Temporal dynamics and global flows of insect invasions in an era of globalization

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Human-mediated transport has led to the establishment of more than 6,700 non-native insect species with wide-ranging effects on ecosystems, economies and human health. Understanding how different aspects globalization affect spread insects is crucial reducing their effects. In this Review, we explore current historical patterns, drivers dynamics global invasions facilitated by humans since prehistory. Multiple history have influenced invasion dynamics, including agricultural practices in Neolithic period, advent early empires trade routes, colonization, geopolitical events, wars economic crises. Technological innovations such as steam ships, containerization internet further accelerated invasions. Spatial patterns are characterized frequent secondary via bridgehead populations, asymmetric intercontinental flows originating disproportionally from Europe, biotic homogenization communities. Insect predicted increase dramatically will shift, especially opening routes introduction pathways. Inspection at ports entry detection systems inform mitigation efforts. Future interdisciplinary collaborations integrate knowledge diverse emerging data sources technologies, advancing our understanding biology. Global increasing, driven advances technology. This Review discusses increasing worldwide, strategies for future

Language: Английский

---

Chaetophiloscia sicula Verhoeff, 1908 (Isopoda, Oniscidea), an invasive isopod currently spreading in North America

ZooKeys, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1225, P. 65 - 75

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Chaetophiloscia sicula Verhoeff, 1908 (Philosciidae) is a small terrestrial isopod of Mediterranean origin which was first reported in North America 2000 an urban forest Baltimore, Maryland, and it thought to be recent introduction, with restricted range. Here we report the current state knowledge C. distribution America. Since original observation, species has been by citizen scientists from eight additional states. Standardized field surveys Maryland Washington D.C. revealed strong habitat preference towards anthropogenic coastal areas. The affinity environments, including residential areas parks, reinforced citizen-science data most likely key its fast spread throughout Keeping isopods as pets trading them among hobbyists may also play role especially establishing core populations centers. expand USA coming decade. This study highlights that thorough, systematic surveys, using variety collecting techniques, are essential address existing gaps on elsewhere.

Language: Английский

---

Border biosecurity interceptions for air passengers – assessing intervention methods and analytic tools

NeoBiota, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 97, P. 161 - 178

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

At-border interventions are a critical step along the biosecurity continuum, to measure and control risks associated with cross-border movement of people goods. Air passengers high-volume pathway for range risk materials, against which various may be used (e.g., manual searches, detector dogs, x-rays, etc.). Tasmania is an island state, its environment industries have benefited from low level invasive pests due their geographic isolation. Therefore, relatively strict at-border prevent entry new pests, including some serious already present on mainland Australia Queensland ( Bactrocera tryoni ) Mediterranean Ceratitis capitata fruit fly). Using large interception database domestic air entering southern Australian state Australia, this study applies common statistical modelling tools assess efficacy (namely, dog detectors, bag searches), identify factors flight origin/route). This analysis considered effects both voluntary declarations by also detections undeclared material passengers. The focused items generally fruits vegetables, meat products, cut flowers), that specifically fruit-fly hosts. results highlight active presence inspectors capture significant volume at border, dogs particularly strong positive rate interceptions, detected Conducting searches appears increase increasing being encouraging declarations. Sensitivity analyses then test robustness implementation methods distributional assumptions. demonstrates how can provide robust insights into pathways, further highlights value high-quality data resources informing improving systems.

Language: Английский

---

Tracking Biosecurity Through the Diversity and Network Structure of International Trade

Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 213 - 213

Published: March 14, 2025

Effective and evidence-based biosecurity measures are essential to prevent trade disruption, protect industries contain the chains of biological invasions. There increasing demands for analysts use quantitative data monitor this system, with goals early detection forecasting. However, standard approaches often struggle incomplete complex nature data, which tends include non-normality, temporal spatial autocorrelation, limited observations. In study, a time series open access import spanning three years was used generate diversity indices network topology, alongside detailed analyses pathways interception records harmful organisms, revealing their dynamic patterns across different routes. Patterns annual seasonality were evident board. A combination Inverse Simpson’s Linkage density optimised monitoring power interceptions taxa. Traditional correlations total number remained intractable, but machine learning tools demonstrated predictive forecast these patterns. Combined, methods provide novel approach in plant animal international borders. These indicators complement more conventional economic metrics, giving actionable insights into complexity status.

Language: Английский

---

The influence of biosecurity on the diversity and management of a 120-year old joint insect-fungus pest invasion

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

Abstract The woodwasp, Sirex noctilio , and its mutualistic fungal symbiont, Amylostereum areolatum are native to Eurasia northern Africa. was first reported outside range in New Zealand 1900, Tasmania 1952 mainland Australia 1961. In this study, we consider the invasion history of these organisms across Australasia through population genetic analysis using mitochondrial sequence data microsatellite markers compared them with a previously published dataset from global collections. study included contemporary (n=461) historical (n=41) samples S. dating back (n=176) range. No structure found Australian populations or symbiont A. reflecting both natural (within countries) human-assisted (between spread symbionts. countries had lower diversity than other sampled globally. clustered separately all were highly clonal. While results suggested multiple early introductions two countries, it also reflected an efficient recent quarantine system that isolated reduced their complexity parts world. findings have relevance application biological control for pest complex.

Language: Английский

---