Journal of Neurochemistry,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
157(3), P. 370 - 392
Published: Dec. 11, 2020
Abstract
A
comprehensive
overview
of
the
interplay
between
glucocorticoids
(GCs)
and
adult
hippocampal
neurogenesis
(AHN)
is
presented,
particularly,
in
context
a
diseased
brain.
The
effectors
GCs
dentate
gyrus
neurogenic
niche
are
reviewed,
consequences
GC
signaling
on
generation
integration
new
neurons
discussed.
Recent
findings
demonstrating
how
mediates
impairments
AHN
various
brain
pathologies
overviewed.
GC‐mediated
effects
adult‐born
depend
nature,
severity,
duration
acting
stress
factor.
realize
their
primarily
via
specific
glucocorticoid
mineralocorticoid
receptors.
Disruption
reciprocal
regulation
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
(HPA)
axis
granular
currently
considered
to
be
key
mechanism
implicating
into
pathogenesis
numerous
diseases,
including
those
without
direct
damage.
These
alterations
vary
from
reduced
proliferation
stem
progenitor
cells
increased
cell
death
abnormalities
morphology,
connectivity,
localization
young
neurons.
Although
involvement
mutual
HPA
cognitive
deficits
mood
evident,
several
unresolved
critical
issues
stated.
Understanding
details
mechanisms
involved
could
enable
identification
molecular
targets
for
ameliorating
pathology‐induced
imbalance
axis/AHN
conquer
psychiatric
disturbances.
image
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(10), P. 2249 - 2249
Published: May 9, 2023
This
scoping
review
critically
discusses
the
publications
of
last
30
years
on
impact
mild
to
moderate
iodine
deficiency
and
additional
endocrine
disrupters
during
pregnancy
embryonal/fetal
brain
development.
An
asymptomatic
and/or
isolated
maternal
hypothyroxinemia
might
affect
development
brain.
There
is
sufficient
evidence
underlining
importance
an
adequate
supply
for
all
women
childbearing
age
in
order
prevent
negative
mental
social
consequences
their
children.
threat
thyroid
hormone
system
ubiquitous
exposure
disrupters,
which
exacerbate
effects
pregnant
neurocognitive
offspring.
Ensuring
intake
therefore
essential
not
only
healthy
fetal
neonatal
general,
but
it
also
extenuate
disruptors.
Individual
supplementation
living
areas
with
mandatory
as
long
worldwide
universal
salt
iodization
does
guarantee
supply.
urgent
need
detailed
strategies
identify
reduce
according
“precautional
principle”.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 198 - 198
Published: Feb. 7, 2024
Thyroid
hormones
(THs)
are
essential
in
normal
brain
development,
and
cognitive
emotional
functions.
THs
act
through
a
cascade
of
events
including
uptake
by
the
target
cells
specific
cell
membrane
transporters,
activation
or
inactivation
deiodinase
enzymes,
interaction
with
nuclear
thyroid
hormone
receptors.
Several
responsive
genes
have
been
described
developing
adult
many
studies
demonstrated
systemic
local
reduction
TH
availability
neurologic
disease
after
injury.
In
this
review,
main
factors
mechanisms
associated
damaged
will
be
evaluated
different
regions
cellular
contexts.
Furthermore,
most
common
animal
models
used
to
study
role
damage
impairment
use
as
potential
recovery
strategy
from
neuropathological
conditions
evaluated.
Finally,
particular
attention
given
link
observed
between
alterations
increased
risk
Alzheimer’s
Disease
(AD),
prevalent
neurodegenerative
dementing
condition
worldwide.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(3), P. 362 - 362
Published: March 18, 2024
Lipid
rafts,
specialised
microdomains
within
cell
membranes,
play
a
central
role
in
orchestrating
various
aspects
of
neurodevelopment,
ranging
from
neural
differentiation
to
the
formation
functional
neuronal
networks.
This
review
focuses
on
multifaceted
involvement
lipid
rafts
key
neurodevelopmental
processes,
including
differentiation,
synaptogenesis
and
myelination.
Through
spatial
organisation
signalling
components,
facilitate
precise
events
that
determine
fate
during
embryonic
development
adulthood.
The
evolutionary
conservation
underscores
their
fundamental
importance
for
structural
complexity
nervous
system
all
species.
Furthermore,
there
is
increasing
evidence
environmental
factors
can
modulate
composition
function
influence
processes.
Understanding
intricate
interplay
between
neurodevelopment
not
only
sheds
light
mechanisms
governing
brain
but
also
has
implications
therapeutic
strategies
aimed
at
cultivating
networks
addressing
disorders.
Epidemiology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
30(1), P. 130 - 144
Published: Oct. 6, 2018
Background:
Attention
deficit
hyperactivity
disorder
(ADHD)
is
the
most
common
neurobehavioral
in
children,
yet
its
etiology
poorly
understood.
Early
thyroid
hormone
disruption
may
contribute
to
development
of
ADHD.
Disrupted
maternal
function
has
been
associated
with
adverse
neurodevelopmental
outcomes
children.
Among
newborns,
early-treated
congenital
hypothyroidism
consistently
later
cognitive
deficits.
Methods:
We
systematically
reviewed
literature
on
association
between
or
neonatal
hormones
and
ADHD
diagnosis
symptoms.
searched
Embase,
Pubmed,
Cinahl,
PsycInfo,
ERIC,
Medline,
Scopus,
Web
Science
for
articles
published
available
ahead
print
as
April
2018.
Results:
identified
28
eligible
articles:
16
studies
hormones,
seven
hypothyroidism,
five
hormones.
The
provide
moderate
evidence
an
levels
offspring
ADHD,
some
little
Conclusions:
suggest
possibly
Study
limitations,
however,
weaken
conclusions
our
systematic
review,
underlining
need
more
research.
Importantly,
there
was
much
variation
measurement
Recommendations
future
research
include
using
population-based
designs,
attending
issues
considering
biologically
relevant
covariates
(e.g.,
iodine
intake),
assessing
nonlinear
dose–responses.
Journal of Neurochemistry,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
157(3), P. 370 - 392
Published: Dec. 11, 2020
Abstract
A
comprehensive
overview
of
the
interplay
between
glucocorticoids
(GCs)
and
adult
hippocampal
neurogenesis
(AHN)
is
presented,
particularly,
in
context
a
diseased
brain.
The
effectors
GCs
dentate
gyrus
neurogenic
niche
are
reviewed,
consequences
GC
signaling
on
generation
integration
new
neurons
discussed.
Recent
findings
demonstrating
how
mediates
impairments
AHN
various
brain
pathologies
overviewed.
GC‐mediated
effects
adult‐born
depend
nature,
severity,
duration
acting
stress
factor.
realize
their
primarily
via
specific
glucocorticoid
mineralocorticoid
receptors.
Disruption
reciprocal
regulation
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
(HPA)
axis
granular
currently
considered
to
be
key
mechanism
implicating
into
pathogenesis
numerous
diseases,
including
those
without
direct
damage.
These
alterations
vary
from
reduced
proliferation
stem
progenitor
cells
increased
cell
death
abnormalities
morphology,
connectivity,
localization
young
neurons.
Although
involvement
mutual
HPA
cognitive
deficits
mood
evident,
several
unresolved
critical
issues
stated.
Understanding
details
mechanisms
involved
could
enable
identification
molecular
targets
for
ameliorating
pathology‐induced
imbalance
axis/AHN
conquer
psychiatric
disturbances.
image
