Empirical links between natural mortality and recovery in marine fishes

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 284(1856), P. 20170693 - 20170693

Published: June 14, 2017

Probability of species recovery is thought to be correlated with specific aspects organismal life history, such as age at maturity and longevity, how these affect rates natural mortality (M) maximum per capita population growth (rmax). Despite strong theoretical underpinnings, correlates have been based on predicted rather than realized trajectories following threat mitigation. Here, we examine the level empirical support for postulated links between a suite life-history traits (related maturity, age, size growth) in marine fishes. Following mitigation (medium time since cessation overfishing = 20 years), 71% 55 temperate populations had fully recovered, remainder exhibiting, average, negligible change (impaired recovery). Singly, did not influence status. In combination, however, those that jointly reflect length-based Mα , revealed recovered higher which hypothesize local adaptations associated greater rmax But, within populations, smaller sizes generated by are increase slowing increasing its uncertainty. We conclude potential adapted high M but temporal increases concomitant will opposite effect. The metric documented here (Mα ) has sound basis, significantly direct estimates directly rmax, reliant data-intensive series, can readily estimated, offers an empirically defensible correlate recovery, given clear positive impaired responses observed fish over past three decades.

Language: Английский

---

Ecological and evolutionary consequences of alternative sex-change pathways in fish

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Aug. 16, 2017

Sequentially hermaphroditic fish change sex from male to female (protandry) or vice versa (protogyny), increasing their fitness by becoming highly fecund females large dominant males, respectively. These life-history strategies present different social organizations and reproductive modes, near-random mating in protandry, aggregate- harem-spawning protogyny. Using a combination of theoretical molecular approaches, we compared variance success (V k*) effective population sizes (N e) several species sex-changing fish. We observed that, regardless the direction change, individuals conform same overall strategy, producing more offspring exhibiting greater V k* second sex. However, protogynous show k*, especially pronounced haremic species, resulting an reduction N e protandrous species. Collectively independently, our results demonstrate that is pivotal variable predicting demographic changes resilience fish, many which sustain valued vulnerable fisheries worldwide.

Language: Английский

---

A Primer of Life Histories

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 15, 2021

Abstract Life histories describe how genotypes schedule their reproductive effort throughout life in response to factors that affect survival and fecundity. are solutions selection has produced solve the problem of persist a given environment. These differ tremendously within among species. Some organisms mature months attaining life, others decades; some produce few, large offspring as opposed numerous, small offspring; reproduce many times lives while die after reproducing just once. The exponential pace life-history research provides an opportune time engage re-engage new generations students researchers on fundamentals applications theory. Chapters 1 through 4 5 8 focus evolution traits. 9 10 summarize theory prediction been applied contexts conservation sustainable exploitation. This primer offers effective means rendering topic accessible readers from broad range academic experience expertise.

Language: Английский

---

Rules of Plant Species Ranges: Applications for Conservation Strategies

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Earth is changing rapidly and so are many plant species’ ranges. Here, we synthesize eco-evolutionary patterns found in range studies how knowledge of species ranges can inform our understanding conservation the face global change. We discuss whether general biogeographic “rules” reliable they be used to develop adaptive strategies native across their Rules considered include (1) factors that set limits promote shifts; (2) impact biotic interactions on limits; (3) abundance properties ranges; (4) gene flow implications for genetic rescue, (5) relationship between size risk. conclude by summarizing evaluating potential rules future management decisions. also outline areas research better understand capacity plants under environmental change govern advise conservationists extend work specifically consider peripheral novel populations, with a particular emphasis small Finally, call effort identify, synthesize, analyze prevailing or ecology help speed efforts.

Language: Английский

---

Assessing sea floor functional biodiversity and vulnerability

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 708, P. 21 - 43

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

The marine benthos has been largely studied through the use of response traits that characterise species vulnerability to disturbance. More limited specific effect represent other descriptors and express ecosystem functions. On sea floor, is a key ecosystem-engineering component for which functions can be relevantly derived from traits. This study provides typology floor based on an extensive data compilation We classified 812 benthic invertebrate northeast Atlantic by 15 expressing substratum alteration habitat creation. Cluster analysis identified groups represented various epi- or endobenthic Beyond function-habitat specificity, we show soft sediment exhibited broader functional niches in trait space increase multi-functionality, were endowed with rare combinations expanded extent assemblage. As consequence, sediments host higher diversity than hard substrata because wider range above- below-substratum activities are possible bottoms. Based documented same used natural human-induced disturbance, then within considerably variable. consequence independence between evolutionary nature contingent engineering abilities paper theoretical utilitarian clarifications this dichotomy.

Language: Английский

---