Catalysts,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 16 - 16
Published: Dec. 28, 2024
Palladium
(Pd)
is
a
4d
transition
metal
with
electronic
configuration
[Kr]
4d10
5s0,
and
it
one
of
the
most
widely
studied
metals
in
periodic
table
due
to
its
versatile
catalytic
role
organic
synthesis.
The
choice
ligands
that
can
coordinate
Pd
sites
plays
crucial
progress
reaction.
Due
coexistence
multiple
oxidation
states
(Pd(0)/Pd(II)),
active
catalysts
participate
various
stages
coupling
Pd-catalyzed
C-C
reactions
proceed
through
four
steps:
(1)
oxidative
addition
reactant
site,
(2)
transmetallation,
(3)
rearrangements
ligand
centers
(4)
reductive
elimination
products.
For
heterogeneous
nanocatalysts,
are
often
strongly
bound
(chelated)
solid
catalyst
surfaces.
In
this
review,
we
have
highlighted
advancements
made
nanocatalysts
an
emphasis
on
types
different
classes
porous
solids,
which
could
ligate
via
strong
covalent
bonds.
high
specific
surface
areas
small
these
provide
larger
number
thus
facilitate
Mechanistic
aspects
cross-coupling
discussed
context
structure–reactivity
relationship.
In
this
study,
a
nanoreactor-type
catalyst
was
employed
in
the
Heck
reaction,
with
Pd
NPs
embedded
into
shells
of
mesoporous
hollow
carbon
spheres.
Our
findings
highlight
critical
role
both
cavity
and
shell
achieving
high
activity
stability
simultaneously.
Additionally,
by
adjusting
size
nanoreactor,
void-confinement
effect
diminishes
as
available
space
increases.
This
study
focuses
on
designing
an
intelligent
Pd-based
enhanced
catalytic
toward
reactions
good
recyclability
using
"in
&
out"
strategy.
approach
has
potential
to
provide
microenvironmental
engineering
strategies
for
nanostructures.
Applied Catalysis O Open,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
191, P. 206928 - 206928
Published: April 12, 2024
In
this
study,
a
nanoreactor-type
catalyst
was
employed
in
the
Heck
reaction,
with
Pd
NPs
embedded
into
shells
of
mesoporous
hollow
carbon
spheres.
Our
findings
highlight
critical
role
both
cavity
and
shell
achieving
high
activity
stability
simultaneously.
Additionally,
by
adjusting
size
nanoreactor,
void-confinement
effect
diminishes
as
available
space
increases.
This
study
focuses
on
designing
an
intelligent
Pd-based
enhanced
catalytic
toward
reactions
good
recyclability
using
"in
&
out"
strategy.
approach
has
potential
to
provide
microenvironmental
engineering
strategies
for
nanostructures.
Bifaceted
building
blocks
possessing
a
layered
hydrophobic
polydimethylsiloxane
(PDMS)-like
framework
and
segment-enriched
silica
network
with
permanent
porosity
have
been
crafted
for
hosting
stabilizing
gold
nanoparticles.
The
as-prepared
solid
materials
were
used
as
heterogeneous
catalysts
solvent-free
hydroamination.
Unlike
mesostructured-type
conventional
supports,
the
more
pronounced
hydrophobicity
of
PDMSiO2
provides
driving
force
preventing
imine
hydrolysis,
allowing
consequently
improving
yield
to
94%
selectivity
99%.
ChemCatChem,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(7)
Published: Dec. 20, 2023
Abstract
Cooperation
of
transition
metal
catalysis
with
photocatalysis
is
an
emerging
powerful
approach
to
achieve
coupling
reactions
for
the
synthesis
important
chemicals.
Owing
their
facilely
modulated
structures
and
properties
via
reticular
chemistry,
photoactive
covalent
organic
frameworks
(COFs)
arise
quickly
in
building
metallaphotocatalytic
platforms
targeting
more
efficient
sustainable
protocol.
In
this
Minireview,
we
summarize
recent
advances
COFs‐based
(integrated)
forge
carbon‐carbon/heteroatom
(C,
B,
N,
O,
P,
S,
etc.)
bonds
a
variety
cross‐coupling
driven
by
light,
focuses
on
engineering
COFs’
backbone,
as
well
organization
mode
COFs
site
promoted
catalytic
performance.
We
also
highlight
essential
role
underlying
electron/energy
processes
metallated
(M@COFs).
Aiming
guide
catalysts’
design
performance
or
currently
challenging
transformations,
give
our
perspectives
under‐developed
yet
promising
field.
Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 27, 2024
Abstract
In
this
work,
the
porous
silicon
(PS)
layers
were
prepared
with
electrochemical
etching
technique
of
n-type
resistance
(3.2
µm)
in
hydrofluoric
acid
(HF)
at
a
concentration
(1
ml
)with
current
density
(25
mA/cm
2
)
(20)
minute
time.
The
morphological
advantages
(AFM)
and
electrical
properties
J-V
studied.
atomic
force
microscopy
investigation
displays
rough
surface,
process
(etching
time)
structure
nucleates
which
leads
to
an
increase
depth
average
diameter
(34.12
nm).
Consequently,
surface
roughness
also
increases.
produce
PS;
namely
density-voltage
characteristics,
show
that
Porous
has
sponge-like
pore
is
increased
efficiency
Solar
cell
devices.
This
behavior
was
attributed
depletion
zone
width
led
built-in
potential.
A
Periodic
Mesoporous
Organosilica
(PMO)
containing
the
cationic
4,4-bipyridinium
group,
presenting
0.25
mmol
g-1
that
corresponds
to
11.5
w/w%,
was
successfully
prepared.
This
material
designed
have
ionic
group
acting
as
anchoring
agent
of
PdCl42-
anion
complex,
in
a
much
lower
amount
than
available
sites
(3
and
15
molar%).
Subsequently,
palladium
complex
situ
reduced
obtain
stabilized
nanoparticles
(PdNP).
The
ensemble
characterization
results
showed
PMO
walls
cylindrical
morphology
with
hexagonal
packing,
generating
well-ordered
pores
narrow
size
distribution
high
surface
area,
even
after
being
decorated
PdNP.
is
candidate
be
an
efficient
nanoreactor
considering
it
contains
spatial
uniformity
its
chemical
confined
environment.
Aiming
evaluate
availability
sites,
used
catalyst
reduction
p-nitrophenol
model
reaction.
Although
present
study
has
comparable
activity
other
already
reported
systems,
presents
impressive
lowest
molar
palladium/p-nitrophenol
ratio
found
literature.
Catalysis Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(13), P. 3580 - 3588
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
DNA-supported
palladium
catalysts
(Pd/DNA)
have
been
used
in
imination,
hydrogenation,
cross-coupling,
and
carbonylation
reactions.
In
this
mini
review,
the
effectiveness
of
Pd/DNA
impact
DNA
support
on
reusability
recent
years
has
examined.
Giant,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19, P. 100326 - 100326
Published: July 24, 2024
We
developed
a
cost-effective
silica
gel-supported
palladium
nanocatalyst
in
three-step
reactions
process.
Initially,
gel
(60–120
mesh)
underwent
amino
group
functionalization
using
3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane,
leading
to
the
formation
of
Schiff
base
through
reaction
with
1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxaldehyde
ligand.
Subsequently,
was
introduced
matrix
ligand
presence
salt
and
hydrazine
hydrate,
resulting
Schiff-base
(Si@SBPdNPs
3).
Successful
confirmed
various
spectroscopic
techniques.
FT-IR
spectra
demonstrated
incorporation
organic
moieties
onto
surface,
while
SEM
images
revealed
modified
spherical
shape
gel.
TEM
XRD
analyses
on
matrix.
ICP
EDX
measurements
validated
anchoring
0.55
mmol/g
catalyst.
Additionally,
XPS
analysis
showed
complexation
Pd(0)
matrix,
confirming
successful
integration
into
system.
This
outstanding
performance
Mizoroki-Heck
reactions,
yielding
high
product
outputs
cross-coupling
aryl
halides
olefins
under
mild
conditions.
effectively
utilized
synthesizing
Ozagrel,
thromboxane
A2
synthesis
inhibitor
used
for
treating
noncardioembolic
stroke
patients.
Remarkably,
catalyst
excellent
reusability,
maintaining
productivity
across
five
consecutive
cycles,
underscoring
its
economic
sustainable
potential
industrial
applications.