A trait‐based approach to determining principles of plant biogeography

American Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 110(2)

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Lineage-specific traits determine how plants interact with their surrounding environment. Unrelated species may evolve similar phenotypic characteristics to tolerate, persist in, and invade environments certain characteristics, resulting in some becoming relatively more common types of habitats. Analyses these general patterns geographical trait distribution have led the proposal principles explain diversify space over time. Trait-environment correlation analyses quantify what extent unrelated lineages evolutionary responses a given type habitat. In this synthesis, I give short historical overview on trait-environment analyses, from key observations classic naturalists modern approaches using evolution models, large phylogenies, massive data sets distributions. discuss limitations approaches, including need for realistic lack tropical areas, necessary focus scoring that goes beyond macromorphology. Overcoming will allow field explore new questions related lability niche better identify generalities exceptions

Language: Английский

---

Vascular variants in seed plants—a developmental perspective

AoB Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: July 1, 2023

Abstract Over centuries of plant morphological research, biologists have enthusiastically explored how distinct vascular arrangements diversified. These investigations focused on the evolution steles and secondary growth examined diversity tissues (xylem phloem), including atypical developmental pathways generated through modifications to typical development ancestral ontogenies. A shared vernacular has evolved for communicating alternative ontogenies in seed plants. Botanists traditionally used term ‘anomalous growth’ which was later renamed ‘cambial variants’ by late Dr. Sherwin Carlquist (1988). However, can be vague meaning since it is applied that do not necessarily originate from cambial activity. Here, we review concept propose ‘vascular as a more inclusive overarching framework interpret In this framework, variants are defined their origin (instead anatomical patterns), allowing classification into three categories: (i) procambial variants, (ii) (iii) ectopic cambia. Each category includes several patterns. Vascular represent broader based groups, both extant fossil plants, thereby offer adequate an evolutionary perspective. An overview phylogenetic distribution across selected plants provided. Finally, viewpoint discusses implications variants.

Language: Английский

---

Tuber, or not tuber: Molecular and morphological basis of underground storage organ development

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 102544 - 102544

Published: May 16, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Integrating spatial analyses and microbotanical remains: A methodological approach for investigating plant processing activities and domestic spaces at Neolithic Çatalhöyük

Journal of Archaeological Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 105926 - 105926

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

In archaeology, the study of past plant processing activities in domestic spaces has hitherto relied greatly on observed distribution macrobotanical and artefactual remains. However, surfaces where such took place can themselves preserve microscopic remains, potentially traceable to activity that originated them. This paper presents new aspects plant-related tasks, use living space, at household level, Neolithic Çatalhöyük through spatial analyses phytoliths starch grains recovered from two house floors. Results have revealed tasks as crop processing, plant-based crafts, management culinary wild resources previously unrepresented archaeobotanical assemblage. These distinctive uses vegetal identified microbotanical remains shed light complex social organisation one earliest farming communities Western Asia.

Language: Английский

---

Bioactive Phytochemicals from Garlic (Allium sativum L.) By-Products

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

The PteridoPortal: A publicly accessible collection of over three million records of extant and extinct pteridophytes

Applications in Plant Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Pteridophytes-vascular land plants that disperse by spores-are a powerful system for studying plant evolution, particularly with respect to the impact of abiotic factors on evolutionary trajectories through deep time. However, our ability use pteridophytes investigate such questions-or capitalize ecological and conservation-related applications group-has been impaired relative isolation neo- paleobotanical research communities absence large-scale biodiversity data sources. Here we present Pteridophyte Collections Consortium (PCC), an interdisciplinary community uniting paleobotanists, associated PteridoPortal, publicly accessible online portal serves over three million pteridophyte records, including herbarium specimens, paleontological museum iNaturalist observations. We demonstrate utility PteridoPortal discussion example PteridoPortal-enabled projects. The within are global in scope queryable flexible manner. contains taxonomic thesaurus (a digital version Linnaean classification) includes both extant extinct common phylogenetic framework. allows as greatly accelerated classic floristics, entirely new "next-generation" floristic approaches, study environmentally mediated evolution functional morphology across PCC provide comprehensive resource enabling novel into ecology, conservation time, facilitating rapid analyses other biodiversity-related investigations, providing opportunities education engagement.

Language: Английский

---

Overlooked forbs – implications for rangeland biodiversity and function in southern Africa

African Journal of Range and Forage Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Frequent defoliation rapidly and progressively reduces the vigour of a perennial mesic grassland forb, Thunbergia atriplicifolia

African Journal of Range and Forage Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 10

Published: May 6, 2025

Language: Английский

---

The effect of moisture, nutrients and disturbance on storage organ size and persistence in temperate herbs

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(2), P. 314 - 325

Published: Dec. 27, 2021

Abstract Perennial herbaceous plants in seasonal temperate climates must form belowground storage organs to contain carbohydrates for regrowth and mitigate disturbance damage. The factors that dictate the size turnover of these are still little understood. According Integrator–Splitter Hypothesis, organ persistence decreases with greater moisture nutrient availability. Resprouter‐Seeder Hypothesis predicts investments into largest when severe disturbances occur at an intermediate frequency. Additionally, according Carbon Surplus should increase lower We measured traits (lateral spread persistence) parameters more than 200 species clonal perennial herbs assessed their relationship different environmental gradients linked productivity (moisture nutrients) regime (disturbance frequency severity). we included plant height account potential scaling relationships between size. Disturbance had negative effects on turnover, other severity) positive effects. Storage volume correlated strongly diameter (height). divergence lateral along gradient supported reduction under Hypothesis. was not affected by availability; thus our results contradict Although this is important evidence allocation strategy, future studies will need include measurements carbohydrate content understand difference investment structural growth as opposed stored later use. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within Supporting Information article.

Language: Английский

---

Unearthing Modes of Climatic Adaptation in Underground Storage Organs Across Liliales

Systematic Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72(1), P. 198 - 212

Published: Oct. 28, 2022

Testing adaptive hypotheses about how continuous traits evolve in association with developmentally structured discrete traits, while accounting for the confounding influence of other, hidden, evolutionary forces, remains a challenge biology. For example, geophytes are herbaceous plants-with underground buds-that use storage organs (USOs) to survive extended periods unfavorable conditions. Such plants have evolved multiple times independently across all major vascular plant lineages. Even within closely related lineages, however, show impressive variation morphological modifications and structures (i.e.,"types" USOs) that allow them underground. Despite developmental structural complexity USOs, prevailing hypothesis is they represent convergent "solutions" common ecological problem, though some recent research has drawn this conclusion into question. We extend existing phylogenetic comparative methods test links between hierarchical associated USOs adaptation environmental variables, using phylogeny 621 species Liliales. found different USO types do not differ climatic niche more than expected by chance, exception root morphology, where modified roots lower temperature seasonality. These findings suggest tubers may reflect adaptations conditions those represented other USOs. Thus, tissue type origin structure way it mediates relationships, which draws question appropriateness ascribing broad patterns uniformly geophytic taxa. This work provides new framework testing linking morphologically varying taxa (non-independent) relationships data. [Climatic evolution; geophytes; imperfect correspondence; macroevolution.].

Language: Английский

---