Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Source-Dispersion Modeling Towards Sloth Bear–Human Conflict Management in Central India DOI Creative Commons
Sankarshan Chaudhuri, Meghna Bandyopadhyay,

Rajasekar Rajaraman

et al.

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: June 17, 2022

The impact of humans on biodiversity, in the form spatially extensive occurrence and subsequent habitat degradation, leads to negative interactions between native wildlife. However, knowledge spatial temporal interface wildlife is necessary understand root cause such interactions, yet considerably understudied context human-dominated landscapes south south-eastern Asia. We took this opportunity, gaining insights seasonal interaction spatio-temporal overlap sloth bears ( Melursus ursinus ) humans, subsequently predicted conflict source sites dispersion (i.e., hotspots) based robust geographic profiling (GP) method Sanjay Tiger Reserve (STR), a landscape central India. Detection data bear human were obtained from camera trap survey conducted for two years (2017–2018) records incidents (2009–2019) collected forest department. found that can co-occur with independently seasons, occupancy models. during summer, higher (Δ 4 = 0.46) lower (0.31) observed humans. Contrastingly, 0.29) (0.44) same winter. activity patterns differed significantly across seasons within species different seasons. Our findings indicated significant changes activity, especially increased likelihood bear-human incidents. mapping (with high accuracy) also greater probability compared winter, thus showed successful application GP models field. Also, alone able predict hotspots, demonstrating use prediction source-dispersion conflict. This study would be useful decision-makers alleviate bear–human variation direct conservation efforts accordingly.

Language: Английский

Factors affecting the occupancy of sloth bear and its detection probability in Parsa–Koshi Complex, Nepal DOI Creative Commons
Hari Prasad Sharma, Hem Bahadur Katuwal, Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Abstract Understanding factors associated with coexistence of human and wildlife in human‐dominated landscapes is crucial for effective species conservation. Among the species, sloth bears Melursus ursinus are found both inside outside protected areas Nepal, increasing cases bear conflicts areas. This highlights necessity a comprehensive understanding anthropogenic ecological that affect occurrence bear. The these important its conservation through establishing management action plan. We studied bear's occupancy their environments other large predators Parsa–Koshi Complex Nepal using camera traps from December 2022 to March 2023. identified detection probability as 0.12 0.31, respectively. Our analysis reveals positive relationship between presence ( βpredators = 3.104 ± 0.968), such tigers Panthera tigris ) leopards pardus ), well number humans detected βhuman 1.428 1.216) canopy cover percentage βcc 1.002 0.737). However, livestock shows negative interaction βlivestock −2.240 1.467). There was insignificant distance settlements, roads, water bodies. These findings underscore complex dynamics bears, humans, predators, landscapes. To ensure long‐term survival populations promote conservation, strategies account socio‐economic essential.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Habitat occupancy of sloth bear Melursus ursinus in Chitwan National Park, Nepal DOI
Rajan Prasad Paudel, Rabin Kadariya, Babu Ram Lamichhane

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(3)

Published: March 1, 2022

Mammals have experienced a massive decline in their populations and geographic ranges worldwide. The sloth bear, Melursus ursinus (Shaw, 1791), is one of many species facing conservation threats. Despite being endangered Nepal, decades inattention to the situation hindered management. We assessed distribution patterns habitat use by bears Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal. conducted sign surveys from March June, 2020, 4 × km grids (n = 45). collected detection/non-detection data along 4-km trail that was divided into 20 continuous segments 200 m each. obtained environmental, ecological, anthropogenic covariates understand determinants bear occupancy. were analyzed using single-species single-season occupancy method, with spatially correlated detection. Using repeated observations, these models accounted for imperfect detectability provide robust estimates model-averaged estimate 69% detection probability 0.25. increased presence termites fruits rugged, dry, open, undisturbed habitats. Our results indicate elusive, functionally unique, widespread CNP. Future interventions action plans aimed at management must adequately consider requirements.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Understanding the prospects of human-wildlife coexistence: a conceptual framework DOI
Avantika Thapa, Tanoy Mukherjee, Aditya Pradhan

et al.

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(13), P. 3583 - 3615

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Predicting the potential habitat of bears under a changing climate in Nepal DOI Creative Commons
Rishi Baral, Binaya Adhikari, Rajan Prasad Paudel

et al.

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 196(11)

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Factors influencing the habitat selection of Mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris) and its conservation threats in the Rapti River of Chitwan National Park, Nepal DOI Creative Commons

Nishan K.C.,

Bijaya Neupane,

Bibek Belbase

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42, P. e02406 - e02406

Published: Feb. 10, 2023

Mugger crocodiles (hereafter called muggers) are the apex predator and keystone species in slow flowing freshwater ecosystem. They play an important role its functioning by distributing nutrients increasing primary productivity. Muggers have a sympatric distribution with gharials Rapti Narayani River of Chitwan National Park, but more research conservation attention has been focused on Nepal. The inadequate availability information occupied habitats muggers restrict their evidence-based management. Therefore, we investigated ecological factors affecting habitat selection threats River. We conducted preliminary survey, followed detailed February March 2022. During pre-defined characteristics were recorded at each station spaced 500 m intervals along river as well locations where sighted. used generalized linear model (glm) under binomial family logit link function to analyze influencing muggers. dependent variable was presence or absence sampling points independent variables included: bank aspect, width, mid-river depth, substrate type, slope, water current, invasive alien plant species, anthropogenic disturbances. In addition, relative whole-site ranking method employed determine most prevalent mugger. survey period, total 46 mugger individuals, 74% observed basking 26% submerged river. highest percentage (39.1%) sandy bank, grass forest (19.5%), clay (15.1%), respectively. Only banks moderate (15–25°) moderately steep (25–35°) slopes found be significant occurrence Fishing extraction materials, disposal garbage solid waste ranked threats. For long-term River, effective management plans strategies required control illegal activities such fishing, sand mining, boulder quarrying. Research spatio‐temporal partitioning between is recommended understand how resources shared species.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
N-mixture model-based estimate of relative abundance of sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) in response to biotic and abiotic factors in a human-dominated landscape of central India DOI Creative Commons
Sankarshan Chaudhuri,

Rajasekar Rajaraman,

Kalyanasundaram Sankar

et al.

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10, P. e13649 - e13649

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

Reliable estimation of abundance is a prerequisite for species’ conservation planning in human-dominated landscapes, especially if the species elusive and involved conflicts. As means population estimation, importance camera traps has been recognized globally, although estimating unmarked, cryptic always challenge to biologists. This study explores use N-mixture model with three probability distributions, i.e ., Poisson, negative binomial (NB) zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), estimate relative sloth bears ( Melursus ursinus ) based on trapping exercise Sanjay Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh from December 2016 April 2017. We used environmental anthropogenic covariates variation bears. also compared null estimates (mean site abundance) obtained those Royle-Nichols abundance-induced heterogeneity (RN model) assess application similar site-structured models. Models distributions produced ecologically realistic more precise mean λ = 2.60 ± 0.64) other despite relatively high Akaike Information Criterion value. Area mixed sal forest, photographic capture rate humans distance nearest village predicted higher Mean (Poisson distribution) RN were comparable, indicating overall utility these models this field. However, density spatially explicit methods are essential evaluating efficacy cost-effective model. Compared commonly index/encounter-based methods, equipped knowledge governing biotic abiotic factors provides better like bear. In absence absolute estimates, present could be insightful long-term management

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Use of the MaxEnt model to predict changes in sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) habitats in the Gandaki River Basin, Nepal DOI
Raju Rai, Yili Zhang, Zhaofeng Wang

et al.

Journal of Mountain Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. 1988 - 1997

Published: July 1, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Habitat suitability modelling of Melursus ursinus (Shaw, 1791) (Mammalia: Carnivora) in the Chitwan National Park, Nepal DOI

Bharat R. Sharma,

Rajeev Joshi,

Sambandam Sathyakumar

et al.

Journal of Animal Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(3), P. 31 - 43

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Habitat suitability modelling of Melursus ursinus (Shaw, 1791) (Mammalia: Carnivora) in the Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Potential connectivity for sloth bear habitats in Western India’s landscape DOI

Arzoo Malik,

Chandra Prakash Singh, Nishith Dharaiya

et al.

European Journal of Wildlife Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69(6)

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Source-Dispersion Modeling Towards Sloth Bear–Human Conflict Management in Central India DOI Creative Commons
Sankarshan Chaudhuri, Meghna Bandyopadhyay,

Rajasekar Rajaraman

et al.

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: June 17, 2022

The impact of humans on biodiversity, in the form spatially extensive occurrence and subsequent habitat degradation, leads to negative interactions between native wildlife. However, knowledge spatial temporal interface wildlife is necessary understand root cause such interactions, yet considerably understudied context human-dominated landscapes south south-eastern Asia. We took this opportunity, gaining insights seasonal interaction spatio-temporal overlap sloth bears ( Melursus ursinus ) humans, subsequently predicted conflict source sites dispersion (i.e., hotspots) based robust geographic profiling (GP) method Sanjay Tiger Reserve (STR), a landscape central India. Detection data bear human were obtained from camera trap survey conducted for two years (2017–2018) records incidents (2009–2019) collected forest department. found that can co-occur with independently seasons, occupancy models. during summer, higher (Δ 4 = 0.46) lower (0.31) observed humans. Contrastingly, 0.29) (0.44) same winter. activity patterns differed significantly across seasons within species different seasons. Our findings indicated significant changes activity, especially increased likelihood bear-human incidents. mapping (with high accuracy) also greater probability compared winter, thus showed successful application GP models field. Also, alone able predict hotspots, demonstrating use prediction source-dispersion conflict. This study would be useful decision-makers alleviate bear–human variation direct conservation efforts accordingly.

Language: Английский

Citations

2