Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(10), P. 2248 - 2248
Published: May 13, 2025
Sodium-ion
batteries
(SIBs)
have
emerged
as
a
viable
alternative
to
lithium-ion
technologies,
with
carbon-based
anodes
playing
pivotal
role
in
addressing
key
challenges
of
sodium
storage.
This
review
systematically
examines
hard
carbon
the
premier
anode
material,
elucidating
its
dual
storage
mechanisms:
(1)
sloping
capacity
(2.0–0.1
V
vs.
Na+/Na)
from
surface/defect
adsorption
and
(2)
plateau
(<0.1
V)
via
closed-pore
filling
pseudo-graphitic
intercalation.
Through
critical
analysis
recent
advancements,
we
establish
that
optimized
architectures
delivering
300–400
mAh/g
require
precise
coordination
domains
(d002
=
0.36–0.40
nm)
<1
nm
closed
pores.
ultimately
provides
design
blueprint
for
next-generation
anodes,
proposing
three
research
frontiers:
machine
learning-guided
microstructure
optimization,
dynamic
sodiation/desodiation
control
sub
pores,
(3)
scalable
manufacturing
heteroatom-doped
engineered
domains.
These
advancements
position
enablers
high-performance,
cost-effective
SIBs
grid-scale
energy
applications.
Small,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 19, 2025
Abstract
Sodium‐ion
batteries
(SIB),
stemming
from
the
abundance
of
sodium
resources
and
their
cost‐effectiveness,
have
positioning
them
favorably
a
potential
candidate
for
stationary
energy
storage
public
electric
vehicles.
As
an
intermediary
grid
system
output
terminals
charging
station,
fast‐charging
performance
has
actually
become
crucial
metric,
which
greatly
relates
to
station
utilization
cost‐
time‐efficient.
Besides,
capacity
is
also
relevant
long‐term
stable
operation
transportation.
Given
remarkable
advancements
in
SIBs
reported
recently,
review
about
this
topic
scope
timely
important
at
present.
In
study,
bottlenecks
are
first
assessed,
after
that,
comprehensive
overview
employed
strategies
improving
capacities
three
aspects:
structures
design,
reaction
mechanism
regulation,
optimization
solvation
structure
interfacial
property
given.
Finally,
challenges
prospects
further
research
toward
proposed.
The
authors
hope
will
provide
deep
understanding
design
principles
inspire
more
endeavors
conquer
practicability
issue
fields.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 30, 2024
Abstract
The
closed‐pore
structure
of
hard
carbons
holds
the
key
to
high
plateau
capacity
and
rapid
diffusion
kinetics
when
applied
as
sodium‐ion
battery
(SIB)
anodes.
However,
understanding
establishing
structure‐electrochemistry
relationship
still
remains
a
significant
challenge.
This
work,
for
first
time,
introduces
an
innovative
deep
eutectic
solvent
(DES)
cell‐shearing
strategy
precisely
tailor
cell
natural
bamboo
consequently
in
its
derived
carbons.
DES
shearing
force
effectively
modifies
pore
architecture
by
simultaneously
dissolving
amorphous
components
form
closed
cores
with
adjustable
sizes,
well
disintegrating
crystalline
cellulose
through
generation
competing
hydrogen
bonds
elaborately
tune
wall
thickness
ordering.
optimized
featuring
appropriate
size
(∼2
nm)
ultra‐thin
(1–3
layers)
disordered
walls,
exhibits
abundant
active
sites
delivers
ion
reaction
reversibility.
Consequently,
reversible
422
mAh
g
−1
at
30
mA
along
exceptional
rate
capability
(318.6
6
A
)
are
achieved,
outperforming
almost
all
previous
reported
new
concept
chemistry
regeneration
significantly
advances
applications
biomass
materials
energy
storage.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 24, 2025
Abstract
The
trade‐off
between
initial
coulombic
efficiency
(ICE)
and
rate
performance
of
hard
carbon
anodes
remains
a
challenge
in
their
practical
applications,
which
is
highly
related
to
complex
active
surface
porous
properties.
In
this
work,
high‐performance
anode
prepared
using
xylose
as
the
source
with
Co
2+
‐assisted
catalysis,
exhibits
an
excellent
91.6%,
high
capacity
396.4
mA
h
g
−1
,
superior
(176.3
at
5
A
),
outstanding
cycling
stability.
Cobalt‐ion
treatment
forms
“expanded”
graphite
segments,
facilitating
intercalation
desolvated
sodium
ions.
Additionally,
intersection
these
segments
creates
“nanocaves”,
enabling
rapid
sodium‐ion
transport
stage.
Using
combination
atomic‐resolution
structural
characterization
three‐dimensional
electron
tomography
via
transmission
microscopy,
it
observed
that
initially
isolated
nanoporous
holes
collapsed
into
interconnected
pancake‐like
pores
during
later
cycling.
reconstructed
narrow
but
connected
pore
structure
provides
abundant
storage
sites
charge
transfer
pathways,
effectively
accommodating
stress
This
work
presents
innovative
strategy
for
designing
commercial
advanced
architectures
also
new
insight
evolution
