Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(10), P. 2248 - 2248
Published: May 13, 2025
Sodium-ion
batteries
(SIBs)
have
emerged
as
a
viable
alternative
to
lithium-ion
technologies,
with
carbon-based
anodes
playing
pivotal
role
in
addressing
key
challenges
of
sodium
storage.
This
review
systematically
examines
hard
carbon
the
premier
anode
material,
elucidating
its
dual
storage
mechanisms:
(1)
sloping
capacity
(2.0–0.1
V
vs.
Na+/Na)
from
surface/defect
adsorption
and
(2)
plateau
(<0.1
V)
via
closed-pore
filling
pseudo-graphitic
intercalation.
Through
critical
analysis
recent
advancements,
we
establish
that
optimized
architectures
delivering
300–400
mAh/g
require
precise
coordination
domains
(d002
=
0.36–0.40
nm)
<1
nm
closed
pores.
ultimately
provides
design
blueprint
for
next-generation
anodes,
proposing
three
research
frontiers:
machine
learning-guided
microstructure
optimization,
dynamic
sodiation/desodiation
control
sub
pores,
(3)
scalable
manufacturing
heteroatom-doped
engineered
domains.
These
advancements
position
enablers
high-performance,
cost-effective
SIBs
grid-scale
energy
applications.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 24, 2025
High
energy
density
of
sodium-ion
batteries
(SIBs)
requires
high
low-voltage
capacity
and
initial
Coulombic
efficiency
for
hard
carbon.
However,
simultaneously
achieving
both
characteristics
is
a
substantial
challenge.
Herein,
unique
molecular
stitching
strategy
proposed
to
edit
the
polymeric
structure
common
starch
synthesizing
cost-effective
carbon
(STHC-MS).
A
mild
air-heating
treatment
toward
employed
trigger
esterification
reaction
between
carboxyl
hydroxy
groups,
which
can
effectively
connect
branched
polysaccharide
chains
thereby
constructing
highly
cross-linked
network.
In
contrast
with
pristine
branched-chain
starch,
cross-linking
structured
precursor
evolves
into
twisted
graphitic
lattices
creating
large
population
closed
ultramicro-pores
(<0.3
nm)
enabling
storage
massive
sodium
clusters.
Resultantly,
STHC-MS
delivers
reversible
348
mAh
g-1
remarkable
(below
0.1
V)
294
g-1,
becomes
more
attractive
by
combining
93.3%.
Moreover,
exhibits
outstanding
stability
0.008%
decay
per
cycle
over
4800
cycles
at
1
g-1.
STHC-MS||Na3V2(PO3)4
full
cells
achieve
an
266
Wh
kg-1,
largely
surpassing
commercial
carbon-based
counterpart.
This
work
opens
avenue
molecular-level
modulation
in
organic
precursors
developing
high-performance
SIBs.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 5, 2025
Abstract
Sodium‐ion
batteries
(SIBs),
recognized
for
their
abundant
resource
availability,
are
emerging
as
a
viable
alternative
to
conventional
batteries.
Nevertheless,
sluggish
electrons/ions
kinetics
impedes
further
advancement
in
SIBs
technology.
Herein,
novel
microcrystalline‐MoSe
2
/amorphous‐MoSe
x
O
y
(C‐MoSe
/A‐MoSe
)
is
developed
through
situ
low‐temperature
oxidation
of
crystalline
MoSe
.
The
microcrystalline
acts
robust
framework,
while
the
amorphous
phase
fills
interstitial
spaces.
This
anode
material
characterized
by
an
optimized
microcrystalline‐amorphous
heterointerface.
resultant
charge
self‐regulation
effect
can
be
exploited
modulate
active
electron
states,
thereby
ensuring
high‐speed
and
stable
sodium
storage
performance.
heterointerface
demonstrates
ultrahigh
specific
capacity
(641.0
mAh
g
−1
at
0.5
A
maintains
splendid
rate
performances
up
100
(324.2
).
Detailed
theoretical
experimental
researches
indicate
that
enhanced
performance
results
from
production
electronic
which
initiated
C‐MoSe
,
featuring
Mo─Se
bonds,
regulates
interfacial
redistribution
facilitate
transfer
across
interface
between
phases.
findings
suggest
effect,
prompted
network,
inherently
accelerates
electron/ion
transport,
offering
promising
electrode
design
strategy
fast‐charging
Batteries,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(1), P. 36 - 36
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
The
active
hydroxyl
group
of
cellulose
plays
a
crucial
role
in
regulating
the
microstructure
cellulose-derived
hard
carbon,
which
ultimately
affects
its
sodium
storage
capacity.
Through
small-angle
X-ray
scattering
(SAXS)
and
atomic
pair
distribution
function
(PDF)
analysis,
we
proved
that
modification
by
esterification
crosslinking
can
introduce
more
closed
pores
into
carbonized
is
beneficial
for
promoting
ion
storage.
Our
results
demonstrate
optimizing
conditions
used
cross-linking
modification,
capacity
carbon
could
be
increased
from
254
to
348
mAh
g−1,
with
an
increase
plateau
140
230
g−1.
This
study
makes
significant
contribution
towards
establishing
industrial
applications
carbon.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 14, 2025
Abstract
Sodium‐ion
batteries
(SIBs)
have
gradually
entered
the
application
market
after
years
of
development.
To
enhance
user
experience
and
reduce
waiting
time,
development
fast‐charging
SIBs
has
become
an
inevitable
trend.
However,
hard
carbon
(HC)
anode
materials
currently
in
use
face
significant
challenges,
such
as
capacity
degradation
sodium
metal
plating
during
fast‐charging.
This
paper
explores
entire
process
Na
+
migration
from
electrolyte
to
bulk
phase
HC
examines
factors
influencing
at
each
stage.
It
then
summarizes
key
strategies
for
achieving
SIBs,
with
a
focus
on
optimization,
surface
coating,
structural
optimization.
Finally,
highlights
main
challenges
future
prospects
developing
anodes,
offering
valuable
insights
advancing
technologies.
