Cutting‐Edge Optimization Strategies and In Situ Characterization Techniques for Urea Oxidation Reaction Catalysts: A Comprehensive Review DOI Open Access
Jagadis Gautam, Seul‐Yi Lee, Soo‐Jin Park

et al.

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

Abstract Urea electrolysis presents an eco‐friendly, cost‐effective method for hydrogen (H 2 ) production and pollution control. However, its efficiency is limited by a slow 6‐electron transfer process, necessitating advanced electrocatalysts to accelerate the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) moderate overpotential, thereby cutting energy losses. Developing efficient, affordable vital practical (UE) improving UOR kinetics. Optimizing requires creating highly active sites, enhancing electrical conductivity, manipulating electronic structures improved electron intermediate binding affinities. This review explores recent advances in catalyst design, focusing on transition metal‐based catalysts, including nanostructures, phases, defects, heterostructures, alloys, composites. It underscores importance of understanding structure‐performance relationships, surface reconstruction phenomena, mechanisms through situ characterization. Additionally, it critically assesses challenges catalysis provides insights developing high‐performance electrocatalysts. The finishes with perspectives future research directions green generation via electrolysis.

Language: Английский

Cutting‐Edge Optimization Strategies and In Situ Characterization Techniques for Urea Oxidation Reaction Catalysts: A Comprehensive Review DOI Open Access
Jagadis Gautam, Seul‐Yi Lee, Soo‐Jin Park

et al.

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

Abstract Urea electrolysis presents an eco‐friendly, cost‐effective method for hydrogen (H 2 ) production and pollution control. However, its efficiency is limited by a slow 6‐electron transfer process, necessitating advanced electrocatalysts to accelerate the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) moderate overpotential, thereby cutting energy losses. Developing efficient, affordable vital practical (UE) improving UOR kinetics. Optimizing requires creating highly active sites, enhancing electrical conductivity, manipulating electronic structures improved electron intermediate binding affinities. This review explores recent advances in catalyst design, focusing on transition metal‐based catalysts, including nanostructures, phases, defects, heterostructures, alloys, composites. It underscores importance of understanding structure‐performance relationships, surface reconstruction phenomena, mechanisms through situ characterization. Additionally, it critically assesses challenges catalysis provides insights developing high‐performance electrocatalysts. The finishes with perspectives future research directions green generation via electrolysis.

Language: Английский

Citations

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