The causes of porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia: A reappraisal of the iron‐deficiency‐anemia hypothesis

American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 139(2), P. 109 - 125

Published: March 11, 2009

Abstract Porosities in the outer table of cranial vault (porotic hyperostosis) and orbital roof (cribra orbitalia) are among most frequent pathological lesions seen ancient human skeletal collections. Since 1950s, chronic iron‐deficiency anemia has been widely accepted as probable cause both conditions. Based on this proposed etiology, bioarchaeologists use prevalence these conditions to infer living conducive dietary iron deficiency, malabsorption, loss from diarrheal disease intestinal parasites earlier populations. This iron‐deficiency‐anemia hypothesis is inconsistent with recent hematological research that shows deficiency per se cannot sustain massive red blood cell production causes marrow expansion responsible for lesions. Several lines evidence suggest accelerated compensatory over‐production cells hemolytic megaloblastic anemias likely proximate porotic hyperostosis. Although porosities sometimes conflated under term hyperostosis, paleopathological clinical suggests they often have different etiologies. Reconsidering etiology important implications current interpretations malnutrition infectious Am J Phys Anthropol 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Language: Английский

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New Directions in Bioarchaeology: Recent Contributions to the Study of Human Social Identities

Journal of Archaeological Research, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 397 - 432

Published: April 10, 2008

Language: Английский

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Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis: A biological approach to diagnosis

American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 167(4), P. 896 - 902

Published: Sept. 27, 2018

Abstract Objectives Porotic lesions of the skull ( cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis) are one most common types lesion identified in archaeological human bone have also been found hominins non‐human primates. Because frequency with which such there has extensive debate on possible causes whether they linked, much centering anemia. The biological approach to diagnosis paleopathology used by Don Ortner recently proposed more formally as a technique facilitate Simon Mays may offer means answering some questions surrounding these lesions. Materials Methods A review was undertaken biomedical information changes distribution marrow type pattern conversion red mixed marrow, potential for re‐conversion yellow age. range other conditions that might result development porous were considered. Results Combining from literature patterns age, careful evaluation location across rest skeleton will assist suggesting diagnosis. Discussion wide can produce cranial vault orbital roof, but due anatomical structures physiological factors likely occur roof. Anemia both locations, evidence expansion is required confirm it cause.

Language: Английский

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Urban vs rural lifestyle in Roman Italy: a bioarchaeological and paleopathological investigation

Journal of Archaeological Science Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 105007 - 105007

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Bioarchaeology of Children

Published: Nov. 30, 2006

This book is entirely devoted to the study of children's skeletons from archaeological and forensic contexts. It provides an extensive review osteological methods theoretical concepts their analysis. Non-adult provide a wealth information on physical social life child growth, diet age at death, factors that expose them trauma disease different stages lives. covers affect non-adult skeletal preservation; assessment age, sex ancestry; growth development; infant mortality including infanticide; weaning ages dietary deficiency; pathology; personal identification exposure birth injuries, accidents abuse; providing insights for graduates postgraduates in osteology, palaeopathology anthropology.

Language: Английский

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Contact in the Andes: Bioarchaeology of systemic stress in colonial Mórrope, Peru

American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 138(3), P. 356 - 368

Published: Oct. 24, 2008

Abstract The biocultural interchange between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres beginning in late fifteenth century initiated an unprecedented adaptive transition for Native Americans. This article presents findings from initial population biological study of contact Central Andes Peru using human skeletal remains. We test hypothesis that as a consequence Spanish colonization, indigenous Mochica Mórrope on north coast experienced elevated systemic stress. Using multivariate statistical methods, we examine childhood stress reflected prevalence linear enamel hypoplasias porotic hyperostosis, femoral growth velocity, terminal adult stature. Nonspecific periosteal infection D 30+ /D 5+ ratio estimations female fertility characterized Compared to pre‐Hispanic population, statistically significant patterns increased hyperostosis inflammation, subadult faltering, depressed indicate postcontact among both children adults Mórrope. Terminal stature was unchanged. A decrease hypoplasia may not improved health, but reflect effects high‐mortality epidemic disease. Various lines physiological, archaeological, ethnohistoric evidence point specific socioeconomic microenvironmental factors shaped these outcomes, aggregation this colonial town likely played fundamental role morbidity. These results inform model coastal Andean health outcomes local regional scales contribute expanding understandings diversity variation Hemisphere. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary Ecology, Resource Depression, and Niche Construction Theory: Applications to Central California Hunter-Gatherers and Mimbres-Mogollon Agriculturalists

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 371 - 421

Published: July 16, 2010

Language: Английский

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Childhood development and adult longevity in an archaeological population from Barton-upon-Humber, Lincolnshire, England

International Journal of Paleopathology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 95 - 104

Published: June 1, 2013

Language: Английский

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Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are associated with respiratory infections in a contemporary mortality sample from New Mexico

American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 173(4), P. 721 - 733

Published: Aug. 31, 2020

Abstract Objectives Cribra orbitalia (CO) and porotic hyperostosis (PH) are porous cranial lesions (PCLs) classically associated with iron‐deficiency anemia in bioarchaeological contexts. However, recent studies indicate a need to reassess the interpretation of PCLs. This study addresses potential health correlates PCLs contemporary sample by examining relationships between known cause death (COD) PCL presence/absence. Methods includes 461 juvenile individuals (6 months 15 years age) who underwent examination at University New Mexico's Office Medical Investigator 2011 2019. The information available for each individual their sex, age death, COD manner death. Results Odds ratio having CO (OR = 3.92, p < .01) or PH 2.86, .02) increased respiratory infections. Individuals heart conditions have odds 3.52, .03) lesions, but not PH. Conclusion infection more likely and/or appears greater range than does, as indicated condition results. congenital defects higher risk infections, so bony alterations cases may be due illness. Since remains leading mortality today, contexts should considered indicators infections past.

Language: Английский

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Skeletal manifestations of disease experience: Length of illness and porous cranial lesion formation in a contemporary juvenile mortality sample

American Journal of Human Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(8)

Published: March 28, 2023

Porous lesions of the orbit (cribra orbitalia [CO]) and cranial vault (porotic hyperostosis [PH]) are used as skeletal indicators childhood stress. Because they understudied in contemporary populations, their relationship to disease experience is poorly understood. This paper examines between length illness CO/PH formation a clinically documented sample. "Turning points," which identify window for lesion CO/PH, defined, implications hidden heterogeneity frailty considered.Data from 333 (199 males; 134 females) pediatric postmortem computed tomography scans. Individuals died New Mexico (2011-2019) 0.5 15.99 years (mean = 7.1). Length was estimated using information autopsy field reports. Logistic regression estimate predicted probabilities, odds ratios, temporal formation.Illness, single bouts, or cumulative episodes lasting over 1 month associated with higher CO; individuals who were never sick have lower having PH. consistent fatal incidental illnesses that did not cause death. The developmental CO appears close at 8 years.Those ill more likely than those acute illnesses. Some lived sufficiently long form but illness. Others circumstances unrelated disease. indicates variation robusticity even among vital interpreting frequencies archeological record.

Language: Английский

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