Therapeutic role of gut microbiota in lung injury-related cognitive impairment

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Lung injury can lead to specific neurocognitive dysfunction, and the “triple-hit” phenomenon may be key theoretical mechanism for progressive impairment of lung injury-related cognitive impairment. The brain communicate biologically through immune regulation pathway, hypoxic neural circuit, mitochondrial microbial influence, which is called “lung-brain axis.” gut microbiota a highly complex community microorganisms that reside in with via “gut-lung dysregulation migration pathogenic bacteria lung, directly or indirectly regulate response their metabolites, cause aggravate injury. interact “gut-brain influence function behavior pathway mechanisms, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation. Based on axis” axis,” combined mechanisms caused by injury, we proposed hypothesis. It states pathophysiological changes trigger series events such as disorder, inflammatory responses, changes, activate “lung-gut thus forming leads development deterioration This hypothesis provides more comprehensive framework studying understanding dysfunction context review proposes existence an interactive tandem network information exchange among gut, brain, referred “gut-lung-brain further explores potential multiple interactions We found there are many numerous factors interaction within impact functions related mediated hypothesis, direct translocation microbes modulation, vagal nerve activity, HPA regulation, others. As research deepens, based it discovered therapy significantly change pathogenesis process also relieve therapeutically modulate behavior. perspective new idea follow-up treatment microbiota.

Language: Английский

---

Bronchial asthma in the era of personalized medicine

Сибирский научный медицинский журнал, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44(6), P. 41 - 47

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Bronchial asthma is a growing burden on the health system worldwide, mainly affecting population of low-income countries. The widespread growth morbidity has significant negative impact quality life patients. lack radical treatment for many years can be explained by understanding mechanisms its development. Currently, heterogeneity bronchial recognized, which reflected in numerous risk factors. Advances various aspects pathogenesis this complex disease contribute to development new and more effective therapeutic approaches. Understanding phenotyping endotyping an important aspect effectiveness particular biological drug depends. Timely diagnosis well-chosen therapy prevent progression allow achieving long-term remission asthma. history studying etiopathogenesis brought progressive changes treatment. purpose work review phenotypic features asthma, as well individualized methods severe prognostic monitoring biomarkers drugs. search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE databases. following keywords were used: “bronchial asthma”, “asthma phenotypes”, endotypes”, biomarkers”.

Language: Английский

---

Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Pediatric Asthma in Palestine

Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology & Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(1), P. 27 - 27

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Significant debate exists on the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and childhood asthma. We aimed to explore this in a cohort of children Palestine while estimating prevalence H. population. conducted prospective case-control study among aged 6-15 years Palestine, including 44 asthma cases diagnosed by pediatric pulmonologists 99 age-matched healthy controls recruited through cluster sampling from schools. status was determined using stool antigen test. Asthma severity assessed International Study Allergies Childhood questionnaire. Data recent antibiotic use, which could affect status, were collected for both groups. Multiple logistic regression analyzed asthma, adjusting age sex. The chi-square test impact use status. population 45%. Children with had lower compared (32% vs. 51%, adjusted odds ratios, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.22-0.99; p=0.04). Antibiotic past month or year did not significantly Among rates vary (p=0.05). is associated reduced risk children, suggesting potential protective role. Further studies are warranted clarify mechanisms underlying association.

Language: Английский

---

Role of the Gut-Lung Microbiome Axis in Airway Inflammation in OVA-Challenged Mice and the Effect of Azithromycin

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 2661 - 2676

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

This study aimed to investigate the role of gut-lung microbiome axis in airway inflammation asthma and evaluate effect azithromycin on this axis, with a focus potential mechanism by which reduces allergic inflammation. Haematoxylin eosin (H&E) periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining were used assess pathological changes lung tissues asthmatic mice. Leukocyte cell types bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples quantified following Wright-Giemsa staining. Total IgE, OVA-specific IL-4, IL-6, IL-17A levels BALF total IgE serum measured ELISA. The respiratory gut microbiota analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing subsequent taxonomic analysis. OVA-challenged mice dysbiosis exhibited alterations microbiota, resulting further aggravation Following faecal transplantation (FMT) restore was partially improved, significantly alleviated. Furthermore, reduced mice, particularly non-eosinophilic inflammation, for low-dose combined budesonide proved more effective. Azithromycin enhanced diversity microbial composition also affected microbiota. At phylum level, decreased abundance Proteobacteria genus Pseudomonas plays crucial asthma. may reduce through modulation axis.

Language: Английский

---

An update and overview of the various health‐related benefits of probiotics: A focus on clinical trials demonstrating efficacy, tolerability and use in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(S1), P. 15 - 22

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Recently, probiotics have been investigated as potential therapeutic agents for various diseases. Clinical studies using conducted in humans with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role initiating insulin resistance the pathogenesis of diabetes, leading to cardiovascular Intestinal dysfunction postulated trigger systemic chronic inflammation, it is assumed that suppression intestine point activity probiotics. Therefore, this review, among randomised controlled trials evaluated effects patients we selected indices glycaemic control inflammation-related markers. Some shown administration improved indices, such HbA1c levels, reduced C-reactive protein levels proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6, blood, suggesting inflammation. Two showed improvements implying they were mediated by IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Although correlation between improvement has not documented, one trial revealed worsened, accompanied decrease cytokine after discontinued. Other can reduce blood endotoxin increase intestinal mucin production. These findings suggest probiotic enormous suppress metabolic disorders, control. Suppression speculated prevent vascular diseases diabetes.

Language: Английский

---

Gut microbiota as a new target for anticancer therapy: from mechanism to means of regulation

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 11, 2025

In order to decipher the relationship between gut microbiota imbalance and cancer, this paper reviewed role of intestinal in anticancer therapy related mechanisms, discussed current research status as a biomarker finally summarized reasonable means regulating assist cancer therapy. Overall, our study reveals that can serve potential target for improving management.

Language: Английский

---

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization and potential mechanistic insights into the causal relationship between gut microbiota and malignant mesothelioma

Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(17), P. e42245 - e42245

Published: April 25, 2025

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare but aggressive cancer originating from mesothelial cells, which presents significant challenges to patients’ physical and psychological well-being. The gut–lung axis underscores the connection between gut microbiota respiratory diseases, with emerging evidence suggesting strong association development of MM. In this study, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis investigate potential causal relationship MM, while also exploring underlying mechanisms through bioinformatics approaches. Gut summary data were obtained MiBioGen consortium, MM sourced FinnGen R11 dataset. Causality was examined using inverse variance weighted method as primary analysis. Additional methods, including median, simple mode, MR-Egger, employed. robustness findings validated sensitivity analyses, reverse causality considered further strengthen MR results. Moreover, analyses on genetic loci associated both explore mechanisms. Our study suggests that genetically predicted increases in class.Bacilli , family.Rikenellaceae genus.Clostridium innocuum group order.Lactobacillales suggestively higher risk whereas genus.Ruminococcaceae UCG004 genus.Flavonifractor phylum.Firmicutes genus.Anaerofilum sensu stricto 1 genus.Lactobacillus appeared confer protective effects. Bioinformatics indicated differentially expressed genes near might affect by modulating pathways tumor microenvironment. results point predisposition linking Further experimental validation crucial confirm these candidate microbes, establish causality, elucidate

Language: Английский

---

The Role of the Microbiome in Allergy, Asthma, and Occupational Lung Disease

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(8), P. 415 - 423

Published: June 21, 2024

The human commensal microbiota is now widely accepted as a key regulator of health and disease. composition the mucosal associated has been shown to play critical role in lung health. development severity allergy, asthma, occupational disease only beginning take shape. However, advances our understanding these links have tremendous potential led new clinical interventions reduce morbidity. We review recent work describing relationship Our primarily focuses on exposures effects microbiome, both function. Data generated from studies may lead targeted at establishing maintaining healthy microbiota. also highlight environmental microbial community their association with This explores current research microbiome regulation pulmonary disease, specific focus

Language: Английский

---

Correlation between gut microbiota characteristics and non-small cell lung cancer based on macrogenomics sequencing

Hereditas, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 161(1)

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Abstract Objective Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing chemotherapy and immunotherapy experience disturbances in the gut microbiota. This study intends to find out correlation between microbiota clinical indices before after radiotherapy for NSCLC. Methods Ten with primary NSCLC were screened, plasma fecal samples collected radiotherapy, respectively. Inflammatory detected. Genomic DNA was extracted from specimens sequenced on Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing platform. Thee data subjected Metagenome assembly, gene prediction, species annotation, function analysis analyze metabolic functions. The diversity of indicators evaluated, changes observed. Results did not correlate smoking, pathology, inflammatory markers. abundance phylum (p)_ Bacteroidetes increased; p_ Firmicutes accounted highest proportion patients, both dominantly exchanged radiotherapy. There a decrease genus (g)_ Bifidobacterium patients. no significant sensitivity, structural composition remained stable. Conclusion is altered showing an increase harmful bacteria beneficial bacteria.

Language: Английский

---

Unveiling genetic links between gut microbiota and asthma: a Mendelian randomization

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

Background Multiple studies suggest a potential connection between the gut microbiome and asthma. Our objective is to use advanced genetic metagenomic techniques elucidate causal relationships underlying mechanisms microbiota Methods The study utilized comprehensive Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC) Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses examine relationship 119 genera asthma, using publicly accessible genome-wide association (GWAS). meta-analysis synthesized summary effect estimates obtained from LDSC, forward MR, reverse MR. MiBioGen collaboration, involving 18,340 individuals, identified variations associated with bacteria. Asthma data were collected UK Biobank, FinnGen, GERA, encompassing total of 82,060 cases 641,049 controls. Results LDSC analysis revealed significant negative correlations asthma RuminococcaceaeUCG004 (Rg = −0.55, p 7.66 × 10 −5 ) Subdoligranulum −0.35, 3.61 −4 ). Forward MR suggested associations Butyricicoccus (OR 0.92, 0.01), Turicibacter 0.95, 0.025), Butyrivibrio 0.98, 0.047), reduced risk. Conversely, Coprococcus2 1.10, 0.035) Roseburia 1.07, 0.039) increased Reverse indicated genetically predicted Eubacteriumxylanophilumgroup (Beta −0.08, 9.25 −7 ), LachnospiraceaeNK4A136group −0.05, 1.26 Eisenbergiella 0.06, 0.015, Rg_ P 0.043). Conclusion findings underscore specific These insights highlight as both markers modulators risk, offering new avenues for targeted therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

---