Patient-Derived Organoid Models for NKT Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 406 - 406

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are a unique subset of that bridge innate and adaptive immunity, displaying potent anti-tumor properties through cytokine secretion, direct cytotoxicity, recruitment immune effector such as CD8+ NK cells. Despite their therapeutic potential, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by regulatory cells, myeloid-derived suppressor (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), limits iNKT cell efficacy. Patient-derived organoid (PDO) platforms provide an innovative model for dissecting these complex interactions evaluating strategies to reinvigorate functionality within TME. PDOs closely mimic genetic, phenotypic, structural characteristics primary tumors, enabling study tumor–immune dynamics. Integrating into offers robust platform investigating CD1d-mediated interactions, Th1-biased responses driven glycolipid analogs like α-GalCer, combination therapies checkpoint inhibitors. Additionally, PDO systems can assess effects metabolic modulation, including reducing lactic acid accumulation or targeting glutamine pathways, on enhancing activity. Emerging innovations, organoid-on-a-chip systems, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, multi-omics approaches, further expand potential PDO–iNKT personalized immunotherapy research. Although application in is still undeveloped, hold immense promise bridging preclinical studies clinical translation. By addressing challenges TME optimizing strategies, offer transformative avenue advancing cancer medicine.

Language: Английский

Tumor organoids in cancer medicine: from model systems to natural compound screening

Pharmaceutical Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 89 - 109

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The advent of tissue engineering and biomedical techniques has significantly advanced the development three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems, particularly tumor organoids. These self-assembled 3D clusters closely replicate histopathological, genetic, phenotypic characteristics primary tissues, making them invaluable tools in cancer research drug screening. This review addresses challenges developing vitro models that accurately reflect heterogeneity explores application organoids research, with a specific focus on screening natural products for antitumor therapies. synthesizes information from major databases, including Chemical Abstracts, Medicinal Aromatic Plants ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed Springer Link. Publications were selected without date restrictions, using terms such as 'organoid', 'natural product', 'pharmacological', 'extract', 'nanomaterial' 'traditional uses'. Articles related to agriculture, ecology, synthetic work or published languages other than English excluded. identifies key efficiency variability organoid generation discusses ongoing efforts enhance their predictive capabilities personalized medicine. Recent studies utilizing patient-derived compound are highlighted, demonstrating potential these new classes anticancer agents. integration presents promising approach discovering novel compounds elucidating mechanisms action.

Language: Английский

Unveiling the functional roles of patient‐derived tumour organoids in assessing the tumour microenvironment and immunotherapy

Clinical and Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский