Abstract
Large
defects
in
bone
tissue
due
to
trauma,
tumors,
or
developmental
abnormalities
usually
require
surgical
treatment
for
repair.
Numerous
studies
have
shown
that
current
repair
and
regeneration
treatments
certain
complications
limitations.
With
the
in-depth
understanding
of
mechanisms
biological
materials,
a
variety
materials
with
desirable
physicochemical
properties
functions
emerged
field
recent
years.
Among
them,
hydrogels
been
widely
used
research
their
biocompatibility,
unique
swelling
properties,
ease
fabrication.
In
this
paper,
development
classification
were
introduced,
mechanism
promoting
was
described
detail,
including
promotion
marrow
mesenchymal
stem
cell
differentiation,
angiogenesis,
enhancement
activity
morphogenetic
proteins,
regulation
microenvironment
tissues.
addition,
future
direction
hydrogel
engineering
discussed.
Gels,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(6), P. 383 - 383
Published: May 23, 2025
Injectable
biopolymer-based
hydrogels
have
emerged
as
a
powerful
class
of
biomaterials
designed
for
minimally
invasive
therapeutic
strategies
in
modern
medicine.
These
smart
hydrogels,
derived
from
natural
biopolymers,
such
alginate,
chitosan,
gelatin,
hyaluronic
acid,
and
collagen,
offer
unique
advantages,
including
biocompatibility,
biodegradability,
the
ability
to
mimic
extracellular
matrix.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
overview
recent
advancements
design,
crosslinking
mechanisms,
biofunctionality
injectable
tailored
targeted
drug
delivery
tissue
regeneration.
Special
attention
is
given
their
role
situ
gelling
systems,
cancer
therapy,
musculoskeletal
repair,
neural
Challenges
related
mechanical
strength,
degradation
control,
clinical
translation
are
also
discussed,
along
with
future
perspectives
scalable
manufacturing
regulatory
approval.
Small,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 2, 2024
Abstract
Critical‐sized
bone
defects
represent
an
urgent
clinical
problem,
necessitating
innovative
treatment
approaches.
Gene‐activated
grafts
for
tissue
engineering
have
emerged
as
a
promising
solution.
However,
traditional
gene
delivery
methods
are
constrained
by
limited
osteogenic
efficacy
and
safety
concerns.
Recently,
organic
inorganic
nanoparticle
(NP)
vectors
attracted
significant
attention
in
their
safe,
stable,
controllable
delivery.
Targeted
guided
insights
into
healing
mechanisms,
coupled
with
the
multifunctional
design
of
NPs,
is
crucial
enhancing
therapeutic
outcomes.
Here,
theoretical
foundations
underlying
NP‐mediated
therapy
across
different
histological
stages
elucidated.
Furthermore,
distinct
attributes
functionalized
NP
discussed,
cutting‐edge
strategies
aimed
at
optimizing
efficiency
throughout
process
highlighted.
Additionally,
review
addresses
unresolved
challenges
prospects
this
technology.
This
may
contribute
to
continued
development
application
treating
critical‐sized
defects.
Abstract
Large
defects
in
bone
tissue
due
to
trauma,
tumors,
or
developmental
abnormalities
usually
require
surgical
treatment
for
repair.
Numerous
studies
have
shown
that
current
repair
and
regeneration
treatments
certain
complications
limitations.
With
the
in-depth
understanding
of
mechanisms
biological
materials,
a
variety
materials
with
desirable
physicochemical
properties
functions
emerged
field
recent
years.
Among
them,
hydrogels
been
widely
used
research
their
biocompatibility,
unique
swelling
properties,
ease
fabrication.
In
this
paper,
development
classification
were
introduced,
mechanism
promoting
was
described
detail,
including
promotion
marrow
mesenchymal
stem
cell
differentiation,
angiogenesis,
enhancement
activity
morphogenetic
proteins,
regulation
microenvironment
tissues.
addition,
future
direction
hydrogel
engineering
discussed.
