SmartMat,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
2(2), P. 176 - 201
Published: June 11, 2021
Abstract
Potassium‐ion
batteries
(PIBs)
show
great
potential
in
the
application
of
large‐scale
energy
storage
devices
due
to
comparable
high
operating
voltage
with
lithium‐ion
and
lower
cost.
Carbon‐based
materials
are
promising
candidates
as
anodes
for
PIBs,
their
low
cost,
abundance,
nontoxicity,
environmental
benignity,
sustainability.
In
this
review,
we
will
first
discuss
potassium
mechanisms
graphitic
defective
carbon
carbon‐based
composites
various
compositions
microstructures
comprehensively
understand
behavior.
Then,
several
strategies
based
on
heteroatoms
doping,
unique
nanostructure
design,
introduction
conductive
matrix
form
proposed
optimize
achieve
performance
PIBs.
Finally,
conclude
existing
challenges
perspectives
further
development
materials,
which
is
believed
promote
practical
PIBs
future.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
31(30)
Published: May 19, 2021
Abstract
The
comprehensive
utilization
of
biomass
to
obtain
energy‐storage
carbonaceous
materials
with
special
microstructures
is
great
significance.
Herein,
a
universal
method
proposed
fabricate
oriented
carbon
microspheres
(OCMSs)
and
3D
porous
(3DPC)
block
at
the
same
time
via
high‐temperature
hydrothermal
“disproportionation”
including
but
not
limited
basswood,
pinus
sylvestris,
red
walnut,
beech,
bamboo,
sorghum
straw.
Through
nuclear
magnetic
resonance,
gas
chromatography
mass
spectrometry,
as
well
various
morphologic
structural
characterizations,
it
demonstrated
that
OCMS
(002)
orientation
originates
from
carbonization
organic
matters
produced
by
successive
decomposition
hemicellulose,
cellulose,
lignin
during
process,
while
3DPC
blocks
exhibit
abundant
sp
3
defects
micropores
surface
area
855.12
m
2
g
−1
due
constant
loss
components
basswood
blocks.
As
result,
anode
exhibits
high
capacity
201.1
mA
h
2000
after
cycles,
cathode
delivers
95.7
1.0
A
5000
cycles.
Remarkably,
as‐assembled
OCMS//3DPC
potassium
ion
hybrid
capacitor
an
energy
140.7
Wh
kg
643.8
W
,
long
cycle
life
over
8500
SmartMat,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
2(2), P. 176 - 201
Published: June 11, 2021
Abstract
Potassium‐ion
batteries
(PIBs)
show
great
potential
in
the
application
of
large‐scale
energy
storage
devices
due
to
comparable
high
operating
voltage
with
lithium‐ion
and
lower
cost.
Carbon‐based
materials
are
promising
candidates
as
anodes
for
PIBs,
their
low
cost,
abundance,
nontoxicity,
environmental
benignity,
sustainability.
In
this
review,
we
will
first
discuss
potassium
mechanisms
graphitic
defective
carbon
carbon‐based
composites
various
compositions
microstructures
comprehensively
understand
behavior.
Then,
several
strategies
based
on
heteroatoms
doping,
unique
nanostructure
design,
introduction
conductive
matrix
form
proposed
optimize
achieve
performance
PIBs.
Finally,
conclude
existing
challenges
perspectives
further
development
materials,
which
is
believed
promote
practical
PIBs
future.
