Wolbachia infection facilitates adaptive increase in male egg size in response to environmental changes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 16, 2025

Abstract Under challenging conditions such as maladapted biotic and abiotic conditions, females can plastically adjust their egg size (gamete or zygote size) to counteract fitness declines early in life. Recent evidence suggests that endosymbionts may enhance this egg-size plasticity. Possible endosymbionts’ modification of impact multiple stressors is not well explored. Therefore, study aims test (1) whether Wolbachia infection influences the plasticity parental investment under suboptimal environmental (2) depends on sex eggs. We used three lines azuki bean beetle ( Callosobruchus chinensis ): a line coinfected with wBruCon wBruOri strains, cured infected solely wBruCon, an uninfected (cured) line. These were subjected either control environment simulated climate change (elevated temperature carbon dioxide levels, eT&CO 2 ) examine effects offspring (egg its subsequent fitness, including survival, development, adult lifespan starvation. After two days exposure, parents increased male only. Larger eggs developed faster both sexes exhibited higher survival. However, was influenced by but environment, sex, infection, development time: reduced female lifespan, singly-infected lived longer than females, shorter time linked lifespan. The negative correlation between sex-specific. This first demonstrate sex-specific associated species determination systems other haplodiploid.

Language: Английский

Decoding Peroxidase Gene Function in Heat Stress Adaptation of Tetranychus urticae: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms of Short-Term Thermal Tolerance

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 562 - 562

Published: May 8, 2025

Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a widely distributed agricultural pest, and it possesses an exceptional capacity to withstand or adapt short-term heat stress. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this tolerance, using both transcriptome whole-genome data, we identified six distinct POD genes in T. characterized their physicochemical properties structural features. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was utilized analyze expression profiles of these under Our results show that mitigates heat-induced oxidative stress through upregulation gene expression, highlighting critical role mite’s adaptive response thermal These findings contribute deeper understanding pathways enable survive fluctuating environments, which increasingly relevant context global climate change. Furthermore, study provides foundation for future research utilizing RNA interference (RNAi) technology further functional roles potential as targets pest control strategies.

Language: Английский

Glutathione S-Transferase Genes Involved in Response to Short-Term Heat Stress in Tetranychus urticae (Koch)

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 442 - 442

Published: April 8, 2024

Tetranychus urticae, a globally ubiquitous mite, poses significant threat to agriculture. Elevated temperatures exacerbate the growth, development, and reproduction of T. leading substantial crop damage. In this study, we employed comparative transcriptomic approaches with whole-genome information urticae identify six Glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTs) implicated in heat stress response. Through comprehensive bioinformatics analyses, elucidated tertiary structure active sites corresponding proteins, providing thorough characterization these GST genes. Furthermore, investigated expression patterns under short-term shock conditions. Our findings unveiled involvement combating oxidative induced by heat, underscoring their role antioxidant defense mechanisms. This study contributes valuable insights into molecular mechanisms underlying response stress, laying foundation for development strategies aimed at mitigating its impact high-temperature environments.

Language: Английский