Two-Dimensional Metal Halides for X-Ray Detection Applications

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 20, 2023

Abstract Metal halide perovskites have recently emerged as promising candidates for the next generation of X-ray detectors due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. Especially, two-dimensional (2D) afford many distinct properties, including remarkable structural diversity, high energy, and balanced large exciton binding energy. With advantages 2D materials perovskites, it successfully reduces decomposition phase transition perovskite effectively suppresses ion migration. Meanwhile, existence a hydrophobic spacer can block water molecules, thus making obtain stability. All these attracted much attention in field detection. This review introduces classification summarizes synthesis technology performance characteristics direct detector, briefly discusses application scintillators. Finally, this also emphasizes key challenges faced by practical presents our views on its future development.

Language: Английский

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Organic Cation Design of Manganese Halide Hybrids Glass toward Low‐Temperature Integrated Efficient, Scaling, and Reproducible X‐Ray Detector

Advanced Optical Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(13)

Published: April 5, 2023

Abstract Zero‐dimensional (0D) structure‐based manganese metal halides (MHs) are believed to be the most promising candidates for next‐generation X‐ray scintillators due their intense radioluminescence and environmental friendliness. However, low‐temperature (<180 °C), large‐area integration with more efficient detection remains a tremendous challenge. Herein, from perspective of cation (ionic liquids) structure design, basic physical parameters 0D MHs regulated. And calculations experimental results demonstrate larger‐size cations that induce lower melting temperatures, larger exciton‐binding energies, ion migration energy, tunable hardness, which desirable MHscintillators. As result, champion materialHTP 2 MnBr 4 is achieved as glassy transparency wafer by (165 °C) melt‐quenching. Its application imaging features high spatial resolution (17.28 lp mm −1 ), scalability (>30 × 30 cm strong coupling force. Furthermore, HTP glass reproducible properties demonstrates light yield (38 000 photon MeV excellent irradiation stability, low limit (0.13 µGy s ). The authors believe this work will provide guidance MHscintillators further commercial applications.

Language: Английский

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PF₆⁻ Pseudohalides Anion Based Metal‐Free Perovskite Single Crystal for Stable X‐Ray Detector to Attain Record Sensitivity

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(25)

Published: March 27, 2023

Metal-free perovskites (MFPs) possess excellent photophysical properties of while avoiding the introduction toxic metal ions and organic solvents, have been expanded to X-ray detection. However, iodine-based high-performance MFPs are tended oxidation, corrosion, uncontrolled ion migration, resulting in poor material stability device performance. Herein, strongly electronegative PF6- pseudohalide is used fabricate large-size MDABCO-NH4 (PF6 )3 (MDBACO = methyl-N'-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octonium) single crystals (SCs) for solving problems iodine ions. After pseudohalides, Coulomb interaction hydrogen bonding strength enhanced alleviate ion-migration problems. Moreover, combined with theoretical calculations, pseudohalides increase barrier, affect contribution its components energy band a broadening bandgap. Meanwhile, improved physical properties, such as large activation ionic high resistivity, low current drift, further expand application low-dose sensitive Finally, detector based on SCs achieves sensitivity 2078 µC Gyair-1 cm-2 (highest among metal-free SCs-based detectors) lowest detectable dose rate (16.3 nGyair s-1 ). This work has selection detectors somewhat advanced development devices.

Language: Английский

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Dual Effects of Slow Recrystallization and Defects Passivation Achieve Efficient Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells with Good Stability Up to One Year

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(12)

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Abstract Tin‐based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) have become a star candidate in lead‐free due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and low toxicity. However, there are lot of problems such as uncontrollable crystallizationprocess, easy oxidation Sn 2+ high defect density not been completely resolved TPSCs. Here, the thiourea (TU) amidine (ASU) added into precursor regulate microstructure, inhibit promote charge transfer. The characterization results demonstrate that TU additive can only improve micrograph, crystallinity antioxidant, but also significantly induce recrystallization passivate trap states. Thus, TPSCs with (TU‐modified TPSCs) show higher power conversion efficienc (PCE) better stability than those ASU (ASU‐modified PSCs) reference After stored N 2 atmosphere for 8 months, unencapsulated TU‐modified PSCs achieve champion PCE 10.9% an open‐circuit voltage 0.79 V. Furthermore, unsealed maintain 115% its initial efficiency after one year. This is longest lifetime pure atmosphere.

Language: Английский

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Hydrogen Bonds Strengthened Metal‐Free Perovskite for Degradable X‐ray Detector with Enhanced Stability, Flexibility and Sensitivity

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(10)

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Metal-free perovskites (MFPs) with flexible and degradable properties have been adopted in X-ray detection. For now, figuring out the key factors between structure device performance are critical to guide design of MFPs. Herein, MPAZE-NH4 I3 ⋅ H2 O was first designed synthesized improved structural stability performance. Through theoretical calculations, introducing methyl group benefits modulating tolerance factor, increases dipole moment strengthens hydrogen bonds. Meanwhile, bond formation sites synergistically realizes band nature modulation, ionic migration inhibition stiffness optimization. Spectra analysis also proves that electron-phonon coupling carrier recombination lifetime contribute enhanced Finally, a detector fabricated highest sensitivity 740.8 μC Gyair-1 cm-2 low detection limit (0.14 nGyair s-1 ).

Language: Английский

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Mn²⁺‐Activated Cs₃Cu₂I₅ Nano‐Scintillators for Ultra‐High Resolution Flexible X‐Ray Imaging

Laser & Photonics Review, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(6)

Published: March 3, 2023

Abstract Zero‐dimensional (0D) copper‐based perovskite‐derivative nano‐scintillators (NSs), as a promising non‐toxic alternative to lead‐based halide perovskite, have shown great potential in flexible X‐ray detection and imaging. However, their practical applications are still impeded by low imaging resolution associated with inadequate radioluminescence (RL) poor environmental stability. Herein, for the first time simple but valid Mn 2+ ‐activation strategy is proposed highly enhance RL stability of 0D Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 NSs, where ions embedded into localized [Cu ] 3− units utilizing modified hot‐injection method. As such, newly emerged emission band ion centered at ≈562 nm coupled much improved intrinsic self‐trapped excitons (STE) host peaking ≈445 can be achieved these resultant ‐activated thereby delivering light yield 71 000 photons MeV −1 that superior perovskite counterparts commercial scintillators. consequence, detectors made NSs implement an ultrahigh 16.2 line pairs mm ultra‐low limit 127.5 nGy air s , highlighting candidates

Language: Английский

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Suppression of Ionic and Electronic Conductivity by Multilayer Heterojunctions Passivation Toward Sensitive and Stable Perovskite X‐Ray Detectors

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(35)

Published: May 11, 2023

Abstract Organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites are promising candidates for direct X‐ray detection and imaging. The relatively high dark current in perovskite single crystals (SCs) is a major limiting factor hindering the pursuit of performance stability enhancement. In this study, contribution disentangled from electronic ( σ e ) ionic conductivity i shows that dominates MAPbBr 3 SCs. A multilayer heterojunctions passivation strategy developed suppresses not only by two orders magnitude but also 1.6. passivate halide vacancy defects increase electron hole injection barrier inducing surface p‐type doping . This enables SC detectors to obtain sensitivity 19 370 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 under electric field 100 V , record bromine self‐powered devices, low limit 42.3 nGy s unencapsulated demonstrate stable baseline after storage 210 days outstanding operational upon irradiation with an accumulated dose up 1944 mGy

Language: Английский

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Molecular Design of Layered Hybrid Silver Bismuth Bromine Single Crystal for Ultra‐Stable X‐Ray Detection With Record Sensitivity

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(6)

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

Abstract Nowadays, weak interlayer coupling and unclear mechanism in layered hybrid silver bismuth bromine (LH‐AgBiBr) are the main reasons for limiting its further enhanced X‐ray detection sensitivity stability. Herein, design rules LH‐AgBiBr influence on performance reported first time. Although shortening amine size can enhance coupling, is severely hampered by easier defect formation caused enlarged micro strain. In contrast, an appropriate divalent endows material with improved released strain, which benefits crystal stability mechanical hardness. Another contribution to increase density dielectric constant; thus, enhancing absorption carrier transport. Consequently, optimized parallel device based BDA 2 AgBiBr 8 achieves a record of 2638 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 ultra‐low limit 7.4 nGy s , outperforming other detectors. Moreover, unencapsulated displays remarkable anti‐moisture, anti‐thermal (>150 °C), anti‐radiation (>1000 ) endurance. Eventually, high‐resolution hard imaging demonstrated linear detector arrays under benign dose rate (1.63 µGy low external bias (5 V). Hence, these findings provide guidelines future materials optimization.

Language: Английский

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High-Quality Cs₃Cu₂I₅@PMMA Scintillator Films Assisted by Multiprocessing for X-ray Imaging

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(32), P. 38741 - 38749

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

In recent years, novel metal halide scintillators have shown great application potential due to their tunable emission wavelength, high X-ray absorption, and luminescence efficiency. However, poor stability complex device packaging remain key issues for scintillators, making it difficult achieve high-resolution flexible imaging applications. To address the above issues, a multiprocessing strategy was introduced prepare Cs3Cu2I5@PMMA scintillator films long-term stable application, mainly undergo different annealing treatments make Cs3Cu2I5 crystals accurately nucleate then grow in-situ in PMMA matrix. Then, series of characterization results illustrate that prepared crystallinity, uniform size, excellent flexibility, photoluminescence (PL) radioluminescence (RL) performance, capability. Most importantly, can not only provide clear accurate recognition objects with structures but also maintain quality within 60 days imaging. Therefore, we provided an effective producing high-quality meet multidimensional needs new generation scintillators.

Language: Английский

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Low‐Dose and Stable X‐Ray Imaging Enabled by Low‐Dimensional Dion‐Jacobson Perovskites

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(38)

Published: March 21, 2024

Abstract Metal halide perovskites have emerged as highly promising candidates for next‐generation X‐ray detectors due to their facile and low‐cost processability, high attenuation coefficient, tunable optoelectrical properties. In this work, quasi‐2D Dion‐Jacobson (DJ) are introduced in a flat panel imager (FPXI) imaging. This study demonstrates that the diammonium interlayers DJ play key role enhancing structural stability, suppressing ion migration, improving charge transport. As result, perovskite‐based FPXIs achieve sensitivity of 18000 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 , low detection limit 5.7 nGy s representing performance comparable state‐of‐the‐art 3D perovskite FPXIs. Thanks decrease signal crosstalk effect FPXIs, spatial resolution 0.54 line‐pair‐per‐pixel is achieved, which higher than Remarkably, high‐quality imaging achieved at total dose 20 µGy only 1/5 typically used commercial equipment. work not provides valuable insights guidance fabrication 2D but also lays groundwork adoption high‐performance, stable imagers novel flat‐panel detectors.

Language: Английский

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