Orchard systems offer low-hanging fruit for low-carbon, biodiversity-friendly farming

BioScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Abstract As core constituents of healthy diets, fruits are often cultivated in temporally stable and structurally complex ecosystems that harbor high levels biodiversity. However, high-intensity orchard management can lessen the human environmental health benefits fruticulture. In present article, we argue increased emphasis on biological control could contribute to preventative fruit pests, weeds, diseases, resulting pesticide phasedown. Carefully calibrated increase provision ecosystem services by above- belowground biota, improve soil health, store atmospheric carbon. When tactically integrated with agroecological measures, behavior-modifying chemicals, or digital tools, helps conserve pollinator fauna, protect vertebrate communities, vegetation restoration outcomes. Its implementation can, however, give rise scientific social challenges will need be explored. By resolving adoption hurdles for at scale, society enjoy myriad nature-friendly production.

Language: Английский

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Effects of heavy metals and metalloids on plant-animal interaction and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems—an overview

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 197(1)

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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The impact of pollination requirements, pollinators, landscape and management practices on pollination in sweet and sour cherry: A systematic review

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 374, P. 109163 - 109163

Published: July 20, 2024

Insect-mediated pollination is crucial for global production of multiple pollinator-dependent crops, including high-value crops like sweet and sour cherry. In the face increasing agricultural demand continued pollinator decline, it essential to identify targeted management strategies safeguard services. Hence, we performed a systematic review on how cherry influenced by intrinsic environmental requirements, flower-visiting insect communities, surrounding landscape on-farm practices. We found that most research was conducted in compared cherry, originated from North America Europe, disregarding key areas. Cherry cultivars can be either self-compatible or self-incompatible, but consistently benefits fruit set. Temperature has strong effect success mediating pollen germination, tube growth ovule longevity. adequate set both whereas limitation detected sweet, not A great diversity insects visits blossoms, with 185 species recorded, which 142 were bees 36 flies. With mean relative abundance 57 % across studies, honeybees dominant flower visitor. Little known about performance different taxa, only one study comparing bees' single-visit efficiency, suggesting mason mining are more efficient pollinators bumblebees. This could explain why observational studies detect positive relationship between wild visitation set, honeybee visitation. Studies managed focused bees, while bumblebee neglected. sum, conclude shortages improved promotion pollinators, both, depending context requirements cultivars. Wild bee enhanced through conserving semi-natural habitats around orchards. Enhancing floral resources as an measurement mixed results other practices such polytunnels pesticide effects understudied. Development guidelines farmers enhance services orchards should take into account aspects, spanning horticulture agronomy (e.g., best manage strips) applied entomology ecology adding perspective optimize management).

Language: Английский

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Agricultural intensification at local and landscape scales impacts sweet cherry production through altered pollination services

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 386, P. 109586 - 109586

Published: March 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Contribution of pollinators to delivering fruit quality in commercial sweet cherry orchards

JSFA reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 15, 2025

Abstract Background Pollinators provide an essential ecosystem service to many crops, including sweet cherry ( Prunus avium ), which can be quantified in terms of fruit number and/or quality. Most studies have explored the extent set relies on pollinators but neglected pollinators' contribution We investigated impact (2018–2019) and quality (2017–2019). In 10 commercial orchards under polytunnels, we conducted insect‐exclusion experiments comparing insect‐excluded blossoms (mesh‐bagged blossoms) exposed floral visitors (open blossoms). then relationships between Results were key underpinning (15.4% from open compared 1.1% with bagged blossoms), equivalent a 92.8%. also achieving higher With blossoms, fresh mass, width, dry matter, flesh/pit ratio cherries increased by 19.8%, 7.9%, 10.5%, respectively, blossoms. contrast, firmness was similar both pollination treatments. did not find significant relationship quality, suggesting trees carry excessive burden. Conclusion Our results highlight importance pollinators, only for yields set, recommend growers adopt effective pollinator management practices help underpin commercially viable consisting marketable potential.

Language: Английский

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New insights on massively introduced managed species and their consequences for plant–pollinator interactions

Advances in ecological research/Advances in Ecological Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 63 - 89

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Phytocoenotic assessment of herbaceous plant communities in the organic sweet cherry orchard

Scientific Horizons, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(5), P. 32 - 50

Published: April 3, 2024

Biodiversity loss is one on global environmental issues facing humanity. Intensive use of natural resources has led to degradation landscapes and reduction the species diversity plant communities. Therefore, finding solutions overcome these challenges an urgent issue. The purpose study was investigate dynamics floral composition coenotic structure herbaceous communities in organic cherry orchard for sustainable functioning agricultural landscape. grasses vegetation cover studied during 2013-2020 arid conditions Southern Steppe Ukraine low-humus sandy loam soils. Morphological, ecological, geographical methods were used flora garden. estimated using conbentional geobotanic description methods. results grass sweet are presented. Grassing garden with enrichment useful that important components systems can perform ecological services. Colonisation by invasive quarantine not observed due processes demutation succession moderate four-fold mowing plants growing season (to a height 15- 20 cm). As part herbal 8th year research, all useful, had medicinal properties, served as food base. resource biomass biodiversity. Phytocoenotic analysis will allow substantiating proposing principles predicting development optimise their structure, improve quality, maintain biodiversity

Language: Английский

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Bee-diverse habitats positively affect seed set in wild plant species

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Introduction Interactions between flowering plants and visiting wild bees are crucial for ensuring pollination subsequent plant reproductive success. However, bee diversity in an area has rarely been recorded relation to seed set native plants. In this project, we investigated the effect of local communities on four common species. Methods Potted Centaurea jacea , Cichorium intybus Sinapi s arvensis Salvia pratensis were placed experiments, two distinct habitat types that expected show communities, namely near-natural grassland perennial flower strips, Germany. Results Our results showed had a higher species richness increased compared with strips displayed abundance most study locations. Although found effects set, did not detect significant abundance. Furthermore, response differed across Discussion We conclude bee-friendly habitats ensure high plants, but impact varies different

Language: Английский

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Osmia lignaria (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) increase pollination of Washington sweet cherry and pear crops

Environmental Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(4), P. 698 - 705

Published: July 4, 2024

Apis mellifera Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apis), honey bees, are the most widely used managed crop pollinators. However, their high rental cost and uncertain availability for North American orchard crops have motivated growers to explore alternative pollination options. We examined whether adding solitary, spring-flying Osmia lignaria Say Megachilidae), blue as co-pollinators with A. in Washington sweet cherry pear orchards enhances fruit set yield compared use of alone. added O. sites where hives were already present. Fruit set, yield, reproduction at lignaria-supplemented nearby, paired pollinated only by (3 3 sites). For both crops, addition significantly increased but did not harvest. Microscopic inspection pollen grains from nest cell provisions confirmed that primarily visited flowers. Mean retention was slightly higher (65%) than reported other (30%-60%). much lower (≤20%). These results show supplementing spring can increase overall pollination, trees fail bear developing maturity. The strategy using co-pollinators, mellifera, US may act "pollination insurance" when low supply or weather is amenable flight during bloom period.

Language: Английский

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Spatio‐temporal shifts in British wild bees in response to changing climate

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Abstract Climate plays a major role in determining where species occur, and when they are active throughout the year. In face of changing climate, many shifting their ranges poleward. Many also emergence phenology. Wild bees Great Britain susceptible to changes climatic conditions but little is known about historic or potential future spatio‐temporal trends species. This study utilized sliding window approach assess impacts climate on bee dates, estimating best temperature for predicting dates 88 wild bees. Using ‘middle‐of‐the‐road’ (RCP 4.5) ‘worst‐case’ 8.5) scenario period 2070–2079, predictions were made. general, occurred 0–3 months preceding emergence. Across 40 that showed shift response window, mean advance was 13.4 days under RCP 4.5 24.9 8.5. Species distribution models (SDMs) used predict suitable envelopes (1980–1989), current (2010–2019) (2070–2079 8.5 scenarios) conditions. These envelope 92% studied has increased since 1980s, 97% 93% respectively, this predicted continue, due extension northern range boundary. While any will be moderated by habitat availability, it highlights likely experience northward shifts populations future. By combining spatial temporal trends, work provides an important step towards informing conservation measures climates, directing how interventions can provided right place at time.

Language: Английский

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