Pesticide soil sorption parameters: theory, measurement, uses, limitations and reliability

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2002, Volume and Issue: 58(5), P. 419 - 445

Published: March 27, 2002

The soil sorption coefficient Kd and the organic carbon KOC of pesticides are basic parameters used by environmental scientists regulatory agencies worldwide in describing fate behavior pesticides. They a measure strength to soils other geosorbent surfaces at water/solid interface, thus directly related both mobility persistence. is regarded as 'universal' parameter hydrophobicity pesticide molecule, which applies given all soils. This assumption known be inexact, but it this way modeling estimating risk for leaching runoff. In report we examine theory, uses, measurement or estimation, limitations reliability these provide some 'rules thumb' use environment, especially analysis modeling.

Language: Английский

---

Surfactant-enhanced remediation of organic contaminated soil and water

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 138(1), P. 24 - 58

Published: Nov. 27, 2007

Language: Английский

---

Removal of hydrophobic organic pollutants from soil washing/flushing solutions: A critical review

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 306, P. 149 - 174

Published: Dec. 15, 2015

Language: Английский

---

Microbiological aspects of surfactant use for biological soil remediation.

Biodegradation, Journal Year: 1997, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 401 - 417

Published: Jan. 1, 1997

Language: Английский

---

Application of biosurfactants, rhamnolipid, and surfactin, for enhanced biodegradation of diesel-contaminated water and soil

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 151(1), P. 155 - 163

Published: May 28, 2007

Language: Английский

---

Advantages and challenges of Tween 80 surfactant-enhanced technologies for the remediation of soils contaminated with hydrophobic organic compounds

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 314, P. 98 - 113

Published: Jan. 4, 2017

Language: Английский

---

A review on the application of chemical surfactant and surfactant foam for remediation of petroleum oil contaminated soil

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 243, P. 187 - 205

Published: May 13, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Comparison of synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants in enhancing biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Journal Year: 2003, Volume and Issue: 22(10), P. 2280 - 2292

Published: Oct. 1, 2003

Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination of the environment represents a serious threat to health humans and ecosystems. Given human effects PAHs, effective cost‐competitive remediation technologies are required. Bioremediation has shown promise as potentially low‐cost treatment option, but concerns about slow process rate bioavailability limitations have hampered more widespread use this technology. An option enhance PAHs is add surfactants directly soil in situ or ex bioreactors. Surfactants increase apparent solubility desorption PAH aqueous phase. However, results with some synthetic that surfactant addition can actually inhibit biodegradation via toxic interactions, stimulation degraders, sequestration into micelles. Biosurfactants been many positive without drawbacks. They biodegradable nontoxic, biosurfactants do not produce true micelles, thus facilitating direct transfer surfactant‐associated bacteria. The date promising, further research elucidate surfactant–PAH interactions environments needed lead predictive, mechanistic models biosurfactant‐enhanced better bioremediation design.

Language: Английский

---

Microbial surfactants and their use in field studies of soil remediation

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Journal Year: 2002, Volume and Issue: 93(6), P. 915 - 929

Published: Dec. 1, 2002

Introduction, 915–916 Surfactants, 916–917 Microorganisms and characteristics of biosurfactants produced, 917–918 Isolation xenobiotic-degrading microorganisms with biosurfactant-producing capabilities, 918–919 Xenobiotics in soil, 919 Sorption xenobiotics, Biodegradation, 919–920 Surfactants bioremediation, 920 Biosurfactants organic solubilization degradation, 920–921 metal solubilization, 921–923 Laboratory field studies using Rhodococcus biosurfactants, 923–925 Conclusions, 925–926 Acknowledgements, 926 References, 926–929 The degree association inorganic pollutants is governed by the complex physico-chemical interactions at interfaces. This involves sorption onto soil constituents, sequestration within matrix (micropores) partitioning a nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) that will, ultimately, control fate contaminants. NAPL represents substances are relatively insoluble water providing long-term source pollutant. They represent continuous input into to replace degraded or dissipating concentrations. As result bioavailability contaminants biodegradation may be reduced (Ogram et al. 1985; Miller Alexander 1991). enhancement natural biological degradation processes, what termed can preferred cost-effective method removing from soil-contaminated other contaminated environments. role has been shown essential remediation of, least, pollution, activity microbial types naturally present enhanced bioremediation techniques which include increased aeration polluted material nutrient additions (Christofi 1998; Ivshina 1998). Supplementing capable degrading particular (bioaugmentation) desorption particulates surfactants increase hydrocarbon (Deschenes 1995; Thibault 1996; Christofi It only 10–15 years use increasing availability hydrophobic soils environments considered (Vigon Rubin 1989). Previous have revealed enhance pollutant (Oberbremer 1990; Zang 1992; Volkering Rahman 2002). applied oil washing for secondary recovery clean pipes reservoirs (Osipow 1962). In desorption, both synthetic (biological) used. However, it not always case nonpolar through leads removal. Synthetic also decrease (Bruheim 1999) possibly through, example, toxic effects surfactant (Rouse 1994). assumed lead an toxicity microorganisms. toxicants one major factor controlling (Welp Brümmer addition, incorporation substrate micelles once again its bioavailability, and, hence, reduce rates. attractive option because their biodegradability (Herman 1995). These surface-active compounds diverse novel chemical structures characteristics; they produced cheap raw materials organisms producing them modified genetically overproduce produce new compounds. Additionally, significantly less than petroleum-based (Banat 2000). review deals research, placing emphasis on outside laboratory. does attempt general production Mulligan (2001b) covers former while Lang (2002) latter. SURFace ACTive AgeNTS wide ranging properties including lowering surface interfacial tensions liquids. Surface tension defined as free enthalpy per unit area (OECD 1995) force acting leading minimization surface. Both exist reducing 72 mN m−1 around 27 m−1(Table 1). exhibit high (Georgiou 1992). Microorganisms, plants animals, humans, them. hydrophilic hydrophobic/lipophilic (nonpolar) portions molecule. amphipathic molecules enabling formation specialized vital action. function residing oil–water interface. (polar) part usually referred ‘head’, whereas portion known ‘tail’. latter chain varying length different surfactants. classified according ionic charge polar Hence anionic, cationic, nonionic zwitterionic (combined presence anionic cationic charges) exist. concentration phase. achieved oil/water emulsions where, above Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC), biosurfactant aggregate form micelles. CMC favouring micelle formation. Between 50 100 (aggregation number) Micelles arise when lipophilic molecule unable hydrogen bonding aqueous causes energy system. One way alleviate this tail isolated adsorption surfaces, absorption vesicles where moiety become situated towards centre contact (Haigh 1996). lower between immiscible fluids miscible creation additional surfaces. A single interface consisting constituent transformed smaller two constituents. allows central pseudophase core ‘solubility’. dispersion compound solution solubility limit mobilization sorbed adsorbed capillary forces (Tsomides An important characteristic relates relative abundance Hydrophile–Lipophile Balance (HLB) affects (Tiehm HLB classification used determine suitability general, low confers better (Sabatini Table 2 shows application values (Cross 1987). Most utilized synthetic. due cost incurred biosurfactants. There are, however, many advantages (Poremba 1991; Munstermann see 3). Diverse ranges prokaryotic eukaryotic (Lang most commonly glycolipids containing sugars rhamnose trehalose (Fig. low- high-molecular weight low-molecular generally peptidyl lipids (lipopeptides). tetraesters dicorynomycolates, fructose lipids, sophorolipids rhamnolipids. Peptidyl surfactin, viscosin polymixin effective antimicrobials. Bacillus subtilis, common bacterium, produces cyclic lipopeptide surfactin. Surfactin amphiphilic structure 1c) associated extensive affecting growth tumours, bacteria, fungi, viruses mycoplasmas (Bernheimer Avigad 1970; Vollenbroich 1997; Peypoux appears contradict held view toxicity. Glycolipids involved Stable usual trait these Examples bacterial (a) Pseudomonas dirhamnolipid structure. R=H R=CH3 acid methyl dirhamnolipids, respectively. (b) Structure Arthrobacter sp. (c) surfactin subtilis High-molecular (amphipathic) (lipo)polysaccharides (lipo)proteins combinations (Karanth 1999; Rosenberg Ron 1999). stable but do tension. interesting note enables bacteria adhere surfaces very strongly (Rosenberg 1981; Neu 1992) implications capabilities. more ecologically acceptable subsurface costs currently prohibits large-scale utilization, although range substrates industrial (oils/fats) agricultural waste products (Haba 2000; Makkar Cameotra Veenanadig Bacterial surfactant-producing aeruginosa (mono- di-rhamnolipid biosurfactants), Corynebacterium, Nocardia Rhodococcus, spp. (phospholipids, dimycolates/dicorynomycolates, glycolipids, etc.), (surfactin), licheniformis (lipopeptide similar surfactin), paraffineus (trehalose sucrose lipids) others (see 4). Fungi yeasts Torulopsis (sophorolipids) Candida (liposan, phospholipids). For refer Desai Banat (1997), Vardar-Sukar Kosaric (2000) (2002). Factors quality quantity carbon nitrogen constituents culture physical environment systems (Desai Philp type (whether NH4+, NO3–, urea amino acid) influences (Duvnjak 1983; Robert 1989; Haba Interesting observations relate effect limitation stimulate overproduction some (Suzuki 1974; Guerra-Santos 1984). often supplemented nitrates phosphates N P activity. affect in-situ requires further investigation. Biosurfactant demonstrated water-soluble substrates, hydrocarbons oils. formed growing sources influenced Generally, inclusion media isolation degradation. Hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms, easily oil-contaminated sites adding aliphatic aromatic sole sources. Studies large populations species R. ruber, erythropolis, ‘longus’ opacus Section 11) Acinetobacter, genera (Martin 1996, Huy (1997) reviewed media. methods colorimetric analyses detection (Shulga rhamnolipids (Hansen 1993; Siegmund Wagner 1991), Emulsification Index determination over 24-h period (Cooper Goldenberg 1987), drop-collapsing test (Jain direct TLC technique (Matsuyama 1991) axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA; Van der Vegt Extraction purification then identified structurally compared previously type. Techniques combination TLC, HPLC, FT-IR, NMR (H-1 C-13) MS, LC-MS (Deziel Esch Kim Mata-Sandoval Nielsen Gartshore Organics concern removal paramount importance. Organic polycyclic (PAHs), petroleum hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) biocides. PAHs environmental industries coal crude processing. molecular (e.g. naphthalene) adequate components (pyrene, fluorene) bound (McElroy Heavy metals removed mainly enter atmospheric deposition domestic effluents. Other inputs geological formations, mining remnants Metals health arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury zinc. (2001a) recently evaluated technologies metal-contaminated soils. transport groundwaters nonlinear, rate-limited (Hu Brusseau Many finding rapidly irreversibly fractions sorption. Constituents matter such humics (humic acids, fulvic acids humin) nonhumics (proteins, waxes carbohydrates others). contaminant humin constituent, accounting 50% fraction soil. amalgam biocides, PAH, PCB quickly (Stevenson 1976; Aiken Wang Hydrophobic NAPL. depends interaction physical, factors environment. Microbial structure, conditions metabolic capability includes pH, water, status (redox potential) oxygen, nutrients temperature. Biodegradation attained realistically authors there need understand fully ecology. Holden Firestone suggest desired capability; distribution communities overall relevant communities. majority work, far, carried out enhancing utilizes remove problems use, sequestered micelles, toxicity, ultimate resistance pollution (Cort 2002; 2001b). Evidence exists suggests Triton X-100, Tween 80, Afonic 1412–7 (a alkyl ethoxylate) (Grasso 2001; Cuypers Prak Pritchard survey eight surfactants, Tiehm (1994) found ability solubilize PAH was variable. exhibited solubilizing properties. Contradictory results obtained tests solubilized (Liu showed were tolerant experiments Liu (1995) Brij 30 along naphthalene, X-100 not. cases addition did either rate naphthalene eventual amount degraded, despite improved bioavailability. contrast, surfactant-solubilized alkanes show substantially rates (Bury 1993). Therefore current knowledge created apparent quandary. indicated xenobiotics phenanthrene, biphenyl (Aronstein Bury Bruheim Margesin Schinner Non-ionic inhibit concentrations Laha Luthy Willumsen Indeed exert inhibitory PAH-degrading permeabilization disruption cell membranes (Heipieper 1994); soluble toxicant; prevention toxicant (Neu 1996); unavailability trapped competitive utilization oil-in-water (Floodgate 1978) dilution possible (Bredholt soils, phenomenon encouraging autochthonous optimization conditions. Seeding possible, so long encouraged perform required. Over recent mobilize organics (Zang Scheibenbogen 1994; Ghosh Robinson Bai Lafrance Lapointe Park Page monorhabdolipid residual NAPL, 500 mg l−1 22% hexadecane sand columns. (1998) complexes strains (mycolata) sands shales. examined member mycolata, erythropolis (ATTC 4277), micellar substances. percentage study depended asphaltenes, resins saturates oils Some almost 100% sands, efficacy (<10%). same all (Ivshina 1998) rhodococci presumably (1992) n-alkanes. certain related available Espuny 1996) limitations. during resting stage evident correct must treat pollutants. Knowledge required achieve concomitant native introduced specific potent (Nakano 1988) m−1. versatile (Bell minimum (Table Overall, ruber reduction liquids Much about little those species. Our unpublished erythropolis. Direct facilitate uptake negating solubilization. Bouchez-Naitali (1999) tentatively assigned biosurfactant-enhanced Awasthi B. MTCC 1427 flask (compound coated walls) examine endosulfan. organochlorine insecticide slower, indicating optimum Jahan mixed batch model influence four commercial dissolution phenanthrene. Barkay bioemulsifier alasan Acinetobacter radioresistens KA53 (Navon-Venezia solubility, 6·6, 25·7 19·8-fold increases solubilities fluoranthene pyrene, Similar pseudomonads Noordman strain H13-A up 35-fold 80 mass transfer paucity information (bio)remediation. justified basis likely detrimental performing biodegradation. helped fact tend Also presumed evolved time scales optimized product purity 1998, 2001), benefits indigenous populations. biodegraded, outcome depend critically particles. Jordan proposed solid–water interfaces surface-bound bioremediation. few out, and/or ex-situ washing. washing, reuse would expense production, if labile option. Bench-scale suitable landfarming done (Straube Field (shoreline) conducted proprietary formulations (BIOREN 1 & 2) sediments (Le Floch BIOREN initial period, ultimately differences formulation without obvious. biopile treatment crude-oil-contaminated 11). importance work (Morán 2000) preparations materials. cation exchange capacity clays predominant negative charge. On determined cations solution. Currently, number metals, nonbiological excavation disposal landfill sites. Biological (phytoremediation). Subsequent harvesting removes problem locally. Plants immobilize prevent horizontal vertical movement. With respect former, groundwater minimized. onerous mineral sorption, metal-ligand complexation, complexation cation-exchange processes (Sposito 1989) access Unlike pollutants, cannot degrade heavy metals. Removal mechanisms conversion volatile forms alkylation methylation). Oxidation changes Also, action sulphur-reducing H2S sulphide production. ways. First, Le Chatelier's Principle (Miller surfactant–metal union matrix. Cationic act competition negatively charged Beveridge Pickering (1983) Using appeared by, possibly, metal–surfactant precipitation complexes. Tan (1994), (monorhamnolipid Ps. ATCC 9027) rapid co

Language: Английский

---

Influence of nonionic surfactants on bioavailability and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 1995, Volume and Issue: 61(5), P. 1699 - 1705

Published: May 1, 1995

The presence of the synthetic nonionic surfactants Triton X-100, Tergitol NPX, Brij 35, and Igepal CA-720 resulted not only in increased apparent solubilities but also maximal rates dissolution crystalline naphthalene phenanthrene. A model based on assumption that surfactant micelles are formed act as a separate phase underestimated rates; this led to conclusion present at concentrations higher than critical micelle concentration affect process. This was confirmed by results batch growth experiments, which showed biodegradation phenanthrene dissolution-limited were addition surfactant, indicating absence surfactant. In activity no toxic effects up 10 g liter(sup-1) observed. Substrate micellar shown be readily available for degradation microorganisms. finding has important consequences application (bio)surfactants biological soil remediation.

Language: Английский

---