Engineered ATP-Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Novel Strategy to Counteract Cell ATP Depletion in an In Vitro Model
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(7), P. 3424 - 3424
Published: April 5, 2025
The
use
of
adenosine
triphosphate
(ATP)
has
shown
promising
effects
in
alleviating
ischemic
damage
across
various
tissues.
However,
the
penetration
ATP
into
kidney
tubular
cells
presents
a
challenge
due
to
their
unique
anatomical
and
physiological
properties.
In
this
study,
we
introduce
novel
bioinspired
drug
delivery
system
utilizing
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
derived
from
mesenchymal
stromal
(MSCs)
engineered
carry
ATP.
ATP-loaded
liposomes
(ATP-LPs)
EVs
(ATP-EVs)
were
prepared
using
microfluidic
technology,
followed
by
characterization
morphology
(DLS,
NTA,
SEM,
TEM),
content,
release
rate
at
37
°C
(pH
7.4).
Additionally,
efficacy
ATP-LPs
ATP-EVs
was
evaluated
vitro
on
renal
(HK2
cells)
under
chemically
induced
ischemia.
results
indicated
successful
enrichment
EVs,
with
showing
no
significant
changes
or
size
compared
naïve
EVs.
Notably,
demonstrated
superior
retention
ATP-LPs,
protecting
degradation
environment.
an
ATP-depleted
HK2
cell
model,
only
effectively
restored
levels,
preserving
viability
reducing
apoptotic
gene
expression
(BCL2-BAX).
This
study
is
first
successfully
demonstrate
direct
as
carriers.
Language: Английский
Extracellular vesicles as the next‐generation modulators of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications and their potential as adjuvant therapeutics
Clinical and Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(8)
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Pharmacokinetics
(PK)
and
pharmacodynamics
(PD)
are
central
concepts
to
guide
the
dosage
administration
of
drug
therapies
essential
consider
for
both
healthcare
professionals
researchers
in
therapeutic
planning
discovery.
PK/PD
properties
a
significantly
influence
variability
response
treatment,
including
failure
or
excessive
medication-related
harm.
Furthermore,
suboptimal
PK
constitute
significant
barrier
further
development
some
candidate
treatments
This
article
describes
how
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
affect
different
aspects
PD
medications
their
potential
modulate
address
problematic
profiles
drugs.
We
reviewed
EVs'
intrinsic
effects
on
cell
behaviours
medication
responses.
also
described
surface
cargo
modifications
can
enhance
EV
functionalities
enable
them
as
adjuvants
optimise
profile
conventional
medications.
we
demonstrated
that
various
bioengineering
strategies
be
used
modify
EVs,
hence
enhancing
Language: Английский