
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)
Published: Dec. 19, 2024
In recent years, several clinical trials focused on the potential role of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in adjuvant treatment muscle-invasive urothelial cancer (UC). Heretofore, only anti-programmed death protein 1 (anti-PD1) nivolumab received European Medical Agency (EMA) approval for cisplatin-unfit patients. our work, we deeply analyzed results three pivotal studies view rapidly evolving therapeutic advanced UC's scenario. Furthermore, there are ongoing research to investigate ICIs and other emerging immune agents this setting; awaited. Additionally, current efforts have been made assess these earlier disease settings, particularly high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder (NMIBC). review, predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers that may improve patient selection efficacy. To conclude, highlighted upcoming changes could redefine standard care patients with early-stage UC.
Language: Английский