Journal of Neurochemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 20, 2024
Abstract
The
nucleus
of
the
solitary
tract
(NTS)
receives
direct
viscerosensory
vagal
afferent
input
that
drives
autonomic
reflexes,
neuroendocrine
function
and
modulates
behaviour.
A
subpopulation
NTS
neurons
project
to
accumbens
(NAc);
however,
this
NTS‐NAc
pathway
remains
unknown.
combination
neuroanatomical
tracing,
slice
electrophysiology
fibre
photometry
was
used
in
mice
and/or
rats
determine
how
fit
within
network.
projection
are
predominantly
located
medial
caudal
portions
with
54
±
7%
(mice)
65
3%
(rat)
being
TH‐positive,
representing
A2
cell
group.
In
horizontal
brainstem
slices,
(ST)
stimulation
evoked
excitatory
post‐synaptic
currents
(EPSCs)
neurons.
majority
(75%)
received
low‐jitter,
zero‐failure
EPSCs
characteristic
monosynaptic
ST
identifies
them
as
second
order
primary
sensory
We
then
examined
whether
respond
cholecystokinin
(CCK,
20
μg/kg
ip)
vivo
both
rats.
Surprisingly,
there
no
difference
number
activated
cells
between
CCK
saline‐treated
mice.
rats,
just
6%
were
recruited
by
CCK.
As
TH
source
for
NAc
noradrenaline,
we
measured
noradrenaline
release
showed
levels
declined
response
cue‐induced
reward
retrieval
but
not
foot
shock.
Combined,
these
findings
suggest
high‐fidelity
information
from
afferents
reaches
NAc.
These
signals
likely
unrelated
CCK‐sensitive
could
interact
other
higher
inputs
modulate
learned
appetitive
behaviours.
image
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
The
visceral
organ-brain
axis,
mediated
by
vagal
sensory
neurons,
is
essential
for
maintaining
various
physiological
functions.
Here,
we
investigate
the
impact
of
liver-projecting
neurons
on
energy
balance,
hepatic
steatosis,
and
anxiety-like
behavior
in
mice
under
obesogenic
conditions.
A
small
subset
innervate
liver
project
centrally
to
nucleus
tractus
solitarius,
area
postrema,
dorsal
motor
vagus,
peripherally
periportal
areas
liver.
loss
these
prevents
diet-induced
obesity,
outcomes
are
associated
with
increased
expenditure.
Although
males
females
exhibit
improved
glucose
homeostasis
following
disruption
only
male
display
insulin
sensitivity.
Furthermore,
limits
progression
steatosis.
Intriguingly,
lacking
liver-innervating
also
less
compared
control
mice.
Modulation
liver-brain
axis
may
aid
designing
effective
treatments
both
psychiatric
metabolic
disorders
obesity
MAFLD.
Liver-projecting
play
a
key
role
regulating
Modulating
via
vagus
nerve
offer
promising
therapeutic
approach
improving
lipid
metabolism,
homeostasis,
affective
diabetes.
Neuron,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
111(14), P. 2184 - 2200.e7
Published: May 15, 2023
Vagal
sensory
neurons
monitor
mechanical
and
chemical
stimuli
in
the
gastrointestinal
tract.
Major
efforts
are
underway
to
assign
physiological
functions
many
distinct
subtypes
of
vagal
neurons.
Here,
we
use
genetically
guided
anatomical
tracing,
optogenetics,
electrophysiology
identify
characterize
neuron
expressing
Prox2
Runx3
mice.
We
show
that
three
these
neuronal
innervate
esophagus
stomach
regionalized
patterns,
where
they
form
intraganglionic
laminar
endings.
Electrophysiological
analysis
revealed
low-threshold
mechanoreceptors
but
possess
different
adaptation
properties.
Lastly,
genetic
ablation
demonstrated
their
essential
roles
for
esophageal
peristalsis
freely
behaving
Our
work
defines
identity
function
provide
mechanosensory
feedback
from
brain
could
lead
better
understanding
treatment
motility
disorders.
The Journal of Comparative Neurology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
530(17), P. 3072 - 3103
Published: Aug. 21, 2022
Anatomical
tracing
studies
examining
the
vagal
system
can
conflate
details
of
sensory
afferent
and
motor
efferent
neurons.
Here,
we
used
a
serotype
adeno-associated
virus
that
transports
retrogradely
exhibits
selective
tropism
for
afferents,
to
map
their
soma
location
central
termination
sites
within
nucleus
solitary
tract
(NTS).
We
examined
afferents
innervating
trachea,
duodenum,
stomach,
or
heart,
in
some
animals,
from
two
organs
concurrently.
observed
no
obvious
somatotopy
somata
distribution
nodose
ganglion.
The
patterns
different
NTS
overlap
substantially.
Convergence
inputs
onto
single
neurons
is
observed.
Abdominal
thoracic
terminate
throughout
NTS,
including
rostral
where
7th
cranial
nerve
are
known
synapse.
To
address
whether
axonal
labeling
produced
by
viral
transduction
so
widespread
because
it
fills
axons
traveling
targets,
not
just
terminal
fields,
labeled
pre
postsynaptic
elements
.
Vagal
form
multiple
putative
synapses
as
they
course
through
with
each
neuron
distributing
signals
second-order
observe
little
selectivity
between
visceral
targets
common
neurochemical
phenotypes,
making
close
appositions
same
neuron.
conclude
specific
viscerosensory
information
distributed
widely
coding
this
input
probably
determined
intrinsic
properties
projections
Biological Psychology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
182, P. 108626 - 108626
Published: July 6, 2023
Each
organism
must
regulate
its
internal
state
in
a
metabolically
efficient
way
as
it
interacts
space
and
time
with
an
ever-changing
only
partly
predictable
world.
Success
this
endeavor
is
largely
determined
by
the
ongoing
communication
between
brain
body,
vagus
nerve
crucial
structure
that
dialogue.
In
review,
we
introduce
novel
hypothesis
afferent
engaged
signal
processing
rather
than
just
relay.
New
genetic
structural
evidence
of
vagal
fiber
anatomy
motivates
two
hypotheses:
(1)
sensory
signals
informing
on
physiological
body
compute
both
spatial
temporal
viscerosensory
features
they
ascend
nerve,
following
patterns
found
other
architectures,
such
visual
olfactory
systems;
(2)
ascending
descending
modulate
one
another,
calling
into
question
strict
segregation
motor
signals,
respectively.
Finally,
discuss
several
implications
our
hypotheses
for
understanding
role
predictive
energy
regulation
(i.e.,
allostasis)
well
metabolic
memory
disorders
prediction
(e.g.,
mood
disorders).
Open Access Rheumatology Research and Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 16, P. 55 - 66
Published: March 1, 2024
The
classification
of
fibromyalgia
(FM)
is
not
always
immediate
and
simple,
with
the
time
from
first
diagnosis,
compared
to
onset
symptoms,
a
few
years.
Currently,
we
do
have
instrumental
or
biochemical
tests
considered
as
gold
standards;
clinician
will
make
diagnosis
FM
based
on
patient's
medical
history
subjective
assessment.
symptoms
can
involve
physical,
cognitive
psychological
disorders,
presence
pain
different
origins
classifications:
nociplastic,
nociceptive
neuropathic
pain.
Among
highlighted,
postural
disorders
neuromotor
uncoordination
emerge,
whose
functional
dysfunctions
increase
mortality
morbidity
rate.
An
alteration
diaphragm
muscle
could
generate
such
motor
problems.
Considering
that
current
literature
underestimates
importance
breathing
in
FM,
article
aims
highlight
relationship
between
diaphragmatic
difficulties
patient,
soliciting
new
points
view
for
clinical
therapeutic
framework.
