Annual Review of Psychology,
Journal Year:
2013,
Volume and Issue:
65(1), P. 95 - 120
Published: June 29, 2013
Color
is
a
ubiquitous
perceptual
stimulus
that
often
considered
in
terms
of
aesthetics.
Here
we
review
theoretical
and
empirical
work
looks
beyond
color
aesthetics
to
the
link
between
psychological
functioning
humans.
We
begin
by
setting
historical
context
for
research
this
area,
particularly
highlighting
methodological
issues
hampered
earlier
work.
proceed
overview
advances
during
past
decade
conduct
emerging
findings.
Our
focuses
especially
on
achievement
affiliation/attraction
contexts,
but
it
also
covers
consumer
behavior
as
well
food
beverage
evaluation
consumption.
The
clearly
shows
can
carry
important
meaning
have
an
impact
people's
affect,
cognition,
behavior.
literature
remains
at
nascent
stage
development,
however,
note
considerable
boundary
conditions,
moderators,
real-world
generalizability
needed
before
strong
conceptual
statements
recommendations
application
are
warranted.
provide
suggestions
future
conclude
emphasizing
broad
promise
area.
Abstract
Colour
is
an
integral
part
of
natural
and
constructed
environments.
For
many,
it
also
has
aesthetic
appeal,
with
some
colours
being
more
pleasant
than
others.
Moreover,
humans
seem
to
systematically
reliably
associate
emotions,
such
as
yellow
joy,
black
sadness,
light
positive
dark
negative
emotions.
To
systematise
colour–emotion
correspondences,
we
identified
132
relevant
peer-reviewed
articles
published
in
English
between
1895
2022.
These
covered
a
total
42,266
participants
from
64
different
countries.
We
found
that
all
basic
colour
categories
had
systematic
correspondences
affective
dimensions
(valence,
arousal,
power)
well
discrete
terms
(e.g.,
love
,
happy
sad,
bored
).
Most
were
many-to-many,
effects
driven
by
lightness,
saturation,
hue
(‘colour
temperature’).
More
specifically,
(i)
LIGHT
DARK
associated
respectively;
(ii)
RED
empowering,
high
arousal
emotions;
(iii)
YELLOW
ORANGE
positive,
(iv)
BLUE,
GREEN,
GREEN–BLUE,
WHITE
low
(v)
PINK
(vi)
PURPLE
empowering
(vii)
GREY
negative,
(viii)
BLACK
Shared
communication
needs
might
explain
these
consistencies
across
studies,
making
excellent
medium
for
emotion.
As
most
tested
on
abstract
level
(i.e.,
associations),
remains
be
seen
whether
translate
the
impact
experienced
emotions
specific
contexts.
Color Research & Application,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
43(2), P. 224 - 237
Published: Aug. 30, 2017
Abstract
Emotions
are
often
associated
with
colors,
but
what
mediates
color–emotion
associations
is
not
fully
understood.
This
study
examined
between
colors
and
emotions
using
correspondence
analysis.
The
hypothesis
that
through
the
hue
circle
circumplex
model
of
emotion/affect
was
tested.
Participants
viewed
40
reported
a
word
expressed
an
emotion
they
or
felt
in
response
to
each
color.
Participants'
responses
were
aggregated
into
contingency
table
words,
analysis
conducted.
An
eight‐dimensional
biplot
obtained.
first
second
dimensions
related
hue,
configuration
similar
colors'
spectral
trajectory
CIE
xy
space
CIELAB
a*b*
color
space.
consistent
emotion,
which
rejected
above
hypothesis.
1
2
appeared
be
mediated
by
perceived
temperature
emotions.
In
3–6,
seemed
reflect
secondary
based
on
cultural
convention
personal
experiences
(such
as
white
emotionless
purity
blue
depression)
These
results
also
demonstrated
usefulness
for
analyzing
due
its
ability
reveal
underlying
statistical
structure
associations.
Frontiers in Psychology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Nov. 27, 2018
Research
on
food
experience
is
typically
challenged
by
the
way
questions
are
worded.
We
therefore
developed
EmojiGrid:
a
graphical
(language-independent)
intuitive
self-report
tool
to
measure
food-related
valence
and
arousal.
In
first
experiment
participants
rated
arousing
quality
of
60
images,
using
either
EmojiGrid
or
two
independent
visual
analog
scales
(VAS).
The
ratings
obtained
with
both
tools
strongly
agree.
However,
arousal
only
agree
for
pleasant
items,
but
not
unpleasant
ones.
Furthermore,
results
show
typical
universal
U-shaped
relation
between
mean
that
commonly
observed
wide
range
(visual,
auditory,
tactile,
olfactory)
affective
stimuli,
while
VAS
yields
positive
linear
association
hypothesized
this
disagreement
reflects
lack
proper
understanding
concept
in
condition.
second
we
attempted
clarify
asking
rate
intensity
taste
associated
perceived
items.
After
adjustment
yielded
similar
(both
showing
arousal).
A
comparison
from
showed
depended
actual
wording
used,
were
affected
framing
question.
This
suggests
largely
self-explaining
intuitive.
To
test
hypothesis,
performed
third
which
images
without
an
question,
compared
those
experiments.
all
three
experiments
closely
conclude
appears
be
valid
does
rely
written
instructions
can
efficiently
used
emotions.
Review of General Psychology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
23(2), P. 177 - 200
Published: Dec. 20, 2018
Empirical
work
on
color
and
psychological
functioning
has
a
long
history,
dating
back
to
the
19th
century.
This
early
research
focused
five
different
areas:
Arousal,
physical
strength,
preference,
time
perception,
attention.
In
present
paper,
I
overview
relations
observed
in
this
research,
detail
methodological
weaknesses
therein.
then
trace
subsequent
20th
21st
century
developments
these
areas,
terms
of
both
content
methods.
Finally,
extend
review
cover
full
breadth
domain
inquiry,
provide
guidelines
for
interpreting
existing
conducting
future
work.
Thus,
historically
based
tells
us
much
about
functioning,
including
where
it
started,
been,
is,
can
go.
