Prairie restoration promotes the abundance and diversity of mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(5)

Published: May 13, 2024

Abstract Predicting how biological communities assemble in restored ecosystems can assist conservation efforts, but most research has focused on plants, with relatively little attention paid to soil microbial organisms that plants interact with. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are an ecologically significant functional group of microbes form mutualistic symbioses and could therefore respond positively plant community restoration. To evaluate the effects restoration AM fungi, we compared fungal abundance, species richness, composition five annually cultivated, conventionally managed agricultural fields paired adjacent retired had undergone prairie 5–9 years prior sampling. We hypothesized stimulates abundance particularly for disturbance‐sensitive taxa, gains new taxa would not displace present due legacy effects. was quantified by measuring spore density root colonization. richness were determined soils roots using DNA high‐throughput sequencing. Soil 2.3 times higher prairies fields, colonization did differ between land use types. 2.7 1.4 versus roots, respectively. The Glomeraceae, a disturbance‐tolerant family, decreased 25% from roots. Claroideoglomeraceae Diversisporaceae, both families, 4.6 3.2 soils, Species turnover than expected relative null model, indicating gained replacement. Our findings demonstrate promote rapid increase diversity been degraded decades intensive use, compositional change be predicted disturbance tolerance taxonomic groups.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the suitability of reference sites to gauge the success of ecological restoration on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal abundance and community composition

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2025

Most ecological restorations aim to return degraded ecosystems pre‐disturbance conditions, but community composition in restored often differs from sites representative of a historical state and can more closely resemble semi‐natural or moderately disturbed ecosystems. We examined the effect prairie restoration on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, an ecologically important group soil microbes that form nutrient‐exchange mutualisms with most plant species. determined AM fungal using DNA amplicon sequencing 18S rRNA gene recently prairies (8–10 years) retired agricultural lands compared these communities those three types reference sites: remnant represent historic state, managed history land use lack nutrient pollution fertilizers, farm‐side meadows at margins cultivated fields. In samples, species richness phylogenetic diversity were 1.6× higher dissimilar because dominated by one family, Glomeraceae. was 1.3× than differed abundance multiple families. By contrast, did not differ between prairies. These results suggest recent fields cause older histories use, rather meadows.

Language: Английский

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Companion interference and symbiotic matching phenomenon occurred in saline-alkali habitats

Environmental and Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 226, P. 105940 - 105940

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Complex responses of soil prokaryotes, fungi and protists to prairie restoration on retired agricultural lands

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 12, 2024

Abstract Restoring native ecosystems on marginal croplands has many benefits but the impacts belowground biodiversity are less clear, in part because limiting factors regulating soil biota complex and poorly described. Here, we studied how grassland prairie restoration of affected diversity composition microbiota 5 conventional farms from Ontario, Canada. Soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected annually cultivated fields adjacent planted perennial where cultivation chemical inputs had ceased several years previously. Following DNA extraction, estimated bacterial fungal abundance using quantitative PCR, microbial prokaryotes, fungi protists amplicon high-throughput sequencing. Under both land uses, prokaryotic communities dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria Acidobacteria, Ascomycota, protist Rhizaria (TSAR), Evosea (Amoebozoa) Chlorophyta (Archaeplastida). Prairie did not have a consistent effect abundance, richness or evenness, which responses varied across farms. Microbial genetic taxonomic community ( i.e. , sequence variant genus level) use, farm interaction between these two factors. Generally, soils higher relative Latescibacterota, Desulfobacterota, Acidobacteriota Glomeromycota, lower Deinococcota, Chytridiomycota Amoebozoa_X. In terms differentially abundant genera, prairies promoted more plant symbionts, saprotrophs no pathogens. Interkingdom networks revealed changes potential microbe-microbe associations with restoration, only 8 common uses. The relationship physicochemical properties groups, metrics Our results evidence complexity associated restoring agricultural to natural ecosystems, unspecified farm-specific e.g. type, species, management history) strongly modulating response different groups variables.

Language: Английский

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The effect of ecological restoration on mutualistic services provided by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi depends on site location and host identity

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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