Nectar and floral morphology differ in evolutionary potential in novel pollination environments

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 243(2), P. 753 - 764

Published: May 7, 2024

Plants can evolve rapidly after pollinator changes, but the response of different floral traits to novel selection vary. Floral morphology is often expected show high integration maintain pollination accuracy, while nectar be more environmentally sensitive. The relative role genetic correlations and phenotypic plasticity (PP) in evolution remains unclear, particularly for traits, studied context recent changes. Digitalis purpurea shows rapid corolla not following a range expansion with hummingbirds added as pollinators. We use this species compare PP, heritability, evolvability common garden. Morphological showed higher heritability than proximal section corolla, which regulates access underwent change introduced populations, presented lower rest phenotype. Nectar was plastic morphology, driven by highly sugar concentration. production rate potential respond selection. These results explain differential previously observed how intrafloral modularity determines variable evolutionary morphological traits.

Language: Английский

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New QTLs involved in the control of stigma position in tomato

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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The genetic control of herkogamy

Functional Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(5)

Published: April 30, 2024

Herkogamy is the spatial separation of anthers and stigmas within complete flowers, a key floral trait that promotes outcrossing in many angiosperms. The degree between pollen-producing receptive has been shown to influence rates self-pollination amongst plants, with reduction herkogamy increasing successful selfing self-compatible species. Self-pollination becoming critical issue horticultural crops grown environments where biotic pollinators are limited, absent, or difficult utilise. In these cases, poor pollination results reduced yield misshapen fruit. Whilst there growing body work elucidating genetic basis organ development, environmental control points regulating poorly understood. A better understanding developmental regulatory pathways involved establishing varying degrees needed provide insights into production flowers more adept at produce consistent, high-quality This review presents our current from genetics hormonal perspective.

Language: Английский

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Evolvability and constraint in the evolution of three‐dimensional flower morphology

American Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 109(11), P. 1906 - 1917

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Abstract Premise Flower phenotypes evolve to attract pollinators and ensure efficient pollen transfer from the bodies of or, in self‐compatible bisexual flowers, between anthers stigmas. If functionally interacting traits are genetically correlated, response selection may be subject genetic constraints. Genetic constraints can assessed by quantifying standing variation (multivariate) phenotypic asking how much available is reduced under specific assumptions about on correlated traits. Methods We evaluated multivariate evolvability potential underlying evolution three‐dimensional structure Dalechampia blossoms. First, we used data a greenhouse crossing design estimate G matrix for representing relative positions male female sexual organs (anthers stigmas) ask distributed space. To assess evolutionary importance constraints, related across space divergence population species same directions. Results Evolvabilities varied substantially phenotype space, suggesting that certain or trait combinations strong constraint. Traits involved flower‐pollinator fit autonomous selfing exhibited considerable independent potential, but tended occur directions associated with greater‐than‐average evolvability. Conclusions These results consistent hypothesis hamper joint towards optimum self‐pollination rates.

Language: Английский

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Sexually concordant selection on floral traits despite greater opportunity for selection through male fitness

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 241(2), P. 926 - 936

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

Pollinators are important drivers of floral trait evolution, yet plant populations not always perfectly adapted to their pollinators. Such apparent maladaptation may result from conflicting selection through male and female sexual functions in hermaphrodites. We studied sex-specific mating patterns phenotypic on traits Aconitum gymnandrum. After genotyping 1786 offspring, we partitioned individual fitness into selfed outcrossed components estimated acting each. Relative increased with increasing mate number, more so for function. This led greater opportunity fitness, though tended be similar, better support rather than components. detected directional one or component larger flower flowers, negative nectar gradients within inflorescences. Our results consistent Bateman's principles illustrate that, despite the expected difference selection, variation across can similar functions. These shed new light effect evolution traits.

Language: Английский

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Exact expressions and numerical evaluation of average evolvability measures for characterizing and comparing $$\textbf{G}$$ matrices

Journal of Mathematical Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 86(6)

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract Theory predicts that the additive genetic covariance ( $$\textbf{G}$$ G ) matrix determines a population’s short-term (in)ability to respond directional selection—evolvability in Hansen–Houle sense—which is typically quantified and compared via certain scalar indices called evolvability measures. Often, interest obtaining averages of these measures across all possible selection gradients, but explicit formulae for most average have not been known. Previous authors relied either on approximations by delta method, whose accuracy generally unknown, or Monte Carlo evaluations (including random skewers analysis), which necessarily involve fluctuations. This study presents new, exact expressions conditional evolvability, autonomy, respondability, flexibility, response difference, correlation, utilizing their mathematical structures as ratios quadratic forms. The new are infinite series involving top-order zonal invariant polynomials arguments, can be numerically evaluated partial sums with, some measures, known error bounds. Whenever converge within reasonable computational time memory, they will replace previous approximate methods. In addition, derived under general normal distribution gradient, extending applicability into substantially broader class regimes.

Language: Английский

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Colonization of a Novel Host Plant Reduces Phenotypic Variation

Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(2), P. 269 - 282

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Understanding the evolution of evolvability—the evolutionary potential populations—is key to predicting adaptation novel environments. Despite growing evidence that evolvability structures adaptation, it remains unclear how environments in turn influences evolvability. Here we address interplay between and peacock fly Tephritis conura, which recently underwent an adaptive change ovipositor length following a host shift. We compared morphological traits, including length, ancestral derived race. found mean was reduced females race However, patterns multivariate (considering trait covariances) were very similar both races, populations had diverged from directions greater-than-average Exploration phenotypic integration further revealed relatively high levels independent variation other measured allowing some degree divergence. Our findings suggest can reduce without major changes variational constraints, autonomy helps facilitate divergence functionally important traits.

Language: Английский

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Distribution theories for genetic line of least resistance and evolvability measures

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(12), P. 1576 - 1590

Published: April 24, 2024

Abstract Quantitative genetic theory on multivariate character evolution predicts that a population’s response to directional selection is biased towards the major axis of covariance matrix G—the so-called line least resistance. Inferences constraints in this sense have traditionally been made by measuring angle deviation evolutionary trajectories from or, more recently, calculating amount variance—the Hansen–Houle evolvability—available along trajectories. However, there not clear practical guidelines how these quantities can be interpreted, especially high-dimensional space. This study summarizes pertinent distribution theories for relevant quantities, pointing out they written as ratios quadratic forms trajectory vectors taking G parameter. For example, beta with appropriate parameters used null squared cosine or subspace. More general cases handled probability normal variables. Apart its use hypothesis testing, latter approach could potentially heuristic tool looking into various scenarios, like and/or correlated selection, parameterized mean and gradients.

Language: Английский

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A functional view of flower–pollinator trait matching. A commentary on ‘Mismatching explained: constricted corolla tubes in Roscoea elevate the nectar’

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 132(6), P. v - vii

Published: Oct. 28, 2023

This article comments on: Bo Wang, Ze-Yu Tong, Ying-Ze Xiong, Xiao-Fan W. Scott Armbruster and Shuang-Quan Huang. The evolution of flower–pollinator trait matching, why do some alpine gingers appear to be mismatched?, Annals Botany, Volume 132, Issue 6, 3 November 2023, Pages 1073–1087, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcad141

Language: Английский

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New QTLs involved in the control of stigma position in tomato

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Abstract The tomato mating system was strongly affected by domestication events. Mutations disrupting self-incompatibility paralleled changes retracting the stigma position (SP) within staminal cone conferred strict autogamy and self-fertility to cultivated forms. Although major genes affecting these have been identified, SP control in domesticated forms retaining a non-inserted or heat-inducible needs elucidation. To widen possibility of identifying genetic determinants, we analysed trait four populations (two germplasm collections, multiparental recombinant inbred biparental progeny) under different environmental conditions (normal heat stressed). Overall, 36 markers significantly associated with were discovered. Several co-localizations found, both among regions firstly reported this work them previously positions. This supported reliability analysis. Three such regions, long arms chromosome 1, 8 11, validated an independent segregating population candidate confidence intervals identified transcription factors hormone, stress cell-wall-related genes. In conclusion, hypothesis that phenotype is controlled key-genes tomato, paving way novel players mechanisms involved regulation herkogamy. Highlight study three collections allowed identification new significant for while confirmed several QTLs.

Language: Английский

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