Bridging Lab and Industry with Flow Electrochemistry DOI Creative Commons
Nour Tanbouza, Thierry Ollevier, Kevin Lam

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(11), P. 101720 - 101720

Published: Oct. 23, 2020

A revitalization of organic electrosynthesis has incited the chemistry community to adopt electrochemistry as a green and cost-efficient method for activating small molecules replace highly toxic expensive redox chemicals. However, many critical challenges batch electrosynthesis, especially synthesis, still remain. The combination continuous flow technology is potent means enable industry implement large scale electrosynthesis. Indeed, helps overcome problems that mainly arise from macro electro-organic systems, such mass transfer, ohmic drop, selectivity, but this far being flawless generic applicable process. As result, notable increase in research on methodology hardware sophistication emerged, hitherto uncharted chemistries have been achieved. To better help commercialization wide-scale electrification we highlight perspective advances made large-scale its future trajectory while pointing out main key improvements current methodologies.

Language: Английский

Organic Electrochemistry: Molecular Syntheses with Potential DOI Creative Commons
Cuiju Zhu, Nate W. J. Ang, Tjark H. Meyer

et al.

ACS Central Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 415 - 431

Published: March 9, 2021

Efficient and selective molecular syntheses are paramount to

Language: Английский

Citations

582
Electro-organic synthesis – a 21stcentury technique DOI

Dennis Pollok,

Siegfried R. Waldvogel

Chemical Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(46), P. 12386 - 12400

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

This perspective provides insight into recent electro-organic methods and general trends in this field, opens up prospects for future viewpoints.

Language: Английский

Citations

523
Powering the Future: How Can Electrochemistry Make a Difference in Organic Synthesis? DOI Creative Commons
Tjark H. Meyer, Isaac Choi, Cong Tian

et al.

Chem, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(10), P. 2484 - 2496

Published: Sept. 24, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

377
Photons or Electrons? A Critical Comparison of Electrochemistry and Photoredox Catalysis for Organic Synthesis DOI
Nicholas E. S. Tay, Dan Lehnherr, Tomislav Rovis

et al.

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(2), P. 2487 - 2649

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Redox processes are at the heart of synthetic methods that rely on either electrochemistry or photoredox catalysis, but how do and catalysis compare? Both approaches provide access to high energy intermediates (e.g., radicals) enable bond formations not constrained by rules ionic 2 electron (e) mechanisms. Instead, they 1e mechanisms capable bypassing electronic steric limitations protecting group requirements, thus enabling chemists disconnect molecules in new different ways. However, while providing similar intermediates, differ several physical chemistry principles. Understanding those differences can be key designing transformations forging disconnections. This review aims highlight these similarities between comparing their underlying principles describing impact electrochemical photochemical methods.

Language: Английский

Citations

357
Recent advances in organic electrosynthesis employing transition metal complexes as electrocatalysts DOI
Cong Ma, Ping Fang,

Zhao‐Ran Liu

et al.

Science Bulletin, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 66(23), P. 2412 - 2429

Published: July 13, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

293
Enantioselective electrochemical cobalt-catalyzed aryl C–H activation reactions DOI
Tristan von Münchow, Suman Dana, Yang Xu

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 379(6636), P. 1036 - 1042

Published: March 10, 2023

Enantioselective redox transformations typically rely on costly transition metals as catalysts and often stoichiometric amounts of chemical agents well. Electrocatalysis represents a more sustainable alternative, in particular through the use hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) place oxidant. In this work, we describe strategies for HER-coupled enantioselective aryl carbon-hydrogen bond (C-H) activation reactions using cobalt precious metal catalyst asymmetric oxidation. Thus, highly nitrogen-hydrogen (C-H N-H) annulations carboxylic amides were achieved, which gave access to point axially chiral compounds. Furthermore, cobalt-mediated electrocatalysis enabled preparation various phosphorus (P)-stereogenic compounds by selective desymmetrization dehydrogenative C-H reactions.

Language: Английский

Citations

169
Electrochemical generation of nitrogen-centered radicals for organic synthesis DOI Creative Commons
Na Chen, Hai‐Chao Xu

Green Synthesis and Catalysis, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 165 - 178

Published: March 29, 2021

There is a resurgence of interests in organic electrochemistry, which generally accepted as green synthetic tool. In this context, many electrochemical methods have been developed the past decade to access various nitrogen-centered radicals (NCRs) from readily available precursors controlled fashion, enabling rapid development NCR-mediated new reactions for construction nitrogen-containing compounds. review, recent advances chemistry electrochemically generated NCRs are critically highlighted, based on strategies their formation and types NCRs. Focus put mechanism generation different applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

161
TEMPO-Enabled Electrochemical Enantioselective Oxidative Coupling of Secondary Acyclic Amines with Ketones DOI
Zhenhua Wang, Pei‐Sen Gao, Xiu Wang

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 143(38), P. 15599 - 15605

Published: Sept. 17, 2021

An electrochemical asymmetric coupling of secondary acyclic amines with ketones via a Shono-type oxidation has been described, affording the corresponding amino acid derivatives good to excellent diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity. The addition an N-oxyl radical as redox mediator could selectively oxidize substrate rather than product, although their potential difference is subtle (about 13 mV). This transformation proceeds in absence stoichiometric additives, including metals, oxidants, electrolytes, which gives it functional group compatibility. Mechanistic studies suggest that proton-mediated racemization product prevented by reduction protons at cathode.

Language: Английский

Citations

145
Recent progress in cathodic reduction-enabled organic electrosynthesis: Trends, challenges, and opportunities DOI Creative Commons
Binbin Huang, Zemin Sun, Genban Sun

et al.

eScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 243 - 277

Published: April 23, 2022

Compared with general redox chemistry, electrochemistry using the electron as a potent, controllable, yet traceless alternative to chemical oxidants/reductants usually offers more sustainable options for achieving selective organic synthesis. With its environmentally benign features gradually being uncovered and studied, electrosynthesis is currently undergoing revival becoming rapidly growing area within synthetic community. Among electrochemical transformations, anodically enabled ones have been far extensively exploited than those driven by cathodic reduction, although both approaches are conceptually attractive. To stimulate development of cathodically reactions, this review summarizes recently developed reductive electrosynthetic protocols, discussing highlighting reaction features, substrate scopes, applications, plausible mechanisms reveal recent trends in area. Herein, reduction-enabled preparative transformations categorized into four types: reduction (1) unsaturated hydrocarbons, (2) heteroatom-containing carbon-based systems, (3) saturated C-hetero or C–C polar/strained bonds, (4) hetero-hetero linkages. Apart from net electroreductive few examples photo-electrosynthesis well paired electrolysis also introduced, which offer opportunities overcome certain limitations improve versatility. The electrochemically driven, transition metal-catalyzed cross-couplings that comprehensively discussed several other reviews not included here.

Language: Английский

Citations

137
Single Atom Ru Monolithic Electrode for Efficient Chlorine Evolution and Nitrate Reduction DOI
Yancai Yao, Long Zhao, Jie Dai

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61(41)

Published: Aug. 31, 2022

Fabricating single-atom electrodes via atomic dispersion of active metal atoms into monolithic supports is great significance to advancing the lab-to-fab translation electrochemical technologies. Here, we report an inherent oxide anchoring strategy fasten ligand-free isolated Ru on amorphous layer Ti support by regulating electronic metal-support interactions. The prepared single atom electrode exhibited exceptional chlorine evolution activity, three orders magnitude higher mass activity than that commercial dimensionally stable anode, and also selectively reduced nitrate ammonia with unprecedented yield rate 22.2 mol g-1 h-1 at -0.3 V. Furthermore, can be scaled up from 2×2 cm 25×15 least, thus demonstrating potential for industrial electrocatalytic applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

136