Gut Dysbiosis and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Autoimmune Diseases DOI Open Access
Paulína Belvončíková, Martin Marônek, Roman Gardlík

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(18), P. 10729 - 10729

Published: Sept. 14, 2022

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has recently been reported in a number of clinical states, including neurological, psychiatric, cardiovascular, metabolic and autoimmune disorders. Yet, it is not completely understood how colonizing microorganisms are implicated their pathophysiology molecular pathways. There suggested mechanisms gut triggers or sustains extraintestinal diseases; however, none these have widely accepted as part the disease pathogenesis. Recent studies proposed that its metabolites could play pivotal role modulation immune system responses development autoimmunity diseases such rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis type 1 diabetes. Fecal transplantation (FMT) valuable tool for uncovering pathological processes. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about potential FMT studying pathogeneses therapies diseases. Herein, we discuss pathologies with at least one published ongoing study human animal models.

Language: Английский

The role of the probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila in brain functions: insights underpinning therapeutic potential DOI Creative Commons
Ruiling Xu, Yuxuan Zhang, Shurui Chen

et al.

Critical Reviews in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 49(2), P. 151 - 176

Published: March 11, 2022

The role of Akkermansia muciniphila, one the most abundant microorganisms intestinal microbiota, has been studied extensively in metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. It is considered a next-generation probiotic microorganism. Although its mechanism action not fully elucidated, accumulating evidence indicates important A. muciniphila brain functions via gut-brain axis potential therapeutic target various neuropsychiatric disorders. However, only limited number studies, particularly clinical have directly assessed effects interventions these This first review to discuss comprehensive protection mucosal barrier modulation immune system metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, amino acid derivatives. Additionally, disorders, including Alzheimer's disease cognitive deficit, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, multiple discussed. suggests healthy functions.

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Akkermansia muciniphila induces mitochondrial calcium overload and α -synuclein aggregation in an enteroendocrine cell line DOI Creative Commons
Dionísio Pedro Amorim Neto, Beatriz Pelegrini Bosque, João Vitor Pereira de Godoy

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 103908 - 103908

Published: Feb. 11, 2022

The gut microbiota influence neurodevelopment, modulate behavior, and contribute to neurodegenerative disorders. Several studies have consistently reported a greater abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in Parkinson disease (PD) fecal samples. Therefore, we investigated whether A.muciniphila-conditioned medium (CM) could initiate α-synuclein (αSyn) misfolding enteroendocrine cells (EEC) — component the epithelium featuring neuron-like properties. We found that A. CM composition is influenced by ability strain degrade mucin. Our vitro experiments showed protein-enriched fraction mucin-free induces RyR-mediated Ca2+ release increased mitochondrial uptake leading ROS generation αSyn aggregation. Oral administration cultivated absence mucin mice led aggregation cholecystokinin (CCK)-positive EECs but no motor deficits were observed. Noteworthy, buffering reverted damaging effects These molecular insights offer evidence bacterial proteins can induce EECs.

Language: Английский

Citations

55
Fecal microbiota transplantation is safe and tolerable in patients with multiple sclerosis: A pilot randomized controlled trial DOI Creative Commons
Kait F. Al, Laura J. Craven,

Shaeley Gibbons

et al.

Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental Translational and Clinical, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(2)

Published: April 1, 2022

Patients with MS have an altered gut microbiota compared to healthy individuals, as well elevated small intestinal permeability, which may be contributing the development and progression of disease.We sought investigate if fecal transplantation was safe tolerable in patients it could improve abnormal permeability.Nine were recruited provided monthly FMTs for up six months. The primary outcome investigated change peripheral blood cytokine concentrations. secondary outcomes composition, safety (assessed EDSS MRI).The study terminated early subsequently underpowered assess whether cytokines following FMTs. this group patients. Two five had permeability at baseline that improved normal values Significant, donor-specific, beneficial alterations patient observed FMT.FMT cohort RRMS patients, has potential enrich MS-protective microbiota. Further studies longer follow-up larger sample sizes are required determine FMT is a suitable therapy MS.

Language: Английский

Citations

55
Mining the microbiota to identify gut commensals modulating neuroinflammation in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis DOI Creative Commons
Paola Bianchimano,

Graham J. Britton,

David Wallach

et al.

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Abstract Background The gut microbiome plays an important role in autoimmunity including multiple sclerosis and its mouse model called experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Prior studies have demonstrated that the microbiota can contribute to disease, hence making it a potential therapeutic target. In addition, antibiotic treatment has been shown ameliorate disease EAE of sclerosis. Yet, this date, mechanisms mediating these effects are not understood. Furthermore, there is no consensus on gut-derived bacterial strains drive neuroinflammation Results Here, we characterized untreated vancomycin-treated mice over time identify bacteria with neuroimmunomodulatory potential. We observed alterations composition following induction. found vancomycin ameliorates EAE, protective effect mediated via microbiota. Notably, increased abundance known be strong inducers regulatory T cells, members Clostridium clusters XIVa XVIII during presymptomatic phase as well at peak. identified 50 taxa correlate severity. Interestingly, several exist human gut, some them implicated Anaerotruncus colihominis , butyrate producer which had positive correlation associated induction RORγt + cells mesenteric lymph nodes. Conclusions potent modulator gut-brain axis by promoting proliferation species induce cells. our findings reveal commensals regulator used further characterize pathogenic beneficial host-microbiota interactions patients. Our suggest elevated patients may represent mechanism recovery from disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Gut Dysbiosis and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Autoimmune Diseases DOI Open Access
Paulína Belvončíková, Martin Marônek, Roman Gardlík

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(18), P. 10729 - 10729

Published: Sept. 14, 2022

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has recently been reported in a number of clinical states, including neurological, psychiatric, cardiovascular, metabolic and autoimmune disorders. Yet, it is not completely understood how colonizing microorganisms are implicated their pathophysiology molecular pathways. There suggested mechanisms gut triggers or sustains extraintestinal diseases; however, none these have widely accepted as part the disease pathogenesis. Recent studies proposed that its metabolites could play pivotal role modulation immune system responses development autoimmunity diseases such rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis type 1 diabetes. Fecal transplantation (FMT) valuable tool for uncovering pathological processes. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about potential FMT studying pathogeneses therapies diseases. Herein, we discuss pathologies with at least one published ongoing study human animal models.

Language: Английский

Citations

48