Water electrolysis for hydrogen production: from hybrid systems to self-powered/catalyzed devices

Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 49 - 113

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

This perspective highlights recent advancements in innovative strategies to provide valuable insights into the potential for energy-saving hydrogen production through water electrolysis.

Language: Английский

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Emerging materials and technologies for electrocatalytic seawater splitting

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(42)

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

The limited availability of freshwater in renewable energy-rich areas has led to the exploration seawater electrolysis for green hydrogen production. However, complex composition presents substantial challenges such as electrode corrosion and electrolyzer failure, calling into question technological economic feasibility direct splitting. Despite many efforts, a comprehensive overview analysis electrolysis, including electrochemical fundamentals, materials, technologies recent breakthroughs, is still lacking. In this review, we systematically examine advances electrocatalytic splitting critically evaluate obstacles optimizing water supply, devices stable production from seawater. We demonstrate that robust materials innovative technologies, especially selective catalysts high-performance devices, are critical efficient electrolysis. then outline discuss future directions could advance techno-economic emerging field, providing roadmap toward design commercialization can enable efficient, cost-effective, sustainable

Language: Английский

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Electrocatalytic seawater splitting: Nice designs, advanced strategies, challenges and perspectives

Materials Today, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69, P. 193 - 235

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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Carbon Oxyanion Self‐Transformation on NiFe Oxalates Enables Long‐Term Ampere‐Level Current Density Seawater Oxidation

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 63(1)

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Seawater electrolysis is an attractive way of making H2 in coastal areas, and NiFe-based materials are among the top options for alkaline seawater oxidation (ASO). However, ample Cl- can severely corrode catalytic sites lead to limited lifespans. Herein, we report that situ carbon oxyanion self-transformation (COST) from oxalate carbonate on a monolithic NiFe micropillar electrode allows safeguard high-valence metal reaction ASO. In situ/ex studies show spontaneous, timely, appropriate COST safeguards active against attack during ASO even at ampere-level current density (j). Our catalyst shows efficient stable performance, which requires overpotential as low 349 mV attain j 1 A cm-2 . Moreover, with protective surface CO32- exhibits slight activity degradation after 600 h under seawater. This work reports effective design concepts level self-transformation, acting momentous step toward defending seawater-to-H2 conversion systems.

Language: Английский

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Efficient bubble/precipitate traffic enables stable seawater reduction electrocatalysis at industrial-level current densities

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 5, 2024

Abstract Seawater electroreduction is attractive for future H 2 production and intermittent energy storage, which has been hindered by aggressive Mg 2+ /Ca precipitation at cathodes consequent poor stability. Here we present a vital microscopic bubble/precipitate traffic system (MBPTS) constructing honeycomb-type 3D robust anti-precipitation seawater reduction (SR), massively/uniformly release small-sized bubbles to almost every corner of the cathode repel precipitates without break. Noticeably, optimal with built-in MBPTS not only enables state-of-the-art alkaline SR performance (1000-h stable operation –1 A cm −2 ) but also highly specialized in catalytically splitting natural into greatest ability. Low amounts after prolonged tests under large current densities reflect genuine efficacy our MBPTS. Additionally, flow-type electrolyzer based on stably functions industrially-relevant 500 mA 150 h while unwaveringly sustaining near-100% Faradic efficiency. Note that estimated price (~1.8 US$/kg H2 even cheaper than US Department Energy’s goal (2 ).

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances of Transition Metal Basic Salts for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Overall Water Electrolysis

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 2, 2023

Abstract Electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has been recognized as the bottleneck of overall water splitting, which is a promising approach for sustainable production H 2 . Transition metal (TM) hydroxides are most conventional and classical non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts OER, while TM basic salts [M 2+ (OH) 2-x (A m− ) x/m , A = CO 3 2− NO − F Cl ] consisting OH another anion have drawn extensive research interest due to its higher catalytic activity in past decade. In this review, we summarize recent advances their application OER further splitting. We categorize salt-based pre-catalysts into four types (CO according anion, key factor outstanding performance towards OER. highlight experimental theoretical methods understanding structure during effect on performance. To develop bifunctional catalyst practical electrolysis application, also review present strategies enhancing hydrogen thereby improving splitting Finally, conclude with summary perspective about remaining challenges future opportunities catalysts electrolysis.

Language: Английский

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Bimetallic Phosphide Heterostructure Coupled with Ultrathin Carbon Layer Boosting Overall Alkaline Water and Seawater Splitting

Small, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(20)

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Seawater electrolysis is promising for green hydrogen production but hindered by the sluggish reaction kinetics of both cathode and anode, as well detrimental chlorine chemistry environment. Herein, a self-supported bimetallic phosphide heterostructure electrode strongly coupled with an ultrathin carbon layer on Fe foam (C@CoP-FeP/FF) constructed. When used oxygen evolution reactions (HER/OER) in simulated seawater, C@CoP-FeP/FF shows overpotentials 192 mV 297 at 100 mA cm-2 , respectively. Moreover, enables overall seawater splitting cell voltage 1.73 V to achieve operate stably during h. The superior water properties can be ascribed integrated architecture CoP-FeP heterostructure, protective layer, porous current collector. unique composites not only provide enriched active sites, ensure prominent intrinsic activity, also accelerate electron transfer mass diffusion. This work confirms feasibility integration strategy manufacturing bifunctional splitting.

Language: Английский

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A sodium-ion-conducted asymmetric electrolyzer to lower the operation voltage for direct seawater electrolysis

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 4, 2023

Hydrogen produced from neutral seawater electrolysis faces many challenges including high energy consumption, the corrosion/side reactions caused by Cl-, and blockage of active sites Ca2+/Mg2+ precipitates. Herein, we design a pH-asymmetric electrolyzer with Na+ exchange membrane for direct electrolysis, which can simultaneously prevent Cl- corrosion precipitation harvest chemical potentials between different electrolytes to reduce required voltage. In-situ Raman spectroscopy density functional theory calculations reveal that water dissociation be promoted catalyst based on atomically dispersed Pt anchored Ni-Fe-P nanowires reduced barrier (by 0.26 eV), thus accelerating hydrogen evolution kinetics in seawater. Consequently, asymmetric exhibits current densities 10 mA cm-2 100 at voltages 1.31 V 1.46 V, respectively. It also reach 400 low voltage 1.66 80 °C, corresponding electricity cost US$1.36 per kg H2 ($0.031/kW h bill), lower than United States Department Energy 2025 target (US$1.4 H2).

Language: Английский

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Concerning the stability of seawater electrolysis: a corrosion mechanism study of halide on Ni-based anode

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

The corrosive anions (e.g., Cl-) have been recognized as the origins to cause severe corrosion of anode during seawater electrolysis, while in experiments it is found that natural (~0.41 M usually more than simulated (~0.5 Cl-). Here we elucidate besides Cl-, Br- even harmful Ni-based anodes because inferior resistance and faster kinetics bromide chloride. Experimental results reveal Cl- corrodes locally form narrow-deep pits etches extensively generate shallow-wide pits, which can be attributed fast diffusion lower reaction energy passivation layer. Additionally, for electrodes with catalysts NiFe-LDH) loading on surface, causes extensive spalling catalyst layer, resulting rapid performance degradation. This work clearly points out that, addition anti-Cl- corrosion, designing anti-Br- crucial future application electrolysis.

Language: Английский

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Materials Design and System Innovation for Direct and Indirect Seawater Electrolysis

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(22), P. 22227 - 22239

Published: Nov. 15, 2023

Green hydrogen production from renewably powered water electrolysis is considered as an ideal approach to decarbonizing the energy and industry sectors. Given high-cost supply of ultra-high-purity water, well mismatched distribution sources renewable energies, combining seawater with coastal solar/offshore wind power attracting increasing interest for large-scale green production. However, various impurities in lead corrosive toxic halides, hydroxide precipitation, physical blocking, which will significantly degrade catalysts, electrodes, membranes, thus shortening stable service life electrolyzers. To accelerate development electrolysis, it crucial widen working potential gap between oxygen evolution chlorine reactions develop flexible highly efficient purification technologies. In this review, we comprehensively discuss present challenges, research efforts, design principles direct/indirect aspects materials engineering system innovation. Further opportunities developing advanced integrated electrolyzers are highlighted both low-grade sources.

Language: Английский

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