Carbon Anode Materials: A Detailed Comparison between Na‐ion and K‐ion Batteries

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(11)

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

Abstract As novel “post lithium‐ion batteries,” sodium‐ion batteries/potassium‐ion batteries (SIBs/PIBs) are emerging and show bright prospect in large‐scale energy storage applications due to abundant Na/K resources. Further benefits of this technology include, its low cost, chemical inertness safety. Extensive research findings have demonstrated that carbon‐based materials promising candidates for both SIBs PIBs. Although the two alkali‐ion similar internal components electrochemical reaction mechanisms, storage/release behaviors Na + K not exactly same. Therefore, a comprehensive comparison /K carbon anode is lacking. It absolutely imperative understand these mechanisms more clearly achieve ideal performance. Herein, three potential discussed, which i) intercalation/deintercalation mechanism, ii) adsorption/desorption iii) pore‐filling mechanism. This review only attempts summarize development status (graphite, graphene, hard soft carbon), but also provides (mechanism, capacity, rate capability, diffusion coefficient, cyclability, potassiation/sodiation potential) between Finally, critical issues perspectives discussed demonstrate possible directions

Language: Английский

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Defect‐Selectivity and “Order‐in‐Disorder” Engineering in Carbon for Durable and Fast Potassium Storage

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(7)

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Defect-rich carbon materials possess high gravimetric potassium storage capability due to the abundance of active sites, but their cyclic stability is limited because low reversibility undesirable defects and deteriorative conductivity. Herein, in situ defect-selectivity order-in-disorder synergetic engineering via a self-template strategy reported boost K+ -storage capacity, rate simultaneously. The defect-sites are selectively tuned realize abundant reversible carbon-vacancies with sacrifice poorly heteroatom-defects through persistent gas release during pyrolysis. Meanwhile, nanobubbles generated pyrolysis serve as self-templates induce surface atom rearrangement, thus embedding nanographitic networks defective domains without serious phase separation, which greatly enhances intrinsic structure ensures concentration fast charge-transfer kinetics simultaneously, leading capacity (425 mAh g-1 at 0.05 A ), high-rate (237.4 1 superior (90.4% retention from cycle 10 400 0.1 ). This work provides rational facile tradeoff between conductivity, gives deep insights into mechanism storage.

Language: Английский

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Self‐Assembled Carbon Superstructures Achieving Ultra‐Stable and Fast Proton‐Coupled Charge Storage Kinetics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(49)

Published: Oct. 7, 2021

Designing ingenious and stable carbon nanostructures is critical but still challenging for use in energy storage devices with superior electrochemistry kinetics, durable capacitive activity, high rate survivability. To pursue the objective, a simple self-assembly strategy developed to access superstructures built of nanoparticle embedded plates. The precursors, 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone can form porous organic polymer "protic salt"-type rigid skeleton linked by -NH2 + Cl- - "rivets", which provides cornerstone hydrogen-bonding-guided backbone π-π plane stacking. ameliorative charge density distribution decreased adsorption as-fabricated allow accessibility build-in protophilic sites efficient ion diffusion low barrier. Such thus deliver ultra-stable fast proton-coupled kinetics at structural-chemical defects, contributing unprecedented lifespan (1 000 cycles), high-rate capability (100 A g-1 ) carbon-based supercapacitors, an ultrahigh (128 Wh kg-1 Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors. self-assembled significantly improve all-round electrochemical performances, hold great promise storage.

Language: Английский

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Designing and Understanding the Superior Potassium Storage Performance of Nitrogen/Phosphorus Co‐Doped Hollow Porous Bowl‐Like Carbon Anodes

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: Nov. 10, 2020

Abstract Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are promising alternatives to lithium‐ion because of the advantage abundant, low‐cost potassium resources. However, PIBs facing a pivotal challenge develop suitable electrode materials for efficient insertion/extraction large‐radius ions (K + ). Here, viable anode material composed uniform, hollow porous bowl‐like hard carbon dual doped with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) (denoted as N/P‐HPCB) is developed high‐performance PIBs. With prominent merits in structure, as‐fabricated N/P‐HPCB manifests extraordinary storage performance terms high reversible capacity (458.3 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A ), superior rate (213.6 4 long‐term cyclability (205.2 1000 2 Density‐functional theory calculations reveal N/P doping favor facilitating adsorption/diffusion K enhancing electronic conductivity, guaranteeing improved capacity, capability. Moreover, situ transmission electron microscopy conjunction ex Raman spectroscopy confirms exceptional cycling stability originating from excellent phase reversibility robust structure integrity during cycling. Overall, findings shed light on development high‐performance, durable anodes advanced

Language: Английский

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Defect Engineering for Expediting Li–S Chemistry: Strategies, Mechanisms, and Perspectives

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(23)

Published: May 7, 2021

Abstract Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have stimulated a burgeoning scientific and industrial interest owing to high energy density low materials costs. The favorable reaction kinetics of sulfur species is key prerequisite for pursuing their commercialization. Recent years witnessed wealth investigations in terms boosting redox via rationalizing mediators. Defect engineering, which allows the effective exposure active sites optimization electronic structure, has emerged expeditiously as an essential strategy enhance polysulfide modulation, hence expedite Li–S chemistry. Nevertheless, comprehensive overview defect engineering realm still lacking. This review emphasizes recent advances rational design modulation strategies different types defective Their unique morphological configuration, superb electrochemical activity, underlying catalytic mechanism are comprehensively summarized, aiming deepen understanding defect‐mediated Moreover, situ evolution mediators discussed identify true under aprotic conditions. Opportunities outlook this fast‐developing frontier that may lead practical implementations proposed.

Language: Английский

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Sulfur-Rich Graphene Nanoboxes with Ultra-High Potassiation Capacity at Fast Charge: Storage Mechanisms and Device Performance

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 1652 - 1665

Published: Dec. 28, 2020

It is a major challenge to achieve fast charging and high reversible capacity in potassium ion storing carbons. Here, we synthesized sulfur-rich graphene nanoboxes (SGNs) by one-step chemical vapor deposition deliver exceptional rate cyclability performance as battery capacitor (PIC) anodes. The SGN electrode exhibits record of 516 mAh g–1 at 0.05 A g–1, charge 223 mA h 1 stability with 89% retention after 1000 cycles. Additionally, the SGN-based PIC displays highly favorable Ragone chart characteristics: 112 Wh kg–1at 505 W kg–1 28 14618 92% 6000 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis illustrates storage sequence based primarily on binding structural–chemical defects carbon formation K–S–C K2S compounds. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrates dilation due intercalation, which secondary source low voltage. This intercalation mechanism shown be stable even cycle 1000. Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique yields diffusion coefficients from 10–10 10–12 cm2 s–1, an order magnitude higher than S-free direct electroanalytic/analytic comparison indicates that chemically bound sulfur increases number bonding sites, promotes reaction-controlled over diffusion-controlled kinetics, stabilizes solid electrolyte interphase. also demonstrated initial Coulombic efficiency can significantly improved switching standard carbonate-based ether-based one.

Language: Английский

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N/O double-doped biomass hard carbon material realizes fast and stable potassium ion storage

Carbon, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 176, P. 71 - 82

Published: Jan. 22, 2021

Language: Английский

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Prospects of Electrode Materials and Electrolytes for Practical Potassium‐Based Batteries

Small Methods, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(12)

Published: Nov. 10, 2021

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have attracted tremendous attention because of their high energy density and low-cost. As such, much effort has focused on developing electrode materials electrolytes for PIBs at the material levels. This review begins with an overview high-performance electrolytes, then evaluates prospects challenges practical to penetrate market. The current status safe operation, density, power cyclability, sustainability is discussed future studies materials, electrode-electrolyte interfaces are identified. It anticipated that this will motivate research development fill existing gaps potassium-based full so they may be commercialized in near future.

Language: Английский

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Metal‐Organic‐Framework Derived Core‐Shell N‐Doped Carbon Nanocages Embedded with Cobalt Nanoparticles as High‐Performance Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(50)

Published: Sept. 13, 2020

Abstract To enhance the performance of Li‐ion batteries, hierarchical carbon‐based hollow frameworks embedded with cobalt nanoparticles are prepared by pyrolysis core‐shell ZIF‐8@ZIF‐67 polyhedrals via a seed‐mediated growth method. The resultant composed N‐doped carbon as inner shells and porous graphitic outer shells. Benefiting from unique architecture large surface area good electrical conductivity, electrode materials exhibit electrochemical improved specific capacities, high‐rate capability, cycling stability for batteries. More importantly, quantitative kinetic analysis reveals crucial contributions N doping structure boosting materials. rational design understanding underlying mechanism charge storage process to construct advanced high‐performance

Language: Английский

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Tissue-derived carbon microbelt paper: a high-initial-coulombic-efficiency and low-discharge-platform K⁺-storage anode for 4.5 V hybrid capacitors

Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 158 - 168

Published: Nov. 25, 2021

Sanitary tissue is utilized as the precursor to construct a hard carbon microbelt paper (HCMB), which can be employed high-initial-coulombic-efficiency and low-discharge-platform K + -storage anode for 4.5 V hybrid capacitors.

Language: Английский

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