Diversity and Functional Relevance of Canopy Arthropods in Central Europe

Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 660 - 660

Published: Aug. 16, 2022

Although much is known about the ecology and functional importance of canopy arthropods in temperate forests, few studies have tried to assess overall diversity investigate composition dynamics tree-specific communities. This has impeded a deeper understanding functioning how maintain system services. Here, we present first comprehensive data whole arthropod communities, collected by insecticidal knockdown (fogging) from 1159 trees 18 study areas Central Europe during last 25 years. The includes 3,253,591 32 taxa (order, suborder, family) on 24 tree species genera. Fogging collects free-living, ectophytic approximately same number as they occur trees. To our knowledge, these are most available today taxonomic arboreal fauna. Assigning all their feeding guild provided proxy importance. showed that communities were regularly structured, with clear dominance hierarchy comprised eight ‘major taxa’ represented 87% arthropods. Despite significant differences proportions deciduous coniferous trees, guilds was very similar. individual genera, other hand, composition, especially when different years compared, whereas traits, such height, girth breast height or leaf cover, explained little variance. On ordinal level, also differed significantly between managed primary simultaneous low within-group variability, indicating management key factor determining distribution biodiversity composition.

Language: Английский

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Monitoring insect biodiversity and comparison of sampling strategies using metabarcoding: A case study in the Yanshan Mountains, China

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

Insects are the richest and most diverse group of animals yet there remains a lack, not only systematic research into their distribution across some key regions planet, but standardized sampling strategies for study. The Yanshan Mountains, being boundary range between Inner Mongolian Plateau North China Plain, present an indispensable piece insect biodiversity puzzle: both requiring study offering opportunities development methodologies. This is first use DNA metabarcoding to survey Mountains. focuses on differences community composition among samples collected via different methods from habitat types. In total, 74 bulk were five types (scrubland, woodland, wetland, farmland grassland) using three collection (sweep netting, Malaise traps light traps). After extraction, PCR amplification, sequencing diversity analysis performed, total 7427 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) at ≥97% sequence similarity level delimited, which 7083 OTUs identified as belonging Insecta. Orthoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera Hemiptera found be dominant orders according analysis. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) based Bray-Curtis distances revealed highly divergent estimates differentiated by method (

Language: Английский

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Synopeas maximum Awad & Talamas (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae): a new species of parasitoid associated with soybean gall midge, Resseliella maxima Gagné (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae)

Journal of Hymenoptera Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96, P. 181 - 205

Published: May 2, 2023

Synopeas maximum Awad & Talamas, sp. nov. , the first reported parasitoid associated with soybean gall midge, Resseliella maxima Gagné, is described based on morphological and molecular data. Parasitoids were reared from stems infested by R. in Minnesota. A phylogenetic reconstruction of genus Förster was performed COI sequences (n=2412) available Barcode Life Data System (BOLD). Phylogenetic barcode gap analyses suggest 279 species this dataset, S. forming a monophyletic clade that distinct relatives. The close to specimens Canada United States, suggesting it native North America. We present taxonomic treatment facilitate its identification, including comparison morphologically similar species. This project provides baseline data for further ecological study parasitism, management soybean.

Language: Английский

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Effects of trunk injection with emamectin benzoate on arthropod diversity

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79(3), P. 935 - 946

Published: Oct. 30, 2022

Abstract BACKGROUND Pine wood nematode is a major plant quarantine object in the world. Trunk injection an effective method for controlling pests that cause disease. To evaluate ecological safety of trunk with emamectin benzoates forests Pinus massoniana , community diversity and composition soil arthropods flying insects (Hymenoptera) were studied at different stages injection. RESULTS The dominant taxonomic groups Collembola (30.80%), Insecta (26.42%), Arachnida (23.84%). Ichneumonidae (48.94%), Formicidae (14.10%), Braconidae (8.44%). benzoate has no significant effect on indices total (Hymenoptera). However, it detritivores arthropods. It changed but did not impact Redundancy analysis arthropod structure environmental variables showed potassium, residual green leaf, litter leaf have arthropods, phosphorus, nitrogen, water content, organic matter, potassium CONCLUSION safe environment. This study provides new insight into field prevention control pine disease, which great significance to forest management pest control. © 2022 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Exceptional Species Diversity of Drosophilidae (Diptera) in a Neotropical Forest

American Museum Novitates, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023(3997)

Published: May 9, 2023

The highest single-site species diversity known thus far in the world for Drosophilidae is Costa Rica, based on findings this report. A total of 352 (Diptera) were found a cloud forest (1580 m) Zurquí de Moravia, San José Province (hereafter “Zurquí”), 2908 specimens collected continuously one year, using eight trapping and collecting methods. There are currently 305 described from Rica. at edge large, protected area was site an All-Diptera inventory project. For study, drosophilid identified to genus/subgenus, sorted morphospecies, their abundances plotted by collection method: Malaise traps, flight intercept baited light yellow pan emergence hand with nets. standard method used drosophilists, bait trapping, captured small fraction species. traps 87% all species, 41% only way. Emergence surprising (47 species) Diathoneura Drosophila, establishing that leaf litter/humus important breeding some taxa. Combining methods, 11 abundant, as defined 50 or more specimens, comprised 35% study; two-thirds (66%) rare, five fewer specimens. Comparisons made other well-collected sites regions around world. Lowland mid-montane forests eastern slopes Andes may be most diverse Drosophilidae, family exemplary studying ecology evolution tropical diversity.

Language: Английский

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Using DNA metabarcoding to assess insect diversity in citrus orchards

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e15338 - e15338

Published: May 5, 2023

Background DNA metabarcoding is rapidly emerging as a cost-effective approach for large-scale biodiversity assessment and pest monitoring. The current study employed to assess insect diversity in citrus orchards Ganzhou City, Jiangxi, China both 2018 2019. Insects were sampled using Malaise traps deployed three producing total of 43 pooled monthly samples. Methods trap samples sequenced following workflow. Generated sequences curated analyzed two cloud databases analytical platforms, the barcode life data system (BOLD) multiplex research visualization environment (mBRAVE). Results These platforms assigned 2,141 index numbers (BINs), species proxy. Most (63%) BINs shared among sampling sites while BIN sharing between any did not exceed 71%. Shannon ( H′ ) showed similar pattern assortment at sites. Beta analysis by Jaccard similarity coefficient J Bray-Curtis distance matrix BC revealed high level = 0.67–0.68; 0.19–0.20). Comparison records against all those on BOLD made it possible identify 40% species, 57% genus, 97% family 99% an order. which received match placed one four categories based this assignment: pest, parasitoid, predator, or pollinator. As provides first baseline Chinese plantations, valuable resource broad range areas such management monitoring beneficial insects gardens.

Language: Английский

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Contrasting results of multiple species delimitation approaches cause uncertainty in synecological studies: A case study on Sri Lankan chafers

Insect Conservation and Diversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 870 - 885

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Abstract Biodiversity patterns are the sum of multiple overlapping species distributions. Their analysis therefore requires proper inference. DNA‐based delimitation has become increasingly popular for such assessments, but their robustness is often problematic due to incongruence between approaches. Here, we explored how contrasting results different species’ delimitations translate into conclusions synecological studies, exemplified by assemblages phytophagous scarab beetles in Sri Lanka from elevations and forest types. Particularly, compared estimates based on complete cumulated inventories inferred individually analysed subclades. The assemblage similarity were across spatial scales with reference morphospecies, molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) haplotypes. Method‐related ambiguity estimates, which also included subclade inferences, severely affected certainty apparent biodiversity at most scales. Even more resulted individual clade‐wise analyses faunal or even analysis. In this case study tropical chafer beetles, haplotypes provided only very little explanatory information, since genetically highly diverse populations widely lacked shared Therefore, searching boundaries should be ultimate goal assessments lend an enduring meaning research its sustainable application. Our underlines need awareness when observations studies integrated, use methods assessment, potential impact conservation management.

Language: Английский

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Identifying insect and arachnid indicator taxa for impacts and management in coastal landscapes

Journal of Insect Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(4), P. 633 - 649

Published: April 13, 2024

Abstract Insects and arachnids are abundant diverse, respond to key human impacts support a diversity of ecological functions. They therefore widely recognised as effective surrogates for ecosystem condition. Their efficacy indicators in coastal dunes has, however, rarely been quantified, but might be instructive guiding management these often highly impacted ecosystems. In this study, we (1) tested the effects spatial habitat drivers on abundance insect arachnid groups, (2) used patterns identify viable actions. We surveyed insect, plant assemblages at 20 sites Sunshine Coast central eastern Australia. have identified condition impact, taxa that could measure restoration outcomes. Crucially, five indicator groups also met criteria being umbrella species, actions increase their would confer benefits most other taxonomic groups. seven (five two arachnid), each were affected by multiple metrics, with metrics quantifying composition structure vegetation communities important predictors indicator’s distributions. Implications conservation: highlight importance understanding subtleties unique set environmental conditions group requires when identifying suitable use conservation dunes.

Language: Английский

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A Pilot Study on the Isotopic Characterization of Feeding Habits of Diptera in a Tropical Rain Forest

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Flies (Diptera) are among the most diverse groups of insects and known to utilize various food resources, including plants, detritus, microbial tissues, fresh dead animal tissues. However, their feeding habits in field remain poorly understood. We conducted a pilot study apply stable nitrogen (N) carbon (C) isotope techniques examine flies tropical rain forest Sarawak, Malaysia. The fly samples comprised 13 families more than 18 species. results showed significant differences ratios (d15N d13C) species within family. observed pattern is largely consistent with habits; that use carcasses carrion as diets (e.g., Sarcophagidae Calliphoridae) have significantly higher d15N values those likely utilizing plant-based Cecidomyiidae). There were six Calliphoridae, which partly insect succession on carcasses. d15Nmay be explained by at different stages decomposition, because decomposition can lead 15N enrichment. Tachinid had relatively low d13C values, reflecting lepidopterans parasitoids. This shows would provide insights into diversity communities, could also serve an indicator resource availability entire ecosystem.

Language: Английский

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Morphology and DNA barcodes of four species of Bradysia hilaris group from China (Diptera, Sciaridae)

Zootaxa, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5493(2), P. 129 - 140

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Four morphologically allied species of the Bradysia hilaris group were studied from China. In a DNA metabarcoding based dipteran diversity study in Zhejiang, eastern China, hyper-abundant sciarid was discovered. It further recognized this to be new science, tianmuensis Du & Huang sp. nov., as well similar species, curvula nov. Both found fairly holotype noduspina Yang, Zhang 1993 Guizhou western However, paratype B. appeared different and determined chikunae A phylogenetic tree all available 31 COI sequences provided. Molecular work conducted current also supports science thus four described or redescribed accompanied by detailed imagery habitus other characters useful for determination.

Language: Английский

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