It's not all about drought: What “drought impacts” monitoring can reveal

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103, P. 104338 - 104338

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Drought impacts monitoring has been called the missing piece in drought assessment. The potential to improve management is high but uncertain due rare analyses of datasets, predominantly because there are few programmes generate datasets. conducted on ground much Brazil by local observers at monthly and municipality scale support Brazilian Monitor. In Ceará state, within drought-prone semiarid northeast Brazil, over 3600 reports were completed agricultural extension officers from 2019 2022. We investigated, through manual coding observer interviews, reported impact drivers. Analysis provided a catalogue experienced showed that still occur, often normalised, during non-drought periods, sometimes as lingering effects previous droughts. drivers non-extreme hydrometeorological conditions or result socio-technical vulnerabilities such insufficient water infrastructure. normalisation "impacts" included, particular: generally accepted level crop losses consistently low reservoir levels around which domestic systems adapted. Conventional indices did not align with severity, highlighting limitations relying solely these for emergency response. Continual could be extremely valuable anywhere world identifying informing proactive measures reduce other hazard risk, addition guiding targeted mitigation efforts.

Language: Английский

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Water scarcity: A global hindrance to sustainable development and agricultural production – A critical review of the impacts and adaptation strategies

Cambridge Prisms Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Water is essential for sustaining life and required carrying out basic daily activities. Even though water covers the vast majority of earth’s surface, availability fresh water, which necessary to maintain human activities, limited, making it a scarce resource. Climate change, overexploitation groundwater, population growth are all putting significant pressure on natural sources, pose serious threat various sectors society, especially in agriculture. Future projections freshwater indicate agriculture production will suffer shock globally, including India, leading food security sustainability. To ensure sustainability this vital resource, crucial use sensibly. Moreover, adopt certain strategies manage agricultural effectively. This includes adopting water-efficient techniques such as ‘micro-irrigation’, ‘irrigation scheduling’, ‘conservation agriculture’, ‘crop switching’ so on. In review, firstly, we discuss scarcity its types, causes, crisis shortages hindrance sustainable development from global perspective emphasizing Indian scenario developing nation. Secondly, elaborated our discussion impacts connection climate growth, resources globally focusing scenario. addition, innovative management practices adaptation use, constraints, need further research also covered. It anticipated that review benefit researchers policymakers by providing useful information limitation adoption strategies.

Language: Английский

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Hydrological heritage: A historical exploration of human–water dynamics in northeast Brazil

Hydrological Sciences Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Severe droughts have historically plagued Brazil's semi-arid region, leading to mass migrations and significant loss of life. Although these events sparked a unique coevolutionary relationship between humans water systems in this historical narrative remains largely unexplored from hydrological point view. This study delves into the multifaceted history development infrastructure region by compiling analyzing records, official documents, drought literature novels, newspaper reports. Thus, points that societal perception regional memory emerge as feasible pathways heritage toward community resilience droughts. Through analyse, valuable insights are provided for understanding human-water system interactions offering potential lessons other regions grappling with similar challenges.

Language: Английский

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Severe droughts reduce river navigability and isolate communities in the Brazilian Amazon

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract The Amazon basin is experiencing severe droughts that are expected to worsen with climate change. Riverine communities especially vulnerable these extreme events. This study investigates the experiences of Brazilian Amazonian during occurring from 2000-2020. We assess distribution settlements at risk prolonged isolation low-water periods, along impacts reported in digital news outlets. Using historic time series river levels 90 gauges, we look how long lasted regions impacts. Results indicate 2005, 2010, and 2016 were most severe, over an additional month low water those years. Such drought events routinely disrupt inland transport isolate local populations, limiting access essential goods (food, fuel, medicine) basic services (healthcare, education). Given this new reality, countries must develop long-term strategies for mitigation, adaptation, disaster response.

Language: Английский

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Grazing exclusion restores soil health in Brazilian drylands under desertification process

Applied Soil Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 193, P. 105107 - 105107

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Socio-Environmental Vulnerability to Drought Conditions and Land Degradation: An Assessment in Two Northeastern Brazilian River Basins

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 8029 - 8029

Published: May 15, 2023

Over the past few decades, a significant amount of agricultural land has been lost due to soil degradation/desertification. In addition, increasing frequency extreme events, such as intense droughts and forest fires, negatively impacted various ecosystem services. Two main Brazilian biomes—the Cerrado Caatinga—have affected by increased rainfall variability, leading desertification, fire frequency, and, consequently, rising concerns regarding water food security local population. this study, we develop methodology assess these impacts using Socio-Environmental Vulnerability Index (SEVI) that combines physical, environmental, socio-economic indicators related exposure, sensitivity, adaptation, well including socio-environmental feedback. The developed SEVI is then applied São Francisco Parnaíba river basins. proposed index based on MEDALUS adapted include multiple biological, indicators, allowing for discrimination areas characterized different levels vulnerability. We also analyze effectiveness governmental policies, creation conservation rural registration properties, in reducing analysis highlights adaptive capacity constraint vulnerability basin, while exposure sensitivity are greater challenges basin. results study crucial prioritization recovery actions degraded areas.

Language: Английский

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On the use of convolutional neural networks for downscaling daily temperatures over southern South America in a climate change scenario

Climate Dynamics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(1), P. 383 - 397

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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Impact of Drought on Land Productivity and Degradation in the Brazilian Semiarid Region

Land, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 954 - 954

Published: April 25, 2023

The Brazilian semiarid region (BSR) has faced severe drought over the last three decades, which led to a significant decline in land productivity, posing considerable threat food security and local economy communities. United Nations Convention Combat Desertification (UNCCD) proposed use of Earth observation-derived vegetation indices for monitoring degradation across regions. In this study, we aim evaluate comprehensive UNCCD-recommended productivity dynamic (LPD) approaches BSR by utilizing standardized precipitation–evapotranspiration index (SPEI) at 12-month time scales as benchmark obtained from ground-based measurements. Our findings indicate that LPD methods residual trends analysis (RESTREND), Trends.Earth (TE), Food Agricultural Organization’s World Overview Conservation Approaches Technologies (FAO-WOCAT) are best suited identifying degraded areas compared other approaches. However, it is advisable these with caution, since they do not fully capture impact on may result underestimating extent areas. RESTREND-based LPD, TE, FAO-WOCAT estimate reached 213,248 km2, 248,075 246,783 km2 land, respectively, between 2001 2015. These be valuable decision-makers involved management conservation efforts Sertão Brazil.

Language: Английский

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Brazilian Water Security Threatened by Climate Change and Human Behavior

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(7)

Published: July 1, 2023

Abstract Water scarcity is a growing concern globally, with climate change and increasing population exacerbating the issue. Here, we introduce new framework for assessing water availability in 708 Brazilian catchments that considers effect of CO 2 concentrations on potential evapotranspiration, uses CMIP6 bias‐corrected simulations, presumes an open balance assumption, while considering human‐aspect by incorporating demand projections. We note average reduction security 81% analyzed 2100. Among these catchments, 37% presented future availability, 63% undergo worse scenario due to increase human use, which highlights role aspect assessment. Our study shows important aspects both advancing studies drawing picture impacts changes use may be useful resources management practices hydrologic studies.

Language: Английский

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Space–Time Characterization of Extreme Precipitation Indices for the Semiarid Region of Brazil

Climate, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 43 - 43

Published: March 13, 2024

Various indices of climate variability and extremes are extensively employed to characterize potential effects change. Particularly, the semiarid region Brazil is influenced by adverse these changes, especially in terms precipitation. In this context, main objective present study was regional trends extreme precipitation (SAB), using daily data from IMERG V06 product, spanning period 1 January 2001 31 December 2020. Twelve were considered, which estimated annually, their spatial temporal subsequently analyzed nonparametric Mann–Kendall test Sen’s slope. The analysis revealed that peripheral areas SAB, northwest south regions, exhibited higher intensity frequency events compared central portion area. However, a negative trend event noted north, while positive identified south. showed predominance across most region, with an increase consecutive dry days particularly throughout western SAB. average total index above 1000 mm north whereas averages predominantly below 600 mm, rainfall values ranging between 6 10 mm/day. Over span 20 years, underwent 40 certain localities. A observed indices, indicating reduction future decades, variations some indices. years towards end likely contributed majority Such directly impact weather important for highlighting considering impacts changes Brazil. Based on obtained results, we advocate implementation public policies address challenges, such as incorporating adaptations water resource management, sustainable agricultural practices, planning urban rural areas.

Language: Английский

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