Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 15, 2025
Abstract
Chemodynamic
therapy
(CDT)
is
a
tumor‐specific
catalytic
therapeutic
modality
that
harnesses
metal
ion‐mediated
Fenton/Fenton‐like
reactions
within
H
2
O
‐overexpressed
tumor
tissues
for
anticancer
purposes.
However,
their
efficacy
limited
by
the
low
recycling
rate
of
high‐
and
low‐valence
ions.
Herein,
Fe
2+
self‐supplied
nano‐platform
(CSFT)
developed
near‐infrared
(NIR)‐accelerated
photo‐Fenton
CDT
synergized
with
photothermal
therapy,
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(MRI),
second
(NIR‐II)
imaging.
Specifically,
CSFT
synthesized
coating
metal‐coordinated
polyphenol
networks
composed
3+
tannic
acid
(Fe‐TA)
onto
surfaces
Er
,
Ce
Tm
co‐doped
core‐shell
nanoparticles.
At
an
optimal
doping
content
(1%),
upconversion
(UC)
ultraviolet
signal
nanoparticles
enhanced
8.2‐fold
compared
to
core,
providing
potential
excitation
energy
UC‐driven
improving
‐to‐Fe
conversion
efficiency.
Additionally,
Fe‐TA
can
absorb
NIR
photons
convert
them
into
thermal
energy,
enhancing
reaction
enabling
photothermally
CDT.
The
strong
coordination
effect
TA
enables
3d
5
electronic
reorganization
after
release
from
in
acidic
tumors,
thus
realizing
self‐enhanced
MRI.
This
work
demonstrates
NIR‐promoted
platform
through
engineering
metal‐polyphenol
on
UC
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Abstract
X‐ray
induced
photodynamic
therapy
(X‐PDT)
leverages
penetrating
to
generate
singlet
oxygen
(
1
O
2
)
for
treating
deep‐seated
tumors.
However,
conventional
X‐PDT
typically
relies
on
heavy
metal
inorganic
scintillators
and
organic
photosensitizers
produce
,
which
presents
challenges
related
toxicity
energy
conversion
efficiency.
In
this
study,
highly
biocompatible
phosphorescent
nanoscintillators
based
hydrogen‐bonded
frameworks
(HOF)
are
designed
engineered,
termed
BPT‐HOF@PEG,
enhance
in
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
treatment.
BPT‐HOF@PEG
functions
simultaneously
as
both
scintillator
photosensitizer,
effectively
absorbing
transferring
abundant
.
Both
vitro
vivo
investigations
demonstrate
that
internalized
efficiently
produces
significant
quantities
of
upon
irradiation.
Additionally,
exposure
directly
inflicts
DNA
damage,
the
synergistic
effects
these
mechanisms
result
pronounced
cell
death
substantial
tumor
growth
inhibition,
with
a
inhibition
rate
up
90.4%
assessments.
RNA
sequencing
analyses
reveal
induces
apoptosis
Hepa1‐6
cells
while
inhibiting
proliferation,
culminating
death.
Therefore,
work
highlights
considerable
potential
efficient
HOF
nanoscintillators‐based
promising
therapeutic
approach
HCC,
providing
effective
alternative
negligible
patients
unresectable
Small,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Near-infrared
(NIR)-triggered
type-I
photosensitizers
are
crucial
to
address
the
constraints
of
hypoxic
tumor
microenvironments
in
phototherapy;
however,
significant
challenges
remain.
By
selecting
an
electron-deficient
unit,
a
matched
energy
gap
upper-level
state
is
instrumental
boosting
efficiency
intersystem
crossing
for
electron
transfer
process.
2-Cyanothiazole,
acceptor,
covalently
linked
with
N,
N-diphenyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)aniline
yield
multifunctional
photosensitizer
(TTNH)
that
exhibits
intrinsic
NIR
absorbance
and
compatible
T2
levels,
facilitating
both
radiative
nonradiative
transitions.
The
prepared
nanoparticles
(TTNH
NPs)
assembled
from
TTNH
activated
by
808
nm
laser
generated
O2•-
hypoxia-tolerant
photodynamic
therapy
under
normoxia
conditions.
NPs
emitted
NIR-II
fluorescence
impressive
quantum
2.08%.
With
high
photothermal
conversion
51.8%
stimulation,
exhibit
performance,
accompanied
enhanced
photoacoustic
imaging
capability
owing
their
strong
absorption.
These
characteristics
make
effective
NIR-wavelength-triggered
phototheranostic
agent
outperforms
fluorescence/photoacoustic
dual-model
imaging-guided
therapy/photothermal
against
tumors.
This
results
provide
valuable
insight
developing
high-performance
NIR-II-emissive
superoxide
radical
agents.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Abstract
The
blockade
of
interactions
between
programmed
death‐ligand
1
(PD‐L1)
on
cancer
cell
surfaces
and
death‐1
(PD‐1)
receptors
T
cells
is
a
crucial
strategy
in
immunotherapy.
However,
the
continuous
replenishment
PD‐L1
from
intracellular
stores
presents
significant
challenge
that
undermines
therapeutic
efficacy.
Therefore,
effective
downregulation
essential
for
improving
treatment
outcomes.
In
this
study,
novel
approach
utilizes
mitochondrial
oxidative
stress
to
achieve
highly
efficient
universal
degradation
presented.
A
cationic
aggregation‐induced
emission‐active
photosensitizer,
DPA‐B‐YP
+
,
which
generates
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
upon
light
activation
induce
demand
developed.
Compared
traditional
high‐performance
degraders
such
as
metformin
berberine,
ROS‐induced
by
demonstrates
superior
efficiency
broader
applicability
across
various
tumor
types.
Mechanistic
studies
reveal
occurs
via
AMPK‐ubiquitination
pathway.
Furthermore,
murine
immunogenic
“cold”
model,
effectively
degrades
significantly
enhances
CD8
cell‐mediated
immune
responses
activation,
without
need
additional
drugs
or
adjuvants.
These
findings
present
material
degradation,
contributing
advancements
Biomaterials Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
This
minireview
highlights
recent
developments
in
near-infrared
organic
photosensitizers
for
photodynamic
cancer
therapy.
The
challenges
and
future
prospects
of
this
promising
research
field
are
also
discussed.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 23, 2025
Abstract
Type
I
photosensitization
is
of
particular
significance
in
the
anaerobic
tumor
treatment.
Nonetheless,
development
high‐performance
type
photosensitizers
(PSs)
remains
challenging,
due
to
weak
absorption
and
inefficient
intersystem
crossing
(ISC)
progress.
Herein,
an
effective
approach
toward
a
near‐infrared
(NIR)
PS
(
NIR‐BN
)
demonstrated
using
boron/nitrogen‐embedded
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbon
with
multiple‐resonance
(MR)
character,
for
first
time.
A
small
singlet‐triplet
splitting
(Δ
E
ST
=
0.09
eV)
high
molar
extinction
coefficient
(3.3
×
10
4
M
−1
cm
NIR
MR‐configured
supports
efficient
ISC
triplet
sensitization.
The
distorted
molecular
configurations
induce
multi‐model
structural
relaxations
after
optical
excitation,
resulting
remarkable
photothermal
conversion
efficiency
exceeding
50%
nanoparticles.
Of
note,
nanoparticles
are
capable
generating
highly
toxic
superoxide
anion
radical
(O
2
•−
under
660
nm
laser
irradiation,
benefiting
from
vigorous
intramolecular
dihedral
angle
vibrations
excited
states.
Consequently,
biocompatible
demonstrates
superior
performance
vivo
synergistic
photodynamic
therapies.
Chemical Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
NIR
activatable,
self-degradable
iridium(
iii
)–dithiocarbamate–cyanine
complexes
were
synthesized.
They
act
as
type
I
and
II
PDT
agent
at
ultra-low-power
irradiation
high
laser
power,
they
exhibited
photoactivated
chemotherapy
(PACT).
Small,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 17, 2025
Abstract
The
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
amplification
caused
by
inevitable
plasma
albumin
encapsulation
is
still
a
challenge
to
circumvent
the
systemic
adverse
effects
in
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
process.
Herein,
disulfide
bond
linked
homodimer,
Cy1280,
which
modulated
accurately
balance
fluorescence
and
ROS
generation
exhibit
weak
sealed
PDT
effect
during
blood
circulation,
exploited.
Cy1280
can
be
specifically
internalized
dispersed
at
tumor
site
via
Organic
Anion
Transporter
Proteins
(OATPs)
thiol‐disulfide
exchange
mediated
synergistic
uptake
activated
after
mild
sunlight
irradiation
(100
±
5
Klx)
sensitize
neighboring
cellular
mitochondria
execute
direct
protein
dysfunction
effect.
dynamic
covalent
chemistry
(DCC)
facilitates
prolonged
sustained
retention
tumors
(>336
h)
demonstrates
efficacy
of
imaging‐guided
solid‐tumor
tumor‐bearing
BALB/C
mice.
This
study
resolves
stubborn
impotent
penetration
bulky‐sized
nanoparticles
high
interstitial
pressure
with
manner,
long‐term
circulation
manipulated
also
improve
whole
body
phototoxic
symptom.
advantageous
feature
provides
promising
candidate
for
overcoming
off‐target
phototoxicity
inadequate
accumulation
challenges
clinical
translation
photosensitizers
(PSs).
Inorganic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 11, 2025
Acute
bacterial
skin
and
structure
infections
(ABSSSIs)
pose
significant
global
health
challenges,
exacerbated
by
rising
antibiotic
resistance.
Antibacterial
photodynamic
therapy
(APDT)
has
emerged
as
a
promising
strategy
to
combat
these
utilizing
photosensitizer
(PS)
that
generates
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
upon
light
activation.
However,
the
limited
tissue
penetration
of
conventional
organic
PSs,
which
primarily
absorb
in
UV-vis
spectra,
hindered
their
therapeutic
potential
for
deeper
infections.
Herein,
we
introduce
novel
iridium(III)-cyanine
complex
(Ir-cy)
with
strong
near-infrared
(NIR)
absorption
at
814
nm
(up
101
red-shifted
from
previous
reports),
specifically
designed
enhance
APDT.
Under
808
laser
irradiation,
Ir-cy
demonstrated
substantial
ROS
generation
capacity,
achieving
approximately
70%
reduction
Staphylococcus
aureus
(S.
aureus)
colonies
depth
7.2
mm
within
simulated
model.
Comprehensive
vitro
vivo
evaluations
further
confirmed
its
potent
antibacterial
efficacy
against
S.
while
maintaining
excellent
biocompatibility.
These
findings
highlight
highly
effective
NIR-active
PS,
paving
way
advanced
strategies
targeting
deep-tissue
ABSSSIs
through
optimized
Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 11, 2025
Abstract
Polymethine
cyanine
dyes
have
witnessed
significant
advancements
in
bioimaging
and
phototherapy
due
to
their
optical
properties
ease
of
modification.
This
review
categorizes
introduces
typical
synthesis
Cy3,
Cy5,
Cy7
longer
polymethine
dyes,
highlights
organic‐specific
in‐cell
cyanines
via
the
newly‐established
pseudo‐trimerization
method
using
a
single
exogenous
precursor
activatable
by
visible
light,
free
radicals
or
reactive
oxygen
species.
Further
discussions
delve
into
functionalization
strategies
structure‐activity
relationships
summarizes
bioapplications
fluorescence
imaging,
multimodal
assisted
diagnosis
treatments,
aiming
unlock
full
potential
scientific
research
clinical
translation.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 13, 2025
Improving
the
photosensitization
efficiency
represents
a
critical
challenge
in
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
research.
While
cyanines
exhibit
potential
as
photosensitizers
(PSs)
due
to
their
large
extinction
coefficients
and
excellent
biocompatibility,
inherent
limitations
intersystem
crossing
severely
affect
therapeutic
efficacy.
Herein,
we
proposed
bottom-up
magnetically
enhanced
(magneto-PDT)
paradigm
employing
fluorobenzene-substituted
pentamethine
cyanine
type-I
reactive
oxygen
species
generators.
Based
on
radical
pair
mechanism
magnetic
field
effect,
notable
difference
g-factors
(Δg)
between
PSs
oxyradicals
enabled
responsive
amplification
of
Cy5-3,4,5-3F-mediated
hydroxyl
(•OH)
superoxide
anion
(O2•-)
production,
achieving
maximum
yield
enhancements
66.9
28.0%
respectively
at
500
mT.
This
augmented
generation
exhibited
universal
cytotoxicity
superiority
over
conventional
PDT
protocols
various
cancer
cell
models.
Notably,
semi-inhibitory
concentration
(IC50)
murine
mammary
carcinoma
4T1
cells
demonstrated
remarkable
reduction
under
both
normoxic
hypoxic
conditions,
with
most
pronounced
decrease
observed
normoxia
from
0.91
μM
(PDT
alone)
0.38
(magneto-PDT).
The
significantly
magneto-enhanced
performance
effectively
inhibited
orthotopic
tumor
growth.
magneto-PDT
established
novel
strategy
for
manipulating
spin-dependent
processes
biological
applications.