3D Printing Nanostructured Solid Polymer Electrolytes with High Modulus and Conductivity

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(42)

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

The development of advanced solid-state energy-storage devices is contingent upon finding new ways to produce and manufacture scalable, high-modulus electrolytes that can simultaneously provide high ionic conductivity robust mechanical integrity. In this work, an efficient one-step process solid polymer composed nanoscale ion-conducting channels embedded in a rigid crosslinked matrix via Digital Light Processing 3D printing reported. A visible-light-mediated polymerization-induced microphase-separation approach utilized, which produces materials with two chemically independent domains highly tunable nanoarchitectures. By producing containing poly(ethylene oxide) domain swelled liquid, outstanding room-temperature (22 °C) shear modulus (G' > 108 Pa) conductivities up σ = 3 × 10-4 S cm-1 are achieved. nanostructured 3D-printed fabricated into custom geometry employed symmetric carbon supercapacitor, demonstrating the scalability fabrication functionality electrolyte. Critically, these high-performance manufactured on demand using inexpensive commercially available printers, allows facile modular design geometries.

Language: Английский

---

A Photoinduced Dual‐Wavelength Approach for 3D Printing and Self‐Healing of Thermosetting Materials

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 61(11)

Published: Dec. 3, 2021

Vat photopolymerization-based 3D printing techniques have been widely used to produce high-resolution thermosetting materials. However, the lack of repairability these thermosets leads production waste. In this study, reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents are incorporated into resin formulations allow visible light (405 nm) mediated materials with self-healing capabilities. The process is based on reactivation RAFT agent embedded in under UV (365 nm), which enables reformation polymeric network. can be performed at room temperature without prior deoxygenation. impact type and concentration polymer network healing efficiency explored. Resins containing enable properties, broadening scope future applications for various fields.

Language: Английский

---

The Emergence of Reversible–Deactivation Radical Polymerization in 3D Printing

Advanced Materials Technologies, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(5)

Published: Sept. 18, 2022

Abstract The majority of materials 3D printed using vat photopolymerization techniques are prepared by uncontrolled polymerization methods and cannot be easily modified to introduce additional functionality; these can considered as effectively “dead” materials. Fortunately, a suite photocontrolled reversible–deactivation radical (photoRDRP) is recently implemented in printing. In addition their fast rate oxygen tolerance, the high livingness imparted photoRDRP beginning disrupt field printing providing access with advanced properties, including on‐demand editing surface bulk self‐healing, control over nanostructuration mechanical properties. This mini‐review analyzes development photoinduced an emphasis on highly tailorable possible through techniques.

Language: Английский

---

Xanthate-Based Photoiniferter RAFT Polymerization toward Oxygen-Tolerant and Rapid Living 3D Printing

Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(5), P. 1620 - 1628

Published: Feb. 15, 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) printing based on photoinduced reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is emerging as a versatile and powerful method to prepare "living" 3D objects, which can be postmodified with various functionalities. However, an additional photoinitiator or photocatalyst necessary in these systems, toxic will cause negative effects the properties of prepared materials. Here, we report oxygen-tolerant rapid living photoiniferter RAFT polymerization, does not need photoinitiators photocatalysts. A xanthate, O-ethyl-S-2-ethyl propionate, was chosen both agent this process. Various monomers agents were screened system. Materials different utilizing postfunctionalization printed objects. Furthermore, polymer welding proposed by painting fresh between two objects for post-photocuring. This polymerization-based also successfully applied commercial digital light processing technique-based printer, offering facile fabricate materials shapes.

Language: Английский

---

Main‐Chain Fluoropolymers with Alternating Sequence Control via Light‐Driven Reversible‐Deactivation Copolymerization in Batch and Flow

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61(14)

Published: Jan. 13, 2022

Polymers with regulated alternating structures are attractive in practical applications, particularly for main-chain fluoropolymers. We the first time enabled controlled fluoropolymer synthesis sequence regulation using a novel fluorinated xanthate agent via light-driven process, which achieved on-demand copolymerization of chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl esters/amides under both batch flow conditions at ambient pressure. This method creates facile access to fluoropolymers broad fraction range units, low dispersities high chain-end fidelity. Moreover, two-step photo-flow platform was established streamline in-situ chain-extension toward unprecedented block copolymers continuously from fluoroethylene. Influences structural control were illustrated thermal surface properties. anticipate that this work will promote advanced material engineering customized

Language: Английский

---

Controlled radical copolymerization of fluoroalkenes by using light-driven redox-relay catalysis

Nature Synthesis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(7), P. 653 - 662

Published: March 27, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Polymerization Induced Microphase Separation for the Fabrication of Nanostructured Materials

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(44)

Published: July 11, 2023

Polymerization induced microphase separation (PIMS) is a strategy used to develop unique nanostructures with highly useful morphologies through the of emergent block copolymers during polymerization. In this process, are formed at least two chemically independent domains, where one domain composed robust crosslinked polymer. Crucially, synthetically simple method readily nanostructured materials coveted co-continuous morphology, which can also be converted into mesoporous by selective etching domain. As PIMS exploits copolymer mechanism, size each tightly controlled modifying precursors, thus providing unparalleled control over nanostructure and resultant mesopore sizes. Since its inception 11 years ago, has been vast inventory advanced for an extensive range applications including biomedical devices, ion exchange membranes, lithium-ion batteries, catalysis, 3D printing, fluorescence-based sensors, among many others. review, we provide comprehensive overview summarize latest developments in chemistry, discuss utility wide variety relevant applications.

Language: Английский

---

3D Printed Solid Polymer Electrolytes with Bicontinuous Nanoscopic Domains for Ionic Liquid Conduction and Energy Storage

Small, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(50)

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Abstract Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) offer several advantages compared to their liquid counterparts, and much research has focused on developing SPEs with enhanced mechanical properties while maintaining high ionic conductivities. The recently developed polymerization‐induced microphase separation (PIMS) technique offers a straightforward pathway fabricate bicontinuous nanostructured materials in which the conductivity can be independently tuned. In this work tunable conductivities are prepared via digital light processing 3D printing, exploiting PIMS process achieve ion‐conducting for energy storage applications. A rigid crosslinked poly(isobornyl acrylate‐ stat ‐trimethylpropane triacrylate) scaffold provided room temperature shear modulus above 400 MPa, soft poly(oligoethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate) domains containing 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis‐(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide endowed material up 1.2 mS cm −1 at 30 °C. These features make 3D‐printed SPE very competitive applications all solid devices, including supercapacitors.

Language: Английский

---

Customizable and Reconfigurable Surface Properties of Printed Micro‐objects by 3D Direct Laser Writing via Nitroxide Mediated Photopolymerization

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(39)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Abstract Photoactivated Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization (RDRP) technologies have emerged very recently in the field of 3D printing systems especially at macroscale vat‐photopolymerization‐based processes such as digital light processing (DLP). Contrary to conventional free radical photopolymerization, photoRDRP leads objects with living character and thus confers them unique ability be post‐modified after fabrication. While direct laser writing (3D DLW) by two photon polymerization has become a standard for fabrication complex micro‐objects, use RDRP its associated benefits so far been under‐investigated that scale. Herein, photoresist suitable DLW based on nitroxide mediated photopolymerization (NMP2) is developed. The efficiency micro‐structures their subsequent post‐modification are investigated regarding power wavelength excitation. Moreover, highly tunable, precise, successive surface patterning 2D multi‐material microstructures demonstrated thanks spatial temporal control offered photo‐induced post‐modification. This work highlights new directions explored order accelerate adoption photopolymerization.

Language: Английский

---

Application of RAFT in 3D Printing: Where Are the Future Opportunities?

Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(5), P. 1778 - 1797

Published: March 3, 2023

Research into 3D printing using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization has garnered interest since it was first reported in 2019. This technique initially developed to expand the scope of light-based technologies by producing materials that can be modified postprinting, termed "living" printing. The livingness achieved incorporating reactivatable RAFT functionalities within polymer networks, enabling after As field RAFT-mediated progressed, further studies have revealed its applications advanced materials. These include spatially resolved surface functionalization and patterning, self-healing, welding, nano- microscale structuring polymers. Additionally, enables production scaffolds with controlled interconnected channel-pore architecture, suitable for customized drug delivery. Perspective provides a review chemical mechanisms employed highlights manufactured through this technology. Potential research directions are also discussed organized future investigation.

Language: Английский

---