particular, mechanisms highlighted obtain better understanding process. Moreover, tailored applications, selective contaminant removal, specifically introduced. Finally, remaining challenges research directions also outlined guidelines future research.

Language: Английский

---

Application of MXenes for water treatment and energy-efficient desalination: A review

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 423, P. 127050 - 127050

Published: Aug. 29, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Recent Advances in Faradic Electrochemical Deionization: System Architectures versus Electrode Materials

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 13924 - 13942

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an energy-efficient desalination technique. However, the maximum capacity of conventional carbon-based CDI systems approximately 20 mg g–1, which too low for practical applications. Therefore, focus research on has shifted to development faradic electrochemical using electrodes based materials have a significantly higher ion-storage than electrodes. In addition common symmetrical system, there also been extensive innovative maximize performance electrode materials. Research focused primarily reactions and correlation between various system architectures, i.e., hybrid capacitive deionization, rocking-chair dual-ion intercalation desalination, remains relatively unexplored. This inhibited design specific characteristics individual systems. this review, we characterized both their material category in they were utilized. We expect that detailed analysis properties, advantages, challenges will establish fundamental facilitate future developments field.

Language: Английский

---

Freestanding Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/Prussian Blue Analogues Films with Superior Ion Uptake for Efficient Capacitive Deionization by a Dual Pseudocapacitance Effect

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 1239 - 1249

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

Exploring and designing high-performance Faradaic electrode materials is of great significance to enhance the desalination performance hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI). Herein, open freestanding films (MXene/Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), specifically, MXene/NiHCF MXene/CuHCF) were prepared by vacuum filtration a mixed solution PBAs nanoparticles Ti3C2Tx MXene dispersion directly used as HCDI electrodes. The conductive nanosheets bridge form three-dimensional (3D) network structure, which can accelerate salt ion electron diffusion/transport kinetics for HCDI. Additionally, prevent restacking nanosheets, expand their interlayer spacing, facilitate rapid diffusion storage ions. Benefiting from dual pseudocapacitance synergistic effect MXene, obtained MXene/PBAs show superior properties, with high capacity (85.1 mg g-1 film 80.4 MXene/CuHCF film) an ultrafast salt-removal rate, much higher than those other effect, adsorption Na+ ions, enhanced conductivity demonstrated through first-principles calculations. This paper offers simple convenient method design electrodes promotes development technology.

Language: Английский

---

Emerging trends in anion storage materials for the capacitive and hybrid energy storage and beyond

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(12), P. 6734 - 6789

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Emerging trends in anion storage materials are reviewed, focusing on the classification, mechanisms, and electrochemical features of various electrolytes for capacitors a symmetric or hybrid manner.

Language: Английский

---

Electrocapacitive Deionization: Mechanisms, Electrodes, and Cell Designs

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(18)

Published: Feb. 26, 2023

Abstract Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging water desalination technology for removing different ionic species from water, which based on electric charge compensation by these charged species. CDI becoming popular because it more energy‐efficient and cost‐effective than other technologies, such as reverse osmosis distillation, specifically in dealing with brackish having low or moderate salt concentrations. Over the past decade, research field has witnessed significant advances used electrode materials, cell architectures, associated mechanisms applications. This review article first discusses ion storage/removal carbon Faradaic materials aided advanced situ analysis techniques computations. It then summarizes progress toward terms of structure, surface chemistry, composition. More still, architectures highlighting their design concepts. Finally, current challenges future directions are summarized to provide guidelines research.

Language: Английский

---

Mxene pseudocapacitive electrode material for capacitive deionization

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 435, P. 134959 - 134959

Published: Jan. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Carbon nanotube bridged nickel hexacyanoferrate architecture for high-performance hybrid capacitive deionization

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 630, P. 372 - 381

Published: Oct. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Understanding Synthesis–Structure–Performance Correlations of Nanoarchitectured Activated Carbons for Electrochemical Applications and Carbon Capture

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(40)

Published: Aug. 7, 2022

Abstract Activated carbons are one of the most important classes high‐surface‐area porous materials. Owing to their unique structure, low price, and large‐scale production technology, these have been traditionally used as sorbents for eliminating contamination. In past decade, many innovations seen in synthesis, applications, theoretical experimental methods. Herein, a comprehensive review up‐to‐date progress activated is presented from viewpoint synthetic chemistry materials science. First, critical textural properties discussed, with special emphasis on texture, heteroatom doping, surface functional groups, partial graphitization. Next, advanced strategies summarized. Special attention given reaction mechanism between activating agents carbon sources, well design controlled forms morphology. Then, applicability various emerging fields covered, including supercapacitors, capacitive deionization, batteries, electrocatalysis, capture. particular, this highlights potential synthesis–structure–property correlations Finally, we present future challenges outlook success energy environmental

Language: Английский

---