Shaping the Future of Green Hydrogen Production: Overcoming Conventional Challenges with Molecular Catalysts, Immobilization, and Scalable Electrolyzers DOI
Suhana Karim,

Niharika Tanwar,

Srewashi Das

et al.

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1073 - 1096

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The energy crisis is a daunting global problem that calls for innovative and supportable solutions to ensure future security environmental stability. To counter this uncertainty, accelerating renewable-driven hydrogen production stands as vital option foster carbon-neutral infrastructure. This review conveys an overview of worldwide generation techniques (steam methane reformation, thermochemical, biological, electrolytic), highlighting the key features, indicating pros cons, unraveling potential consequences. Herein, conventional gray cutting-edge green technologies are compared, with focus on sustainable water electrolysis utilizing renewable sources. existing difficulties electrolysis, including usage expensive catalysts in both cathode anode, discussed along possible gateway cost-effective electrocatalysts. focuses three types 3d transition metal-based molecular catalysts─cobaloximes, iron porphyrins, nickel bis-phosphines─for evolution reactions (HER), stressing their strategic synthetic designs, mechanistic routes, catalytic parameters. Despite high activity selectivity, these systems confront stability scalability issues, limiting practical applicability. address this, immobilization into solid matrices studied, simplifying integration membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzers industrial-scale production. bridge gap between lab-scale investigations commercial implementation, several design components MEA stack examined, such flow patterns scaling methodologies. A comprehensive approach catalyst development deployment ensured by significance Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) assessing sustainability economic viability. closes call multidisciplinary research innovation improve electrochemical water-splitting technology accelerate enduring economy.

Language: Английский

Shaping the Future of Green Hydrogen Production: Overcoming Conventional Challenges with Molecular Catalysts, Immobilization, and Scalable Electrolyzers DOI
Suhana Karim,

Niharika Tanwar,

Srewashi Das

et al.

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1073 - 1096

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The energy crisis is a daunting global problem that calls for innovative and supportable solutions to ensure future security environmental stability. To counter this uncertainty, accelerating renewable-driven hydrogen production stands as vital option foster carbon-neutral infrastructure. This review conveys an overview of worldwide generation techniques (steam methane reformation, thermochemical, biological, electrolytic), highlighting the key features, indicating pros cons, unraveling potential consequences. Herein, conventional gray cutting-edge green technologies are compared, with focus on sustainable water electrolysis utilizing renewable sources. existing difficulties electrolysis, including usage expensive catalysts in both cathode anode, discussed along possible gateway cost-effective electrocatalysts. focuses three types 3d transition metal-based molecular catalysts─cobaloximes, iron porphyrins, nickel bis-phosphines─for evolution reactions (HER), stressing their strategic synthetic designs, mechanistic routes, catalytic parameters. Despite high activity selectivity, these systems confront stability scalability issues, limiting practical applicability. address this, immobilization into solid matrices studied, simplifying integration membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzers industrial-scale production. bridge gap between lab-scale investigations commercial implementation, several design components MEA stack examined, such flow patterns scaling methodologies. A comprehensive approach catalyst development deployment ensured by significance Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) assessing sustainability economic viability. closes call multidisciplinary research innovation improve electrochemical water-splitting technology accelerate enduring economy.

Language: Английский

Citations

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