Macromolecular Bioscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(12)
Published: Aug. 11, 2023
Cytokines
can
coordinate
robust
immune
responses,
holding
great
promise
as
therapeutics
against
infections,
autoimmune
diseases,
and
cancers.
In
cancer
treatment,
numerous
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
have
displayed
promising
efficacy
in
preclinical
studies.
However,
their
clinical
application
is
hindered
by
poor
pharmacokinetics,
significant
toxicity
unsatisfactory
anticancer
efficacy.
Thus,
while
IFN-α
IL-2
are
approved
for
specific
treatments,
other
still
remain
subject
of
intense
investigation.
To
accelerate
the
immunotherapeutics,
strategies
need
to
be
directed
improve
safety
performance.
this
regard,
delivery
systems
could
used
generate
innovative
therapies
targeting
or
nucleic
acids,
such
DNA
mRNA,
encoding
tumor
tissues.
This
review
centers
on
these
cytokines,
summarizing
key
approaches,
gene
protein
delivery,
critically
examining
potential
challenges
translation.
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(3), P. e14566 - e14566
Published: March 1, 2023
This
review
discusses
the
impact
of
mono
or
combination
therapy
immune
checkpoint
inhibitor
(ICI)
in
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC)
patients,
comparing
clinical
outcomes
and
safety.
Cancer
subtype,
tumor
mutational
burden
(TMB),
programmed
death-ligand
1
(PD-L1)
expression
state
T
infiltration
(TIL)
density
are
considered
for
interpretations.
Besides,
current
progresses
field
immunotherapy
discussed.Anti-PD-(L)1
is
a
safe
an
effective
strategy
patients
with
advanced/metastatic
NSCLC.
Clinical
responses
to
nivolumab
pembrolizumab,
particular,
promising.
The
most
desired
receiving
anti-PD-(L)1
anti-PD-(L)1/anti-cytotoxic
lymphocyte
associated
antigen-4
(CTLA-4)
chemotherapy
(taxane
platinum).
PD-L1
(PD-L1
≥
50%),
patient
performance
(PS:
0-1
ECOG
scale)
effector
(Teff)
signature
considerably
affect
ICI
responses.
Higher
also
expected
TMB
high
but
EGFR-/ALK-
patients.
In
regard
safety
profile,
adverse
events
(AEs)
related
lower
compared
that
platinum-based
docetaxel
therapy.
Toripalimab
safest
among
various
drugs.
Bispecific
antibodies
against
dominant
signaling
alternative
checkpoints
microenvironment
(TME)
focus
cancers
like
contribution
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
escape
their
implication
diagnosis
on
eye
investigations.Appropriate
biomarker
selection
will
improve
treated
NSCLC
particularly
cases
under
combinatory
Application
bispecific
EV-based
targeted
novel
strategies
therapeutic
Macromolecular Bioscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(12)
Published: Aug. 11, 2023
Cytokines
can
coordinate
robust
immune
responses,
holding
great
promise
as
therapeutics
against
infections,
autoimmune
diseases,
and
cancers.
In
cancer
treatment,
numerous
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
have
displayed
promising
efficacy
in
preclinical
studies.
However,
their
clinical
application
is
hindered
by
poor
pharmacokinetics,
significant
toxicity
unsatisfactory
anticancer
efficacy.
Thus,
while
IFN-α
IL-2
are
approved
for
specific
treatments,
other
still
remain
subject
of
intense
investigation.
To
accelerate
the
immunotherapeutics,
strategies
need
to
be
directed
improve
safety
performance.
this
regard,
delivery
systems
could
used
generate
innovative
therapies
targeting
or
nucleic
acids,
such
DNA
mRNA,
encoding
tumor
tissues.
This
review
centers
on
these
cytokines,
summarizing
key
approaches,
gene
protein
delivery,
critically
examining
potential
challenges
translation.
