Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Nov. 26, 2020

Most head and neck cancers are derived from the mucosal epithelium in oral cavity, pharynx larynx known collectively as squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Oral cavity generally associated with tobacco consumption, alcohol abuse or both, whereas increasingly attributed to infection human papillomavirus (HPV), primarily HPV-16. Thus, HNSCC can be separated into HPV-negative HPV-positive HNSCC. Despite evidence of histological progression cellular atypia through various degrees dysplasia, ultimately leading invasive HNSCC, most patients diagnosed late-stage without a clinically evident antecedent pre-malignant lesion. Traditional staging using tumour–node–metastasis system has been supplemented by 2017 AJCC/UICC system, which incorporates additional information relevant disease. Treatment is multimodal, consisting surgery followed chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for primary CRT cancers. The EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab used combination radiation where comorbidities prevent use cytotoxic chemotherapy. FDA approved immune checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab nivolumab treatment recurrent metastatic unresectable Elucidation molecular genetic landscape over past decade revealed new opportunities therapeutic intervention. Ongoing efforts aim integrate our understanding biology immunobiology identify predictive biomarkers that will enable delivery effective, least-toxic therapies. Head carcinomas (HNSCCs) originate commonly viral use. This Primer provides an overview epidemiology, pathogenesis HNSCCs different aetiologies effects cancer its on patient quality life.

Language: Английский

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Psychological outcomes in patients with rare cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 102631 - 102631

Published: May 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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European white paper: oropharyngeal dysphagia in head and neck cancer

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 278(2), P. 577 - 616

Published: Dec. 19, 2020

To develop a European White Paper document on oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) in head and neck cancer (HNC). There are wide variations the management of OD associated with HNC across Europe.

Language: Английский

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Potential impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on financial toxicity in cancer survivors

Head & Neck, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 42(6), P. 1332 - 1338

Published: April 24, 2020

In the context of COVID-19, cancer survivors represent a particularly vulnerable population that may be "doubly hit" by both costs treatment and financial strain imposed pandemic.We performed review literature pertaining to cancer, toxicity, economic challenges.Multiple societies have put forth recommendations modify delivery care in order minimize patient exposure virus. Cancer survivors, especially patients with head neck been disproportionately affected rising unemployment levels recessions past, which are linked higher mortality. Patients who rely on employer-provided insurance do not qualify for Medicaid lose access life-saving treatments.It is essential implement interventions policy changes mitigate effects this pandemic but also ensure becomes nonissue during next one.

Language: Английский

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Head and neck cancer survivorship consensus statement from the American Head and Neck Society

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 70 - 92

Published: Nov. 30, 2021

Abstract Objectives To provide a consensus statement describing best practices and evidence regarding head neck cancer survivorship. Methods Key topics survivorship were identified by the multidisciplinary membership of American Head Neck Society Survivorship, Supportive Care & Rehabilitation Service. Guidelines generated combining expert opinion review literature categorized level evidence. Results Several areas including dysphonia, dysphagia, fatigue, chronic pain, intimacy, ability to return work, financial toxicity, lymphedema, psycho‐oncology, physical activity, substance abuse discussed. Additionally, group described role key clinicians in surgical, medical radiation oncologists; dentists; primary care physicians; psychotherapists; as well physical, occupational, speech, respiratory therapists. Conclusion is complex requires approach centered around patients their caregivers. As survival related treatment improves, addressing post‐treatment concerns appropriately critically important our patient's quality life. There continues be need define effective efficient programs that can coordinate this effort toward

Language: Английский

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Causes and Ways of Death in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 150(4), P. 303 - 303

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Importance There is limited literature on the exact causes and ways of death in patients with head neck cancer. To provide optimal care, especially palliative phase, more information this needed. Objective insights into among Design, Setting, Participants This retrospective cohort study included a consecutive population who received diagnosis primary squamous cell carcinoma between January 2006 December 2013 were treated Erasmus MC. Patient data merged nonpublic microdata from Statistics Netherlands. Follow-up time was specified as date until or 3, 2019, whichever came first. The checked reanalyzed November 2023. Main outcomes Measures Causes (eg, cancer, other cancer) natural death, suicide) death. Results A total 1291 (59.2%; 342 women [26.5%]) died during follow-up (median [IQR] follow-up, 2.7 [1.2-5.6] years). main cause cancer (557 [43.1%]), followed by competing cancers (344 [26.6%]). In total, 240 (18.6%) sedation 70 (5.4%) euthanasia. Compared underlying lower odds ratios (ORs) observed for receiving (OR, 0.32 vs 0.07; 95% CI, 0.22-0.46 0.03-0.12) euthanasia 0.22 0.01; 0.11-0.41 0-0.107) Patients middle high income had higher ORs 1.46 1.86; 1.05-2.04 1.22-2.85) 2.25 3.37; 1.18-4.3, 1.6-7.12) compared low-income patients. Retired employed 0.56 0.44; 0.39-0.8 0.24-0.82). Conclusion Relevance results suggest that than half common socioeconomic status These may support health care professionals providing patient-centered phase.

Language: Английский

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Health-Related Quality of Life, Psychosocial Distress and Unmet Needs in Older Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 15, 2022

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common cancer involving mucosal surfaces of head associated with a number etiological factors, including cigarette smoking, alcohol betel nut consumption exposure to high-risk human papillomavirus. The risk HNSCC increases age, peaking in seventh eighth decade, but this varies by anatomical histological subtype. While several advancements have been made treatment (HNC) recent decades, undertaking curative still subjects majority patients substantial treatment-related toxicity requiring tolerate gamut physical, psychological, emotional demands on their reserves. In conjunction other patient-related clinicians involved treating may incorporate advancing chronological age into decision-making process when determining recommendations. be increased concerns regarding physical tolerability, also concerned about heightened vulnerability various health wellbeing outcomes. available literature, however, does not provide evidence and, many instances, older self-report greater resilience compared younger counterparts. data reassuring it limited selection bias heterogeneity trial study design absence consistent definition elderly patient HNSCC. This narrative review article includes measures used assess HRQL, psychosocial outcomes unmet needs or

Language: Английский

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Targeting cancer stem cells as a strategy for reducing chemotherapy resistance in head and neck cancers

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 149(14), P. 13417 - 13435

Published: July 15, 2023

Abstract Purpose Resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the primary cause of a poor prognosis in oncological patients. Researchers identified many possible mechanisms involved gaining therapy-resistant phenotype by cancer cells, including alterations intracellular drug accumulation, detoxification, enhanced DNA damage repair. All these features are characteristic stem making them major culprit chemoresistance. This paper reviews most recent evidence regarding association between stemness chemoresistance head neck cancers. It also investigates impact pharmacologically targeting cell populations this subset malignancies. Methods narrative review was prepared based on search PubMed database for relevant papers. Results Head cells belonging population distinguished high expression certain surface proteins (e.g., CD10, CD44, CD133), pluripotency-related transcription factors (SOX2, OCT4, NANOG), increased activity aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Chemotherapy itself increases percentage stem-like cells. Importantly, intratumor heterogeneity subpopulations reflects plasticity which has great importance induction. Conclusions Evidence points advantage combining classical chemotherapeutics with modulators thanks joint bulk proliferating tumor chemoresistant could recurrence.

Language: Английский

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Salivary-Based Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA Level Is an Independent Prognostic Biomarker for Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 301 - 301

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Changes in the copy numbers of cell-free nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) and mitochondrial (cf-mtDNA) have shown promising diagnostic utilities among patients with head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Considering absence objective prognostic tools for HNSCC surveillance, this study aimed to assess utility saliva-based cf-nDNA cf-mtDNA predicting overall survival HNSCC. The included ninety-four a confirmed diagnosis mean follow-up time 32.04 months (±19.1). A liquid biopsy was collected from each patient. multiplex quantitative PCR used determine absolute number cf-mtDNA. Kaplan-Meier estimator Cox proportional hazards regression models were survival. statistically significantly higher deceased than censored ones (p < 0.05). Individuals elevated levels or associated poorer ≤ univariate analysis showed that only sole predictor However, multivariate all cf-nDNA, cf-mtDNA, stage predictors Our confirms saliva is reliable non-invasive source data can be predict HNSCC, where act as predictor.

Language: Английский

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Advances in CAR-T Cell Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 2173 - 2173

Published: March 10, 2023

Surgery with the assistance of conventional radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy is basis for head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment. However, these treatment modalities, recurrence metastasis tumors remain at a high level. Increasingly, evidence indicates an excellent anti-tumor effect chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells in hematological malignancy treatment, this novel has attracted researchers’ attention HNSCC Although several clinical trials have been conducted, weak side effects CAR-T therapy against are barriers to translation. The limited choices targeting proteins, infiltration into targeted short survival time vivo should be solved. In review, we introduce HNSCC. limitations current promising strategies overcome solid tumors, as well applications covered. perspectives future also discussed.

Language: Английский

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