Emergence of the subtropical sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii as a threat to kelp forest ecosystems in northern New Zealand DOI Creative Commons

Celia A. Balemi,

Nick T. Shears

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Marine protected areas have long been proposed as a key tool to restore lost food web interactions and increase the resilience of ecosystems climate change impacts. However, changing can result in arrival new species or differentially affect native species, which alter ecosystem dynamics make it difficult predict how will respond protection. The long-spined sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii is well-known range extender with large impacts on kelp forest ecosystems, yet its response warming long-term marine protection has not examined within range. We examine trends C. endemic Evechinus chloroticus following no-take Poor Knights Islands Reserve, northeastern Aotearoa New Zealand, from 1999-2022, compare population at an unprotected island group. Within reserve, E. decreased density, became more cryptic, barrens associated this largely disappeared, whereas fished areas, populations extent remained stable. This differing between reserve location consistent top-down effect greater abundance predatory fish reserve. In contrast, subtropical increased by 9.3 times Island Reserve 4.3 location, developing both locations. coincides substantial over monitoring period (0.25°C decade -1 ) low numbers predators (rock lobster) highlights emerging threat rocky reefs region alone may threat. suggests multifaceted management approaches are needed mitigate pest temperate reef climate.

Language: Английский

The Blue Acceleration: The Trajectory of Human Expansion into the Ocean DOI Creative Commons
Jean‐Baptiste Jouffray, Robert Blasiak, Albert V. Norström

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 43 - 54

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Does humanity's future lie in the ocean? As demand for resources continues to grow and land-based sources decline, expectations ocean as an engine of human development are increasing. Claiming marine space is not new humanity, but extent, intensity, diversity today's aspirations unprecedented. We describe this blue acceleration—a race among diverse often competing interests food, material, space. Exploring what reality means global how steer it a sustainable equitable way represents urgent challenge.

Language: Английский

Citations

524
A review of the combined effects of climate change and other local human stressors on the marine environment DOI Creative Commons
Elena Gissi, Elisabetta Manea, Antonios D. Mazaris

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 755, P. 142564 - 142564

Published: Sept. 29, 2020

Climate change (CC) is a key, global driver of marine ecosystems. At local and regional scales, other human stressors (LS) can interact with CC modify its effects on Understanding the response environment to combined LS crucial inform ecosystem-based management planning, yet our knowledge potential such interactions fragmented. scale, we explored how cumulative effect assessments (CEAs) have addressed in realm discuss progress shortcomings current approaches. For this conducted systematic review CEAs investigated at different levels biological organization ecological responses, functional aspects, HS. Globally, 52 27 CC-related been studied combination, as industrial fisheries temperature, or sea level rise artisanal fisheries, litter, sediment load introduced alien species. generally intensified species level. trophic groups ecosystem levels, either mitigated HS depending environmental conditions involved, thus suggesting that are context-dependent vary among within Our results highlight large-scale spatial interaction remain limited. More importantly, strengthen urgent need capture local-scale exacerbate climate-induced changes. Ultimately, will allow identifying measures aid counteracting relevant scales.

Language: Английский

Citations

264
Integrated ocean management for a sustainable ocean economy DOI Open Access
Jan‐Gunnar Winther, Minhan Dai, Therese Rist

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(11), P. 1451 - 1458

Published: Aug. 17, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

187
The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030: Opportunities and challenges on the path towards biodiversity recovery DOI
Virgilio Hermoso, Sílvia B. Carvalho, Sylvaine Giakoumi

et al.

Environmental Science & Policy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 127, P. 263 - 271

Published: Nov. 6, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

153
Integrating climate change in ocean planning DOI
Catarina Frazão Santos, Tundi Agardy, Francisco Andrade

et al.

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 3(7), P. 505 - 516

Published: May 4, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

145
Native biodiversity collapse in the eastern Mediterranean DOI Creative Commons
Paolo G. Albano, Jan Steger, Marija Bošnjak

et al.

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 288(1942), P. 20202469 - 20202469

Published: Jan. 6, 2021

Global warming causes the poleward shift of trailing edges marine ectotherm species distributions. In semi-enclosed Mediterranean Sea, continental masses and oceanographic barriers do not allow natural connectivity with thermophilic pools: as retreat, a net diversity loss occurs. We quantify this on Israeli shelf, among warmest areas in Mediterranean, by comparing current native molluscan richness historical one obtained from surficial death assemblages. recorded only 12% 5% historically present shallow subtidal soft hard substrates, respectively. This is largest climate-driven regional-scale oceans documented to date. By contrast, assemblages intertidal, more tolerant climatic extremes, cooler mesophotic zone show approximately 50% richness. Importantly, 60% reach reproductive size, making shelf demographic sink. predict that, climate warms, biodiversity collapse will intensify expand geographically, counteracted Indo-Pacific entering Suez Canal. These assemblages, shaped biological invasions, give rise ‘novel ecosystem’ whose restoration baselines achievable.

Language: Английский

Citations

130
Global kelp forest restoration: past lessons, present status, and future directions DOI
Aaron M. Eger, Ezequiel M. Marzinelli, Hartvig Christie

et al.

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 97(4), P. 1449 - 1475

Published: March 7, 2022

Kelp forest ecosystems and their associated ecosystem services are declining around the world. In response, marine managers working to restore counteract these declines. restoration first started in 1700s Japan since then has spread across globe. Restoration efforts, however, have been largely disconnected, with varying methodologies trialled by different actors countries. Moreover, a small subset of efforts 'afforestation', which focuses on creating new kelp habitat, as opposed restoring where it previously existed. To distil lessons learned over last 300 years restoration, we review history (including afforestation) world synthesise results 259 documented attempts spanning from 1957 2020, 16 countries, five languages, multiple user groups. Our show that projects increased frequency, employed 10 targeted 17 genera. Of projects, majority led academics (62%), conducted at sizes less than 1 ha (80%) took place time spans 2 years. We most successful when they located near existing forests. Further, disturbance events such sea-urchin grazing identified regular causes project failure. Costs for historically high, averaging hundreds thousands dollars per hectare, therefore explore avenues reduce costs suggest financial legal pathways scaling up future efforts. One key suggestion is creation living database serves platform recording showcasing and/or re-analysing data, providing updated information. work establishes groundwork provide adaptive relevant recommendations best practices today into future.

Language: Английский

Citations

111
New Technologies for Monitoring and Upscaling Marine Ecosystem Restoration in Deep-Sea Environments DOI Creative Commons
Jacopo Aguzzi, Laurenz Thomsen,

Sascha Flögel

et al.

Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34, P. 195 - 211

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

The United Nations (UN)'s call for a decade of "ecosystem restoration" was prompted by the need to address extensive impact anthropogenic activities on natural ecosystems. Marine ecosystem restoration is increasingly necessary due increasing habitat loss in deep waters (> 200 m depth). At these depths, which are far beyond those accessible divers, only established and emerging robotic platforms such as remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), autonomous underwater (AUVs), landers, crawlers can operate through manipulators their multiparametric sensor technologies (e.g., optoacoustic imaging, omics, environmental probes). use advanced deep-sea provide: ① high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging acoustic mapping substrates key taxa; ② physical manipulation ③ real-time supervision remote operations long-term ecological monitoring; ④ potential work autonomously. Here, we describe how with situ capabilities payloads innovative sensors could autonomously conduct active monitoring across large spatial scales. We expect that devices will be particularly useful habitats, reef-building cold-water corals, soft-bottom bamboo fishery resources have already been damaged offshore industries (i.e., fishing oil/gas).

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Twelve Recommendations for Advancing Marine Conservation in European and Contiguous Seas DOI Creative Commons
Stelios Katsanevakis, Marta Coll, Simonetta Fraschetti

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Oct. 22, 2020

Like most ocean regions today, the European and contiguous seas experience cumulative impacts from local human activities global pressures. They are largely in poor environmental condition with deteriorating trends. Despite several success stories, policies for marine conservation fall short of being effective. Acknowledging challenges conservation, a four-year multi-national network, MarCons, supported collaborative efforts to bridge gap between science, management policy, aiming contribute reversing present negative By consolidating large network more than 100 scientists 26 countries, conducting series workshops over four years (2016-2020), MarCons analysed challenges, opportunities obstacles advancing seas. Here, we synthesize major issues that emerged this analysis make 12 key recommendations policy makers, managers, researchers. To increase effectiveness planning, recommend (1) designing coherent networks protected areas (MPAs) framework spatial planning (MSP) applying systematic principles, including re-evaluation existing zones, (2) MPA within broader transboundary framework, (3) implementing integrated land-freshwater-sea approaches. address inadequate or poorly informed management, (4) developing adaptive plans all sites Natura 2000 revising (5) embedding effects assessments into risk process making them operational, (6) promoting actions reach 'good status' waters. account change further (7) strategies change, (8) incorporating biological invasions prioritizing control invasive species. Finally, improve current practices may compromise actions, (9) reinforcing collection high-quality open-access data, (10) improving mechanisms public participation (11) goals full collaboration stakeholders, (12) addressing gender inequality sciences conservation.

Language: Английский

Citations

82
Past and Future Grand Challenges in Marine Ecosystem Ecology DOI Creative Commons
Ángel Borja, Jesper H. Andersen, Christos Arvanitidis

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: June 3, 2020

SPECIALTY GRAND CHALLENGE article Front. Mar. Sci., 03 June 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00362

Citations

71