A special issue on the physics of the cytoskeleton

Cytoskeleton, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81(8), P. 295 - 296

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

We are delighted to introduce the "Physics of Cytoskeleton" special issue. This collection 10 contributed papers (seven research articles, two short reports, and a perspective) highlights physical properties central understanding cytoskeletal function. These showcase variety methodologies, including theoretical computational techniques experimental approaches using in vitro or cellular systems. Some themes this issue include multiscale mechanics, self-organization, phase separation, scaling, molecular modeling. Mostafazadeh Peng (2024) used mathematical modeling connect lamin nuclear mechanics. Starting from force-extension individual dimers, they proceed construct 2D network continuum model then finite element simulations entire nucleus. Wubshet et al. looked at mechanical confined bundled branched actin networks encapsulated within giant unilamellar vesicles experimentally through micropipette aspiration. They find differential response: while linear bundles align along axis following vesicle aspiration, remain intact vesicle. developed primary cilia that considers nine microtubule doublets cilium membrane. deforming result significant membrane bending stress. indicated transmembrane sensing proteins may be activated more by curvature than stretching, challenging traditional models mechanosensing. Matsuda studied contracting actomyosin with experiments discrete, filament-level Their findings highlight how filament fragmentation due tensile forces regulates rupture contraction. Banerjee evolution polymerizing filaments two-dimensional layer steric interactions. kinetic trapping into long-lived collective patterns, organized around nematic defects, arises competition between polymerization elasticity. Chauhan self-organization microtubules antiparallel crosslinker MAP65 as function ionic conditions. monovalent salt changes morphologies spindle-like tactoids long bundles, modifying phase-separation properties. Zimyanin Redemann asked length relates size meiotic spindle. By combining electron tomography live imaging Caenorhabditis elegans, discover positive correlation spindle lengths. large-scale depend on molecular-level processes regulating length. Aydin regulatory protein VASP binds its FAB domain. Using homology docking simulations, predict atomistic level binding well mutation sites disrupt VASP–actin complex. results supported their total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy experiments. Joshi understand αIIbβ3 integrin undergoes bent extended conformation transitions regulate platelet aggregation during hemostasis thrombosis. dynamics calibrate an elastic model, extension involves interfaces functional domains allosteric coupling, highlighting importance lower leg domains. Finally, perspective, Mukadum discuss challenges opportunities probing regulation cytoskeleton coarse-grained simulations. reflects tradition quantitative studies field research, which journal Cytoskeleton has repeatedly recognized. Certainly, such will continue play pivotal role unraveling principles underlying complex behavior components. would like thank all contributing authors for responding our call, anonymous peer reviewers valuable insights suggestions, Editor-in-Chief Julian Guttman his enthusiasm support.

Language: Английский

Nuclear Structure, Size Regulation, and Role in Cell Migration

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(24), P. 2130 - 2130

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

The nucleus serves as a pivotal regulatory and control hub in the cell, governing numerous aspects of cellular functions, including DNA replication, transcription, RNA processing. Therefore, any deviations nuclear morphology, structure, or organization can strongly affect activities. In this review, we provide an updated perspective on structure function components, focusing linker nucleoskeleton cytoskeleton complex, envelope, lamina, chromatin. Additionally, size should be considered fundamental parameter for state. Its regulation is tightly linked to environmental changes, development, various diseases, cancer. Hence, also concise overview different mechanisms by which determined, emerging role mechanical sensor, implications altered morphology physiology diseased cells.

Language: Английский