Epidermal Differentiation Genes of the Common Wall Lizard Encode Proteins with Extremely Biased Amino Acid Contents DOI Open Access
Karin Brigit Holthaus, Attila Placido Sachslehner,

Julia Steinbinder

et al.

Genes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 1136 - 1136

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

The epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) is a cluster of genes that code for protein components cornified cells on the skin surface amniotes. Squamates are most species-rich clade reptiles with adaptations to many different environments. As genetic regulation epidermis and its evolution has been characterized only few species so far, we aimed determine organization EDC in model squamates, common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis). By comparative genomics, identified compared them homologs other We found undergone major rearrangement leading unique order three ancestral segments. Several subfamilies genes, such as those encoding proteins containing PCCC motifs (EDPCCC) loricrins, have expanded by gene duplications. Most EDPCCC cysteine contents higher than 50%, whereas glycine constitutes more 50% amino acid residues loricrin 1. extremely biased compositions indicate structural properties these proteins. This study demonstrates cornification differ from homologous reptiles, illustrating evolutionary dynamics diversifying squamates.

Language: Английский

Multifunctional Biomimetic e-Skin Constructed In Situ on Tanned Sheep Leather as a Multimodal Sensor for the Monitoring of Motion and Health DOI
Yang Yao, Long Wang, Jinwei Zhang

et al.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(32), P. 14176 - 14189

Published: July 30, 2024

Bionic electronic skin, with its integrated biological functions, is capable of sensing and responding to external stimuli, potentially surpassing the ideal flexibility natural skin in certain aspects. Most current preparation strategies employ "bottom-up" approach, using various monomers or polymer materials construct artificial networks through physical chemical cross-linking, leading issues complexity limited performance. In this work, we adopted a "top-down" strategy, which collagen fiber network aluminum-tanned sheepskin was utilized as scaffold load itaconic acid (IA) hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA). The subsequent situ polymerization IA HEA led formation poly(itaconic acid-co-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (P(IA-HEA)) filling among skeleton, results successful fabrication high-strength bionic based on (LIHEZ). advantage approach that it can retain structure properties give resulting LIHEZ multiple functions (e.g., electrical conductivity, adhesion, bacteriostasis, biocompatibility, environmental stability), thereby replicating even performance animal skin. demonstrated sensitive stimulus responsiveness durability could serve multimodal sensors (strain, temperature, humidity, bioelectricity) efficiently monitor human movements, physiological signals, changes temperature humidity. This diversified data collection provides reliable assurance for monitoring health. present construction method substrate not only breaks conventional single applications but also new insights selection flexible device substrates, promising be next-generation material constructing intelligent

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Bioadhesive Nanoparticles in Topical Drug Delivery: Advances, Applications, and Potential for Skin Disorder Treatments DOI Creative Commons
Rashed M. Almuqbil, Bandar E. Al‐Dhubiab

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 229 - 229

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Skin disorders are the fourth most common cause of all diseases, which affect nearly one-third world’s population. Topical drug delivery can be effective in treating a range skin disorders, including microbial infections, cancer, dermatitis, burn injury, wounds, and psoriasis. Bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNPs) serve as an efficient topical system they dual purposes bioadhesives nanocarriers, mediate targeted delivery, prolong retention time, deepen penetration through layers. There is increasing demand for BNP-based applications medicine because their various advantages, biodegradability, flexibility, biocompatibility, enhanced adhesive strength. A number BNPs have already been developed evaluated potential systems. In addition, studies carried out to evaluate treatment atopic irritant contact psoriasis, severe injuries. This review article timely unique, it provides extensive unique summary recent advances wide-ranging disorders. Moreover, this also useful discussion on bioadhesion mechanism biopolymers that used prepare BNPs.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The Complex Bridge between Aquatic and Terrestrial Life: Skin Changes during Development of Amphibians DOI Creative Commons

Esra Akat Çömden,

Melodi Yenmiş,

Berna Çakır

et al.

Journal of Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 6 - 6

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Amphibian skin is a particularly complex organ that primarily responsible for respiration, osmoregulation, thermoregulation, defense, water absorption, and communication. The skin, as well many other organs in the amphibian body, has undergone most extensive rearrangement adaptation from to land. Structural physiological features of amphibians are presented within this review. We aim procure updated information on evolutionary history their transition land-that is, changes seen larval stages adulthood points morphology, physiology, immunology.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Development-Associated Genes of the Epidermal Differentiation Complex (EDC) DOI Creative Commons
Karin Brigit Holthaus, Leopold Eckhart

Journal of Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 4 - 4

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

The epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) is a cluster of genes that encode protein components the outermost layers epidermis in mammals, reptiles and birds. development stratified from single-layered ectoderm involves an embryo-specific superficial cell layer, periderm. An additional subperiderm, develops crocodilians over scutate scales Here, we review expression EDC during embryonic development. Several are expressed predominantly or exclusively layers, whereas others confined to maintained postnatal skin. S100 fused-type proteins scaffoldin trichohyalin avian mammalian periderm, respectively. Scaffoldin forms so-called periderm granules, which histological markers Epidermal cysteine-rich (EDCRP) containing DPCC motifs (EDDM) subperiderm where they supposed undergo cross-linking via disulfide bonds. Furthermore, histidine-rich feather-type corneous beta-proteins, also known as beta-keratins, subperiderm. accumulating evidence for roles has implications on evolutionary diversification skin amniotes.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Paleozoic cave system preserves oldest-known evidence of amniote skin DOI Open Access
Ethan D. Mooney, Tea Maho, R. Paul Philp

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(2), P. 417 - 426.e4

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
The Story of the Finest Armor: Developmental Aspects of Reptile Skin DOI Creative Commons
Melodi Yenmiş, Dinçer Ayaz

Journal of Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 5 - 5

Published: Jan. 28, 2023

The reptile skin is a barrier against water loss and pathogens an armor for mechanical damages. integument of reptiles consists two main layers: the epidermis dermis. epidermis, hard cover body which has armor-like role, varies among extant in terms structural aspects such as thickness, hardness or kinds appendages it constitutes. epithelial cells (keratinocytes) are composed proteins: intermediate filament keratins (IFKs) corneous beta proteins (CBPs). outer horny layer stratum corneum, constituted keratinocytes by means terminal differentiation cornification result protein interactions where CBPs associate with coat initial scaffold IFKs. Reptiles were able to colonize terrestrial environment due changes these epidermal structures, led various cornified scales scutes, beak, claws setae. Developmental well their shared chromosomal locus (EDC) indicate ancestral origin that gave rise finest reptilians.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Comparative genomics of monotremes provides insights into the early evolution of mammalian epidermal differentiation genes DOI Creative Commons

Julia Steinbinder,

Attila Placido Sachslehner, Karin Brigit Holthaus

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Abstract The function of the skin as a barrier against environment depends on differentiation epidermal keratinocytes into highly resilient corneocytes that form outermost layer. Many genes encoding structural components are clustered in complex (EDC), which has been described placental and marsupial mammals well non-mammalian tetrapods. Here, we analyzed genomes platypus ( Ornithorhynchus anatinus ) echidna Tachyglossus aculeatus to determine gene composition EDC basal clade mammals, monotremes. We report mammal-specific subfamilies small proline-rich proteins (SPRRs) late cornified envelope single-copy such involucrin conserved monotremes, suggesting they have originated stem mammals. Monotremes at least one homologous group filaggrin FLG ), FLG2 hornerin HRNR but no clear one-to-one pairwise ortholog either , or . Caspase-14, keratinocyte differentiation-associated protease implicated processing filaggrin, is encoded by 3 copies echidna. Our results reveal evolutionarily clade-specific features genetic regulation

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Ionic liquids assisted processing of animal resources for fabrication of sustainable composite materials DOI
Hamayoun Mahmood, Atif Khan, Ahmad Shakeel

et al.

Journal of Molecular Liquids, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 126834 - 126834

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Skin Hydration by Natural Moisturizing Factors, a Story of H-Bond Networking DOI
Marving Martin, Benjamin Chantemargue, Patrick Trouillas

et al.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Dry skin is a common condition that experienced by many. Besides being particularly present during the cold season, various diseases exist all year round, leading to localized xerosis. To prevent it, provided with natural moisturizing factors (NMFs). They are small amino acids or derivatives found in outermost layer of skin, stratum corneum (SC). often claimed be highly efficient humectants, increasing water content maintain fluidity skin. However, alternative mechanisms have been proposed, suggesting NMFs themselves may act as lipid mobility amplifiers. This work aims at investigating role three NMFs, namely, urea (URE), glycerol (GLY), and urocanic acid/urocanate (UCA/UCO) SC silico models, considering two different levels humidity. Molecular dynamic simulations showed an increase diffusion components, mainly free fatty (FFAs) ceramide acyl chain moieties, presence either high NMFs. The membrane properties were modified, seen increased thickness greater lateral stiffness. All exhibited similar impact, whereas UCA revealed slight differences according its charged state. By studying NMF–water intermolecular interactions, we highlighted NMF regulator perturbations while ensuring fluidity. allows destabilization content. study, performed atomistic resolution, strong H-bond network between lipids involving ceramides but also other components. can modified concentration resulting modifications properties, rationalizing hydration effects.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Skin Appendage Proteins of Tetrapods: Building Blocks of Claws, Feathers, Hair and Other Cornified Epithelial Structures DOI Creative Commons
Karin Brigit Holthaus,

Julia Steinbinder,

Attila Placido Sachslehner

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 457 - 457

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Reptiles, birds, mammals and amphibians, together forming the clade tetrapods, have a large diversity of cornified skin appendages, such as scales, feathers, hair claws. The appendages consist dead epithelial cells that are tightly packed with specific structural proteins. Here, we review molecular expression patterns major types appendage proteins, namely keratin intermediate filament keratin-associated proteins (KRTAPs) encoded by genes epidermal differentiation complex (EDC), including corneous beta-proteins, also known beta-keratins. We summarize current knowledge about components focus on keratins EDC recently been identified in reptiles birds. discuss gaps suggest directions future research.

Language: Английский

Citations

0